高中英语课件选修七Unit2

Unit2Robots机器人zxxkw学科网学科网学.科.网机器人一词最早诞生于科幻小说中，人们对其充满了想象。从机器人问世到现在仅有几十年的历史，但发展迅速，新机型、新功能的机器人不断涌现，让我们一起来看一下下面文章中的机器人吧！UnstoppablerobotsInsomeofthescariestsciencefiction,harmfulrobotsrefusetodie,nomatterhowfiercelypeoplefightback.Now,sciencefictionhaschangedintosciencefact.Forthefirsttime,researchershavecreatedaroboticmachinethatcanstandabeatingandkeeponwalking.DevelopedbyscientistsfromCornellUniversityandtheUniversityofVermont,thenewrobotlookslikeaspiderwithfourlegs.Untilnow,eventhemostadvancedrobotwasalmostcertaintobreakdownwhendamaged.That’sbecauseitsinsidecomputersimplydoesn’tknowhowtooperatethemachineafteritsshapehaschanged.Togetaroundthisproblem,thespideryrobot’sdevelopersequippedtheirinventionwitheightmotorsandtwosensorsthatreadhowthemachineistilting.Themotorsandsensorsallprovideelectricalsignalsforthemachine’ssoftware.Usingthisinformation,thesystemfollowsanewproceduretofigureoutthemachine’sshapeatanygivenmoment.Theprogramchoosesfromamong100,000possiblearrangementsofparts.Fromthere,thecomputerconsidersawidevarietyofnextpossiblesteps,anditcalculateshowbesttomovetherobotforwardthelongestpossibledistance,beforetryingtomoveagain.“Thenewstrategyisamajoradvanceinrobotics”,ProfessorSkehan,ascientistinCornellUniversitysays,“andit’sfarfromscary.”Thetechnologymaysomedayhelpresearcherscreatebetterartificialarmsandlegsthatgivenewfreedomtopeoplewholackthem.Thenewknowledgemightalsohelpscientistsunderstandhowpeopleandanimalsfigureouttheirownsenseofplaceinspace.zxxkw“Designingrobotsthatcanadapttochangingenvironmentsandcancompensatefordamagehasbeenadifficultproblem,”saysneuroscientistOlafSpornsofIndianaUniversityinBloomington.“Thisworkprovidesanewwaytowardsolvingthisimportantproblem.”