英语简单句的5种基本类型

简单句的五种基本类型预备知识Subject主语?Predicate谓语?Object宾语?Predicative表语?FullVerb实义／行为动词?LinkVerb连系动词?还“简单句”呢----分不清了耶!!!郁闷死!休要担心少要害怕----简单句（SimpleSentences）就是只包含一个主谓结构的句子----它的结构就是这么简单,所以才叫简单句的啊!英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由简单句的五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的,只要把这些基本句型弄清楚,你就会游刃有余了!----呵呵,就像俺这样:Practicemakesperfect!----熟能生巧按结构分一个完整的简单句由“主语部分+谓语部分”构成Themanisateacher.主语部分谓语部分Heworkshard.主语部分谓语部分HeteachesEnglishwell.主语部分谓语部分哲学上说:运动是绝对的静止是相对的造句的关键就在于动词一般而言,每个句子都应该有个动词(除了省略句外)动词连系动词主要动词行为动词助动词辅助动词情态动词be(amisarewaswere)/seem/keep是/好象(似乎)是/保持look/feel/taste/smell/sound看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去)become/turn/get/grow变得不及物动词laugh/smlie/look/listen及物动词see/hear/drank/eatbe(am/is/are/was/were)do/does/didhave/has/hadwill/shall/begoingtocan/may/must/shall/needcould/should/would/mighthave(has)to/hadbetter连系动词be(amisarewaswere)/seem/keep/…是/好象(似乎)是/保持look/feel/taste/smell/sound/…看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去)become/turn/get/grow/…变得表语:表示主语是什么(身份)或者怎么样(处于什么状态)。由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当。和连系动词一起构成谓语,也就是说:连系动词后面的就/才是表语!Heisaboy.Sheisagirl.Theyarestudents.Theyaregood.Helooks/seemsill.Theappletastesnice.Treesturngreen.Yourideasoundsgood.主语连系动词表语连系动词主系表结构（SVP）=主语+连系动词+表语Mr.Liisagoodteacher.Themovieisinteresting/wonderful.Hefeelshungry.Theflowerlooksbeautiful.主语Subject:表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”。也就是动作的发出者。一般由名词、代词或相当于名词、代词的词或短语等充当。谓语Predicate:说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或者“怎么样”。也就是做了什么行为动作或处于什么状态。谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）用动词。宾语Object:表示动作、行为的对象。也就是动作的接受者。一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当。狗咬人。主语谓语宾语人咬狗。主语谓语宾语及物动词是后面可以直接跟宾语的动词:see/hear/drank/eat/…Isawhimlastweek.Weheardthebadnewsyesterday.Theyeatbreadeveryday.Hedrankaglassofmilkjustnow.不及物动词是后面不可以直接跟宾语的动词:laugh/smile/look/listen/…Shesmiledhappily.Theylaughedloudly.如果要加宾语,就要靠一个介词来帮助:Shelookattheblackboardcarefully.Helistenedtohisteacherinclass.Theylaughedatusafterthematch.什么是及物动词和不及物动词呢?!Thedoctorlistenedcarefully.Theworkerranfast.Theboyisfishing.Thegirldanceswell.Theduckisswimming.Thewomanwalksslowly.主谓结构（SV）=主语+谓语动词不及物动词Helikesbasketballgame.Heplayscomputergameseveryday.Heplayedsocceryesterday.Heisplayingtheguitarnow.及物动词主谓宾结构（SVO）=主语+谓语+宾语有些词既是及物动词又是不及物动词，那就要看意思上的区别了：他们放风筝。Theyflythekites.风筝在天上飞。Thekitesflyinthesky.Hegavemeapresent.Sheteachesus.SheteachesEnglish.SheteachesusEnglish.Shetoldmeastory.及物动词主谓双宾结构（SVOiOd）=主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语可以用于这种句式的动词主要有(A)buy/build/catch/cutchoose/cook/find/get/keep/make/draw/doHeboughtmeanewbike.也可以改为forsb.的句式Heboughtanewbikeforme.(B)give/take/send/bring/teach/show/tell/pay/write/read/sell/lend/pass/return/throw/offer/handShelentmeabook.也可以改为tosb.的句式Shelentabooktome.主谓宾宾补结构（SVOC）=主语+谓语+宾语+宾语的补足语Hetoldmetocleanmyroom.Isawherdancing.OurteacherasksustoreadEnglisheveryday.及物动词可以用于这种句式的动词主要有let/makesb.dosth.ask/tell/want/allow/wish/get/sb.todosth.expect/encourage/invite/teachfind/see/hear/watch/notice/feelsb.dosth.sb.doingsth.helpsb.(to)dosth.hope和welcome比较特殊－－我们可以说:Ihopetovisityourschool.Ihopethatyoucanvisitourschool.Iwishyoutovisitourschool.Welcometovisitourschool.Youarewelcometovisitourschool.Welcometoourschool.但不可以说：Ihope/welcomeyoutovisitourschool.[1]主系表型Sheisaverygoodgirl.(主语)(连系动词)(表语)Thegirlisverygood.(主语)(连系动词)(表语)[2]主谓型1主谓式:They‖laughed.Thekites‖flyinthesky.(主语)(谓语动词)(主语)(谓语动词)2主谓宾式:I‖boughtanewbike.He‖playsvolleyball.(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)3主谓宾宾式:She‖toldmeastory.He‖gavemeagoodbook.(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)(宾语)(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)(宾语)4主谓宾宾补式He‖askedmetohelphim.He‖mademehappy.(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)(宾语补足语)(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)(宾语补足语)keysTheboyisasleep.Theboyissleeping.主谓宾主谓Theboyisplayingtheguitar.Hismusicisverybeautiful.Itisbeautifulmusic.主系表Heisplayinghappily.判断这些句子的类型并理解be动词的双重身份（连系动词／助动词）