高二英语课件高二英语上学期过去分词作状语高二英语课件

Grammar过去分词作状语过去分词作状语，一是表被动的动作，二是表动作已经完成。通常作如下几种状语：1.Whenitisseenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.Seenfromthehill1.时间状语,可在过去分词前加上连词when,while,until等.2.Don’tspeakuntilyouarespokento.Untilspokento2.原因状语1.Becausetheboywasgreatlytouchedbyhisteacher’swords,hedidalotofthingstohelphisclassmates.Greatlytouchedbytheteacher’swords2.Ashewassurprisedatwhathappened,Tomdidn’tknowwhattodo.Surprisedatwhathappened3.条件状语1.Ifweweregivenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.Givenmoretime2.Ifitisheatedtoahightemperature,waterwillchangeintovapour.Heatedtoahightemperature4.让步状语1.Thoughtheyhadbeenwarnedofthestorm,thefarmerswerestillworkinginthefields.Thoughwarnedofthestorm2.EvenifI’minvited,Iwon’ttakepartintheparty.Evenifinvited5.方式、伴随状语1.Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,andhewasfollowedbyagroupofstudents.Followedbyagroupofstudents2.Themanagerheldhisheadhigh,hewalkedintotheroom.Holdinghisheadhigh分词的时态1）一般式表示与主语动词同时发生。例如：Hearingthenews,hejumpedwithjoy.Arrivingthere,theyfoundtheboydead.典型例题Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,___alongspeechforthepresident.A.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedD.waspreparing答案B.此处没有连词，不能选D，否则出现了两个谓语动词worked和waspreparing。只能在B，C中选一个。又因前后两个动作同时发生，且与主语为主动关系，应用现在分词。2）完成时表示先于主语动词发生。例如：Whilewalkinginthegarden，hehurthisleg.分词作时间状语，如果先与主动词的动作，且强调先后，要用havingdone。Havingfinishedhishomework,hewentout.A.C.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived=Ashehadfinishedhishomework,hewentout.典型例题___areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.NotreceivingB.Receivingnot答案C.本题考查分词的时态与分词的否定式。根据题意判断，词的动作（接信）发生在谓语动词的动作（决心再写信）之前，因此用分词的完成式。分词的否定式的构成为not+分词，故选C。该句可理解为：Becausehehadnotreceivedareply,hedecidedtowriteagain.分词的语态1）通常，现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动。例如：Heisthemangivingyouthemoney.（=whogaveyou…）他就是给你钱的那个人。Heisthemanstoppedbythecar.（=whowasstoppedby…）他就是那个被车拦住的人。2）不及物动词的过去分词表示动作已经发生，如gone,fallen,retired,grown-up,escaped,faded,returned等。例如：awell-readperson.一个读过许多书的人amuch-traveledman一个去过许多地方的人aburnt-outmatch烧完了的火注意：选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出，分词就选用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。例如：Usedforalongtime,thebooklooksold.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。Usingthebook,Ifindituseful.在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用。3）_______,liquidscanbechangedintogases.A.HeatingB.TobeheatedC.HeatedD.Heat答案C.本题要选分词作为状语。现在分词表主动，正在进行的；过去分词表被动的，已经完成的。对于液体来说是加热的受动者，是被动的，因而选C。它相当于一个状语从句Whenitisheated，…注意：选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出，分词就选用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。例如：Usedforalongtime,thebooklooksold.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。Usingthebook,Ifindituseful.在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用连词+分词（短语）有时为使分词短语与主句关系更清楚，可在分词前加连词。连词有：when，while，ifthough，after,before,as.但分词的主语和主句的主语必须为同一个。例如：Whilewaitingthere,hesawtwoprettygirlscomeoutofthebuilding.等在那儿时，他看见两个靓妹走出大楼。（waiting和saw的主语相同）分词作插入语分词作插入语的结构是固定的，意思上的主语并不是句子的主语。例如：generallyspeaking一般说来talkingof（speakingof）说道strictlyspeaking严格的说judgingfrom从…判断allthingsconsidered从整体来看takingallthingsintoconsideration全面看来例如：Judgingfromhisface,hemustbeill.从他的脸色看，他一定是病了。Generallyspeaking,dogscanrunfasterthanpigs.总的来说，狗比猪跑得快。（speaking不是dogs的动作）Exercises:1.____someofficials,Napoleoninspectedhisarmy.A.FollowedB.FollowedbyC.BeingfollowedD.havingbeenfollowed2.Therewasaterriblenoise___thesuddenburstoflight.A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowedBB3.Thenextmorningshefoundtheman___inbed,dead.A.lyingB.lieC.layD.laying4.IcanhardlyimaginePeter___acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.sailB.sailingC.tosailD.tohavesailedAB7.___areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived8.Thevisitingministerexpressedhissatisfactionwithhistalks,___thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.A.havingaddedB.toaddC.addingD.addedCC9.Don’tgetyouschedule___,staywithusinthisclass.A.tochangeB.changingC.changedD.change10.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,___itthemostpopularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomakeCA11.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands___behindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied12.___moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.HavinggivenDA13.The___morning,thefathercameintothelonelyhouse,___byhisnaughtyboy.A.following,followingB.followed,followedC.following,followedD.followed,following14.Mrs.Whitewasgladtoseethenurse___afterhersonandwaspleasedtoseetheboywell___careofinthenursery.A.looked;takenB.looking;takenC.looked;tookD.looking;takingCB15.___hisheadhigh,themanagerwalkedintotheroomtoattendthemeeting___then.A.Holding;beingheldB.Held;holdingC.Havingheld;heldD.Held;tobeheld16.___,buthestillcouldnotunderstandit.A.ToldmanytimesB.HavingbeentoldmanytimesC.HehasbeentoldmanytimesD.ThoughhehadbeentoldmanytimesAC注意:用分词短语作状语时,它逻辑上的主语要与句子的主语保持一致,否则分词短语就要有自己的逻辑主语,这种结构称为独立主格结构.1.Alloursavingsgone,westartedlookingforjobs.2.Herushedintotheroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.