高中英语必修四-Unit-3-A-taste-of-English-humor-Grammar

GrammarHehadagiftforacting.Actingwashisjob.(v-ingusedassubject)(V-ingusedasobject)Revisionv-ing形式作主语和宾语的用法TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.1.Talkingtohimistalkingtoawall.2.Smokingmaycausecancer.对他说话等于对牛弹琴。吸烟会致癌。3.Haveyoufinishedcorrectingstudents’papers?4.We’dbetterputoffdiscussingittillnextweek.v-ing形式作表语,定语和宾语补足语的用法•观察探究动名词：主语、宾语、表语、定语=n.V-ing现在分词：表语、定语、状语、补语=a.一.V-ingusedaspredicative（表语）MyjobisteachingyouEnglish.=TeachingyouEnglishismyjob.（动名词作表语，表示主语“myjob”的内容。）Thestoryisverymoving.（现在分词作表语，表示主语“thefilm”的性质、特点，不能和主语互换。）•动名词作表语：对主语的内容进行解释说明，主语和表语的位置常常可以互换；•现在分词作表语：表示主语的性质和特征，主语和表语的位置不可以互换。动名词和现在分词充当表语时的区别Hisactingissointeresting.Hisjobisacting.动名词做表语现在分词做表语MoreexamplesHerhobbyispainting.Thesituationinourcountryisencouraging.Hisachievementisastonishing.Myjobislookingafterthechildren.作表语用的现在分词和进行时态的现在分词的区别Thesituationinourcountryisencouraging.(系表结构)Thesituationinourcountryisencouragingthepeople.作表语用的现在分词表示主语的特征和性质，进行时态的分词表示主语正在进行的动作。常用来作表语的ing形式有：astonishing,amusing,confusing,disappointing,boring,encouraging,inspiring,moving,tiring,interesting,surprising等Thereisaswimmingpool.“一个游泳池”=Thereisapoolforswimming.二.V-ingusedasattribute（定语）现在分词，“正在…的”Thereisaswimminggirl.“一个正在游泳的女孩”=Thereisagirlwhoisswimming.动名词，表示名词的属性或用途drinkingwater=waterfordrinking饮用水awalkingstick=astickforwalking手杖areadingroom=aroomforreading阅览室awritingdesk=adeskforwriting写字台动名词做定语flyingkitesboilingwateradancinggirl现在分词做定语Hesawaflyingbird.Themanspeakingtotheteacherisourmonitor’sfather.单个词的现在分词作定语，作前置定语;现在分词短语则作后置定语，相当于一个定语从句。Theylivedinaroomfacingthestreet.=Theylivedinaroomthatfacesthestreet.他们住在一间面朝街的房子。ThemanstandingthereisPeter’sfather.=ThemanwhoisstandingthereisPeter’sfather.站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。Moreexamples1.放在感官动词后面，如see,hear,feel,smell,watch,find,notice,observe,lookat,listentoWesawtheteacherdoingtheexperiment.Iheardsomeoneknockingthedoor.三.V-ingusedascomplement（补语）Wefindthousandsofhousesfallingintheearthquake.Canyousmellanythingburning?Ashespoke,heobservedeverybodylookingathimcuriously.Listentothebirdssinging.Ididn’tnoticehimwaiting.Moreexamples名师点津see,hear,feel,watch等动词之后用-ing形式和不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别：Wepassedbytheclassmatesandsawtheteachermakingtheexperiment.我们走过教室，看见老师在做实验。（只在走过教室的刹那间，看见老师正在做实验）①前者表示动作正在进行，而后者表示（或强调）动作从开始到结束的全过程。如:Wesatanhourandwatchedtheteachermaketheexperiment.我们坐了一个小时，看老师做实验。（一个小时之内一直在看老师作实验）•2位于表示指使意义的动词后，常见的有have,make,let,get,keep,set,catch,leave等如：Eatingshoesmouthfulwithgreatenjoymentmakesthesadsituationentertaining.•2位于表示指使意义的动词后，常见的有have,make,let,get,keep,set,catch,leave等如：Iwon’thaveyoudoingthat.Thissetmethinking.I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.Ican’tgettheclockgoingagain.Youwon’tcatchmedoingthatagain.你看吧，我决不会做那种事了。1.Canyousmellanythingburning?(宾语)2.Wewon’thaveyoudoingthat.(宾语)3.Nooneisallowedtospeakinthereadingroom.4.Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitinglong.(宾语)5.IhaveafriendlivinginLondon.6.Myhobbyisswimming.宾补宾补表语定语宾补定语2020年6月17日星期三28ExplainthefollowingphrasesinsimpleEnglish.asleepingbagasleepingboyadrinkingcupadrinkinghorseAbagforsleepingAboythatissleepingAcupfordrinkingAhorsethatisdrinking2020年6月17日星期三29adancinghalladancinggirlacookingpotamovingstoryAhallfordancingAgirlthatisdancingApotforcookingAstorythatismoving2020年6月17日星期三30awashingmachineAterrifyingsoundanoperatingtableaninspiringleaderAmachineforwashingAsoundthatisterrifyingAtableforoperatingAleaderwhoisinspiring2020年6月17日星期三315.WeareallfondofCharlie’searlyfilms,whichwethinkaremoreinterested.6.ImissedtoseethebeginningofthefilmCityLightstheotherday.7.Iwouldn’tmindtoseeTheGoldRushagainwithyoutonight.interestingseeingseeingPleasereadthesentencescarefully,tryingtopickouttheerrorsandthencorrectthem.2020年6月17日星期三32从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Don’tleavethewater_______whileyoubrushyourteeth.A.runB.runningC.beingrunD.torun2020年6月17日星期三332.TellMarythatthere’ssomeone____forheratthedoor.A.waitingB.waitedC.waitsD.towait3.The_______waitercameuptousandsaid,“Youarewelcome.”A.smilingB.smiledC.smileD.tosmile