高考英语虚拟语气1高三英语课件

06年高考语法复习系列九虚拟语气主要内容：1.条件状语从句中的虚拟语气2.名词性从句中的虚拟语气3.重要句型1.条件状语从句中的虚拟语气[例句]1.Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemethim.要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。(与过去事实相反)2.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.假如我是你的话，我会马上走。(与现在事实相反，事实上我不可能是你)3.Ifitweresunnytomorrow,Iwouldcometoseeyou.明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。(与将来事实可能相反)时间If条件句主句过去haddonewould/should/could/mighthavedone现在did/wereWould/should/could/mightdo将来shoulddoweretododid/werewould/should/could/mightdo(1)在条件从句中(叫虚拟条件句)，表示与事实相反的条件。分三种情况(以do为例)：典型例题1)Thevolleyballmatchwouldbeputoffifit_____tomorrow.A.willrainB.rainsC.rainedD.israined2)Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe____inturn,you____sotired.（96N）A.drove…didn’tgetB.haddriven…wouldn’thavegotC.drove…wouldn’tgetD.weredriving…wouldn’tgetCB解题关键：根据句中的时间状语或上下文情景3)Ifitwerenotforthesnowyweather,we___allright.A.wouldbeB.wouldhavebeenC.wereD.maybeA(2）条件句中的倒装表示虚拟虚拟条件句中有were,had,should时,可把if省略,而把were,had,should放在主语前,用倒装结构,这种结构主要用于书面语中.如:1.Wereitnecessary,Imightresign.(=Ifitwerenecessary,)2.Hadyouinformedmeearlier,Iwouldnothavesignedthecontract.(=Ifyouhadinformedmeearlier,)3.Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheSummerPalace.(=Ifitshouldraintomorrow)1.Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor,you____allrightnowA.areB.wereC.wouldbeD.wouldhavebeen2.____today,hewouldgettherebyFridayA.WerehetoleaveB.IfhehadleftC.DidhetoleaveD.Hadheleft3.____hard,hewouldhavepassedtheexamA.IfheweretoworkB.HadheworkedC.ShouldheworkD.Werehetowork4.___theclouds,youwouldfindtheairplaneintheskyeasilyA.HaditnotbeenforB.IfitwerenotC.IfithadnotbeenforD.WereitnotforcABD(3)含蓄条件句有些句子中,没有任何表示虚拟语气的词,短语或从句,但仍要用虚拟语气.这时,要么是省略了表示虚拟语气的部分,要么隐含在上下文之中(otherwise或inthatcase)或者用介词替代了（常见的介词有with,without,butfor）.如:1.Iwoulddoanythingforher(ifIcould).2.Wewouldnothavefinishedthewordontimewithoutyourhelp.(=ifyouhadnothelpedus)3.Butfortherain,wewouldhavefinishedthework.(=ifithadnotbeenfortherain,)4.Whatwouldyoudowithamilliondollars?(=ifyouhadamilliondollars?)1)Butforwater,it____impossibletoliveintheearthA.isB.wouldbeC.wereD.wouldn’tbe2)Withoutyourhelp,I_____somuchprogressinmystudiesinsuchashorttime.A.don'tmakeB.didn'tmakeC.willnothavemadeD.wouldnothavemade3).Iwasillthatday,otherwiseI____thesportsmeetA.wouldhavetakenpartinB.tookpartinC.hadtakenpartinD.wouldtakepartinBDA(4)错综时间条件句例：1.Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor,you____allrightnow.A.areB.wereC.wouldbeD.wouldhavebeenC在这种条件句中,从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同。此时，主从句的谓语动词需要按时间来确定虚拟形式。IfIwereyou,Iwouldnothavemissedthefilmlastnight.(现在---过去)Iftheyhadstartedintheearlymorning,theywouldarriveinhalfanhour(过去---将来)Ifyouhadaskedhimwhenyousawhimlasttime,youwouldknowwhattodonow.(过去---现在)(5).比较ifonly与onlyifonlyif表示“只有”；ifonly则表示如果……就好了若是...那该多好啊;真希望...;Iwakeuponlyifthealarmclockrings.只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。Ifonlythealarmclockhadrung.当时闹钟响了，就好了。IfonlyIwereabird!要我是一只鸟,那该多好啊!表示现在的情况,应用过去式;如果是过去的情况,应用过去完成时态Ifonly也可用于陈述语气。Ifonlyhecomesearly.但愿他早点回来。1.名词性从句中的虚拟语气(1).宾语从句中的虚拟语气1)wish+宾语从句表示不能实现的愿望,译为”要是……就好了”Iwishitwerespringalltheyearround.IwishIhadknowntheanswerearlier.IwishIwouldgototheseasidenextsummer.表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用would/could+动词原形表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用had+过去分词或could(should)+have+过去分词HowIwisheveryfamily_____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden!(02上海)A.hasB.hadC.willhaveD.hadhadB(2).在动词insist,order,command,suggest,advise,propose,request,desire,require,demand,decide,determine,recommend,etc.后需用虚拟语气(should)+动词原形。1.Theteacherdemandedthatthework_____before4o’clock.A.finishedB.befinishedC.shouldfinishD.finish2.---Whatdidthedoctorsayaboutyourmother’sillness?---Hesuggestedthatshe_____anoperationatonce.A.musthaveB.hadC.haveD.hadhadBC注意:当suggest表示暗示,表明,insist表示坚持认为的意思时,不用虚拟语气,用陈述语气Thesmileonherfacesuggestedthatshewassatisfiedwithourwork.Themaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney.(2)表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。Hissuggestionthatwe(should)sotoShanghaiiswonderful.Myideaisthatthey(should)pay100dollars.1.Hissuggestionthatyou_____oncemoresoundsreasonable.A.tryB.triesC.musttryD.cantry2.Mysuggestionisthatshe________moreexercise,whichwilldoalotofgoodtoher.A.takesB.musttakeC.takeD.tookAC3.其他句型(1).It’s(high/right)time(that)…从句中谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were)或should+动词原形.如:It’stimethatIpickedupmymother.(2).在系动词后由asif/though引导的表语从句有时候用虚拟语气.HespeaksasifhewereanEnglish.Ifeelasifwehadknowneachotherforyears.(3)在含有ifitwerenotfor或ifithadnotbeenfor条件句的虚拟语气中Ifitwerenotfortherain,thecropswoulddie.Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,wecouldnothavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.