植物新品种保护制度研究

中国人民大学硕士学位论文植物新品种保护制度研究姓名：唐建军申请学位级别：硕士专业：@指导教师：王春燕200707012192006(UPOV)UPOVUPOV6026172257833912005UPOV199120056UPOV19911991198419992000103()123()1234UPOV19915DUS,45AbstractHistoryprotectedaboutthevarietyrightoftheplantcanbetracedbacktotheendofthe19thcentury,theagriculturalproductsareincludedintheindustrialproductsbytheInternationalIndustrialPropertyConferenceofParisforthefirsttime,makingitpossibletobeprotectedbyintellectualpropertyrightthesameasindustrialproducts.Bytheyearof2006,awholeseriesofconventionsrelatedtoplantvarietyprotectionhavebeenformed,withInternationalplantvarietyprotectionconventionasthecentreoftheseconventions.UPOVconventionhasbeenrevisedthreetimesandthevarietyrangeofprotectedplanthasbeenexpandedtoallgenusandvarieties,theobjectofvarietyrighthasbeenmorenaileddownandbeenextendedtoreapmaterialanddependencederivevariety,therightrangeofvarietyrightisnearlyexpandedtoeverylinkoftheproducingcirculatingofplantvariety,thetimelimithasbeenlengthenedtoo.Inthepresent60UPOVmemberstates,2memberstatesimplementinternationalnewplantvarietyprotectionconvention(61/72text),25memberstatesimplementtheinternationalnewplantvarietyprotectionconvention(thetextof1978),33memberstatesimplementtheinternationalnewvarietyplantprotectionconvention(thetextof1991).Since2005,UPOVhasbeenhopingourcountrytojoinits1991textassoonaspossible.1nJuneof2005,itholdaconferencetogetherwithChineseStateForestryBureau,MinistryofAgriculture,StateIntellectualPropertyBureauonadvantageofUPOVconvention(1991text)andbenefitofinternationalcooperationonplantvarietyprotection,themainpurposeistourgeourcountrytojoinits1991textassoonaspossible.Theprotection6systemofourcountryhasbeencomposedofpatentlawof1984,regulationsonprotectionofthenewplantvarietyof1999andseedlawof2000andtheirauxiliarylaw.Allinall,ourcountryimplementsintellectpropertyprotectionrelativelylate,asanewkindofintellectualpropertyinstitution,newplantvarietyprotectionsystemhasonlybeenimplementedlessthan10yearsinourcountry.Thestatewithfaintideaofvarietyrightofmostbreedingenterpriseandinstitutionandpersonnelhasnotbeenturnedbackatallyet,thestrategicmeaningofvarietyprotectiontothenewplantvarietyhasnotbeenunderstoodtotally,theprotectionsystemofthenewplantvarietyhavenotbeenutilizedandpromotedasbasicpromotingmotiveforceandpolicymeansforbreedingtechnologyinnovationcontinuously.Inthepastfewyears,althoughthetrendofapplicationofvarietyrightprotectionhasbeenmoreandmorepositive,therearestillfewquantities,alotofnewfinevarietieshavenotformedintellectualpropertyrightintime.Althoughbeenprovidedwiththefundamentalplantvarietylegalprotectionsystem,thecurrentsituationstillcausedanxiety.Theauthorhassummarizedsomeusefulexperiencefromdevelopedcountrieswhichhavealreadyimplementedtheprotectionsystemofplantvarietyformanyyears,inthecourseofthisresearch,accordingtotherequirementsforourcountryfromtheinternationaltreatyandourcountry'sconcretenationalconditions;Imadesomesuggestionforourcountrysplantvarietyrightprotection.Thefirstpartofthisarticlehasproposedthenecessityandmeaningofthisresearch,reviewedthehistoryoftheprotectionsystemofthenewplantvarietyandaseriesofinternationalconventionscomingoutduringthisperiod,analyzedtheircontent,comparedeachone'scharacteristicsandemphasispoint,madebriefanalysisofthecharacterofthevarietyrightofplant;Parttwoisaboutourcountryslegalprotectionsystem,ourcountry'scurrentprotectionstatusquoand7outstandingproblemsexisted;PartthreeismyresearchonlegalsystemofEurope,U.S.A.andJapan,andtheircurrentprotectsituationandenlightenmentforChinarespectively;Thelastpart,provideconclusionofthisresearchandprovidesuggestiontoourcountrysprotectionsystemaccordingtocurrentsituationfrombothlegalandadministrantrespects.Thebasicconclusionhereinisthatthenewvarietyplantprotectionsystemofourcountrybasicallyaccordswiththedemandofourcountrysagriculturalintellectualpropertyprotectionatthepresentstage,buttheplantvarietyprotectionsystemofourcountrystillinalowdegree.Thesuggestionputforwardforimprovingtheprotectionsystemofplantvarietyincludesthefollowingseveralpoints:1.Legislationsuggestion1.1Legislationform(1)Legislatureshouldpasstheregulationofvarietyrightintheformoflawassoonaspossible,andincreasecorrespondingcontentinthelegalclause.(2)Coordinatetherelationsofpatentlawandspeciallawofplantprotection.Coordinatetherelationsbetweenvarietyrightsandpatentright.(3)Revisecriminallawassoonaspossible;strengthenthesanctiontoinfringingactionofvarietyright.1.2Legislationcontent(1)Expandprotectionofbreedmaterialtoreapingmaterials,strengthentheprotectionofpeasantsprivilegeatthesametime.(2)Expandtherightinproductiontoproductionofthenon-commercialpurpose(3)AccordingtoUPOV1991textsrequirement,makingappropriateextensionfortimelimitofvarietyrightprotectiontopromotesystemreformofagriculturalscienceandtechnologyandencouragetheinputofthebreedingofenterprise'scapital,distinguishingdifferentsubjectsofapplyingfor,administratingdifferentprotectiontimelimitsfordifferentsubjectinvarietyright8protection.(4)Increasethecontentthatvarietyrightexhausted,ononehand