多等级电动汽车充电站的选址与算法-张国亮

416Vol．41No．6JOURNALOFSHANDONGUNIVERSITYENGINEERINGSCIENCE201112Dec．[e-mail]*[e-mail]1672-3961201106-0136-07*300072。。。2-opt、。。U469.72ALocationandalgorithmofmulti-levelelectricvehiclechargingstationsZHANGGuo-liangLIBo*WANGYun-faCollegeofManagementandEconomicsTianjinUniversityTianjin300072ChinaAbstractThechargingstationispartofthecrucialinfrastructureoftheelectricvehicleandthelocationandscaleofthechargingstationsaresignificantforthedevelopmentoftheelectricvehicleindustry．Alocationandsolvingalgorithmofmulti-levelelectricvehiclechargingstationswasproposed．Concerningtheuser’distributionsbasedontheobjectiveprogramthoughtthemulti-levelelectricsitemodelwasdevelopedtominimizetheinitialconstructioncostandthetotalusers’chargingservicecost．Animprovedtabusearchalgorithmwaspresentedtosolvethemodel．Thenewcombina-tionoftabucodingandthegeneratingofinitialsolutionsweredesignedtocharacterizethetwodecisionvariablesofthemulti-levelsitesandtheallocationtotheusersusingthestrategyof2-optsearchneighborlocatingsitesstationlevelsandtheallocationofthedemandpointstothestationsweresimultaneouslydetermined．Finallyanumericalexampledemonstratedthatthealgorithmhadbetterglobalsearchingperformanceandconvergencepropertyandtheproposedmodelwasalsoeffective．Keywordselectricvehiclechargingstationlocationmulti-leveltabusearchalgorithm0。、。、6137。。、、HATTONCE1、、2-4、3、5-678、、、920107《》、、10MOR-ROWK311。WANGHeng-song、、121314ReVelle15-16GLOVERF、17-18。、、。、。。13、。31、。。《》4、、1。1Table1Levelclassificationofelectricvehiclechargingstation/kWh/kVA、1≥6800≥5000≥200≥50023400～68003000～5000100～200200～50031700～34001000～300040～100100～2004≤1700≤1000≤40≤1002。、。2.1138411、234。2.21Ii∈IJj∈J。2DiiFmmλCmmdijijP。3Xjm=01jm10Zij=01j10。2.3minC=∑j∑mFmXjm+λ∑i∑jDiZijdij1s．t．∑jZij=1i∈I2Zij≤Xjmi∈Ij∈Jm∈M3∑iDiZij≤∑mCmXjmj∈J4∑mXjm≤1j∈J5∑j∑mXjm=P6Xjm∈01j∈Jm∈M7Zij∈01i∈Ij∈J。8123456P7、8。3NP-Hard、。19tabusearchTSGLOVERF1986。TS。3.1。Xjmm*XjmjXj0-1Xj=1jXj=0j。J1PP≤M0。1。123…j…J－1J010…0…101Fig．1CodeschemeZijmXjm。3.2XjmZijm。1ZijXjmPj1j2…jP。i=1ijpjp∈j1j2…jPdij1dij2…dijPdij*j*ij*Zij*=1j*Dii=i+1ii∈I。jpVjp=∑ijpDijpijpjp。2m61391MCM。jpjp∈j1j2…jPVjp≤CMVjpjpmCm－1＜Vjp≤Cmjp∈j1j2…jPVjp＞CM2。2Vj1Vj2…VjpVjxjx。jxjxijxdijxjxdijxjxi*i*Di*i*jp'。i*Vjx＞CMVjx≤CMVj1Vj2…Vjpijp3。3jp∈j1j2…jPVjp＞CM2Vj1Vj2…VjpVjp≤CM1。3.3Xjm、Zijm。∑j∑mFmXjmFmmλ∑i∑jDiZijdijλDiidijij。3.42-opt20C2JJ。2-opt2-opt12…Jj'j″j'j″Xjj'j″Cj'Cj″j'j″j'j″01。2-opt。2。2Fig．2Swappingprocessofneighborhoodstructures3.2。3.5、12-opt。2。3。4NNsNs。3.61XnowSXnowXbest=XnowSbest=SXnowT=n=0ns=02Xnow2-optmNXnow3NXnow4NXnowXcandXbest=XcandSbest=SXcandns=0655ns=ns+1XcandXcand66Xnow=XcandSXcand7n=n+1nXbestSbest88nsXbestSbest2。3。140413Fig．3Tabusearchalgorithmforsolvingprocess4。。50×503010105、2、34。、204020～40《》44、、λ=1/km=10－4/km。2Table2DemandpointscoordinatesandcorrespondingdemandsXY/124.7421.5233245.688.0135348.363.342246.345.792954.7026.6128620.8741.782470.4632.2437810.7945.4637910.3742.5330104.0240.9340118.1326.99231221.8627.0138130.1041.8336140.994.92291548.3730.98331622.8141.90401727.114.62331830.119.14251927.447.81282010.110.42242120.0518.98302247.1723.70292341.002.87302434.837.3623253.1736.14222634.7911.06272725.6628.79332844.634.63242941.0949.70333048.6546.14253Table3CandidatepointscoordinatesXY15.005.0026.0032.00310.0038.00425.0025.00530.005.00643.008.00742.0025.00845.0040.00918.0042.001032.0015.0061414Fig．4Layoutofdemandpointsandcandidatepoints4Table4Stationlevelsandcorrespondingconstructioncosts/·－1/135065022505303110400470350Matlab7.181030050。2055。5Table5Operationresults010010111023457101113142554123171819202123242628711522812930936891216272410.97005Fig．5Constructionlocationsandallocationofdemandpoints。。5。1。。2、。1HATTONCEBEELLASKBREZETJCetal．Chargingstationforurbansettingsthedesignofaprod-uctplatformforelectricvehicleinfrastructureindutchcit-iesJ．WorldElectricVehicleJournal200931-13．2．J．201023516-30．LUMangZHOUXiaobingZHANGWei．ResearchondevelopmentofchargingfacilitiesforelectricvehiclesathomeandabroadJ．CentralChinaElectricPower201023516-30．3．J．2011392202-206．TANGMinXUJiexianGUYuelei．Researchontheconstructionandoperationmodeofelectricvehiclechar-gingstationsJ．EastChinaElectricPower2011392202-206．4．J．201022749-55．XIADejian．OverviewonresearchinelectricvehiclesJ．EnergyTechnologyandEconomics201022749-55．5ZHENGZhongqiao．Analysisondevelopmenttrendofe-lectricvehiclechargingmodeC//InternationalConfer-enceonElectronicsandOptoelectronicsICEOE2011．DalianChinaIEEE2011440-442．6．J．2008368107-110．YAOJianxinWANGMeiLUOWeiming．Constructionandapplicationofchargingsystemsforelectricmobiles14241J．EastChinaElectricPower2008368107-110．7．J．200937101678-1682．XUFanYUGuoqinGULinfengetal．Tentativeanal-ysisoflayoutofelectricalvehiclechargingstationsJ．EastChinaElectricPower200937101678-1682．8．J．201130341-43．XUWenchaoNIUTaoYANLinlietal．InfluencefactorsandpredictingmethodofthedemandforelectricalvehiclechargingstationJ．JiangsuElectricalEngineer-ing201130341-43．9．J．2011394547-550．JUYong．Electricvehiclechargingstationcons