宾语补足语讲解及练习

1宾语补足语讲解一、定义：宾语补足语通常紧跟在宾语之后，对宾语进行补充说明。二、句子结构是：主+谓+宾+宾补三宾语补足语的词语形式有：副词，形容，名词，介词短语，不定式(带to/不带to)，分词（现在分词/过去分词）四、具体说明：（1）副词作宾语补足语如：Ifoundhiminyesterday.（2）形容词作宾语补足语如：Wemustkeepourclassroomclean.（3）名词作宾语补足语如：Wecallthemmooncakes.（4）介词短语作宾语补足语如：Ileftmypenonmydeskathome.（5）不定式作宾语补足语如：Sheoftenasksmetohelpher.Ioftenseehimplayfootball.用不定式作宾语补足语的几种说明：①help后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式可以带to也可以不带to。如：Ioftenhelpmymother(to)dosomehousework.②在使役动词和感官动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。这些动词有：一感：feel；二听：hear,listento；三让：let,have,make四观看：observe,see,watch,lookat如：Isawtheboyclimbthewall（过程）如：Thebossmakestheboyworkdayandnight.这类动词转为被动语态时，其后不定式符号to要重新加上去(注意have没有被动语态)。Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesistercry,todayhewasmadetocrybyhislittlesister.虽然经常是他弄哭小妹妹，但今天他却被小妹妹弄哭了③表示心理状态的动词（consider,think,believe,discover,find,imagine,judge,suppose,prove等）后接不定式tobe+形容词或名词结构作宾语补足语。think,consider,find后的tobe常可省略。如：Weconsiderhim(tobe)agoodteacher.如：Heprovedthetheory(tobe)veryimportant.（6）现在分词作宾语补足语，说明宾语是动作的发出者，形成逻辑上的主谓关系。如：Isawtheboyclimbingthewall.（片段）（7）过去分词作宾语补足语，表示宾语是动作的承受者，构成逻辑上的动宾关系。如：Isawanoldmanknockeddownbyacarjustnow.（8）“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。例如：1、with+宾+形Helefttheroomwiththedooropen.方式2、with+宾+副Withtheradioon,grandmasleptdeeplyinthechair.伴随3、with+宾+过去分词Themanwsbroughtinwithhishandstiedbehindhisback.方式4、with+宾+不定式Withthisbooktohelpyou,youcanfinishyourworkqickly.条件5、with+宾+介词短语Themanleftthemeetingwithabookinhishand.伴随6、with+宾+现在分词Shefellasleepwiththelightburning.伴随2宾语补足语练习题1.Themanagerdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketoseethenextyear.(NMET2000)A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout2.----There’saholeinyourbag.----Iknow,I’mgoingtohaveit_____.A.mendB.mendingC.mendedD.tobemended3.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister____,todayhewasmade____byhislittlesister.A.cry;tocryB.crying;cryingC.cry;cryD.tocry;cry4.Theywouldnotallowhim_____acrosstheenemyline.A.toriskgoingB.riskingtogoC.forrisktogoD.riskgoing5.Ifoundthedoor_____whenIgothome.A.openedB.closeC.unlockingD.open6.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim___.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoD.donotto7.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise____.A.goingonB.goesonC.wentonD.togoon8.Withalotofdifficultproblems_____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettled9.Iadvised_____atonce.A.himtostartingB.himtostartC.tostartingD.tostart10.WhenIputmyhandonhischest,Icouldfeelhisheartstill____.A.beatB.tobebeatingC.beatingD.wasbeating11.Youhadbettergetadoctor_____yourbadtooth.A.pulloutB.topulloutC.pulledoutD.pullingout12.Hemanagedtomakehimselfwithhis____English.A.understand;breakingB.understand;brokenB.C.understood;breakingD.understood;broken13.Thedoctoraskedhimnottoleavehiswound______.A.exposeB.exposedC.toexposeD.exposing14.Theyaregoingtohavetheserviceman____anelectricfanintheofficetomorrow.A.installB.toinstallC.tobeinstalledD.installed15.Afterafewroundsoftalks,bothsidesregardedtheterritorydispute______.A.beingsettledB.tobesettledC.hadsettledD.assettled16.Youwillseethisproduct____whereveryougo.A.tobeadvertisedB.advertisedC.advertiseD.advertising17.Hisremarksleftme_____abouthisrealpurpose.A.wonderedB.wonderC.towonderD.wondering18.WhenIcaughthim______meIstoppedbuyingthingsthereandstarteddealingwithanothershop.A.cheatingB.cheatC.tocheatD.tobecheating19.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister____,todayhewasmade____byhislittlesister.A.cry;tocryB.crying;cryingC.cry;cryD.tocry;cry20.Didyouintendus___thenewmethod?321.Theteacherencouragedus______goodcompositions.A.WritingB.writtenC.towriteD.iswriting22.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim___________.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto23.Mrs.Brownwasmuchdisappointedtoseethewashingmachineshehadhad_______wentwrongagain.A.itB.itrepairedC.repairedD.toberepaired24.Withalotofdifficultproblems_____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingagoodtime.A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettled25.Withtrees,flowersandgrass_____everywhere,mynativetownhadtakenonanewlook.A.plantingB.plantedC.toplantD.tobeplanted26.Shewasgladtoseeherchildwell_____careof.A.takeB.tobetakenC.takenD.taking27.Theresultoftheentranceexamswasnotmade_____tothepublicuntillastThursday.A.knowingB.knownC.toknowD.tobeknown28.Icanmakeyou_____whatIsay,butyoucan’tmakeyourself____inEnglish.A.understand;understandB.understand,understoodCtounderstand,understandD.understand;tobeunderstood29.Hefoundthem____atatable_____.A.sat;toplaychessB.sitting;toplaychessC.seated;playingchessD.seat;playthechess30.Johnrushedoutinahurry,___thedoor_____.A.leaving;unlockedB.leaving;unlockingC.left;unlockedD.toleave;unlocking31.Wearepleasedtoseetheproblem___soquickly.A.settledB.settlingC.besettledD.havingbeensettled32.Icouldfeelthewind___onmyfacefromanopenwindow.A.toblowB.blowingC.tobeblowingD.blown33.____productionupby60%,thecompanyhashadanotherexcellentyear.A.AsB.ForC.WithD.Through34.____everything____,sheleftthesupermarketwithsatisfaction.A.As,buyingB.For,tobuyC.With,boughtD.Because,tobuy35.Don’tleavethewater____whileyoubrushyourteeth.(天津2004)A.runB.runningC.beingrunD.torun36.Helookedarounda