防火墙技术的应用研究

防火墙技术的应用研究摘要随着互联网的飞速发展，越来越多的企业和用户连接到互联网中。人们在充分享受着互联网所带来的方便和高效的同时，也不断受到各种计算机病毒感染和黑客恶意攻击的侵扰。在网络安全解决方案中，建立或设置防火墙是一个非常关键和有效的环节。而本文则设计和实现了一个面向校园，企业，数据中心级的网关型防火墙,并为它们提供可靠的安全保护。本文首先论述了防火墙的背景知识，包括防火墙的基本概念和防火墙技术的发展情况等。然后对设计这款防火墙所需要的主要技术进行了详细介绍，包括访问控制列表技术，网络地址转换技术、抗病毒攻击技术、安全域技术、虚拟防火墙技术、与服务器的联动技术、日志记录分析技术等。访问控制列表技术，网络地址转换技术、抗病毒攻击技术能很好的满足校园及企业的需求，而安全域技术、虚拟防火墙技术则对数据中心的安全需求提供了强大的功能支持；日志的记录与查询为整个网络的监控提供了所有信息的记录；与服务器的联动不仅能提供强大的功能扩展，还能减轻防火墙的负担。在此基础上，以我设计的防火墙为例，从防火墙的各项功能着手，分析并设计防火墙功能的实现方法及相应的软件配置。并通过各项测试来验证防火墙的功能，全文比较完整地叙述了此款防火墙的技术特点及性能。关键词：防火墙，安全保护，访问控制列表技术，虚拟防火墙IITheResearchofFirewallTechnologyApplicationABSTRACTWiththerapiddevelopmentofInternet,manyenterpriseusersandsingleusersconnecttoit.PeopleenjoytheconvenienceandgreatefficiencybroughtbytheInternet,atthesametime,theircomputersarecontinuallysufferedfrommanykindsofcomputervirusandhackers’attack.Oneoftheeffectualandimportantsolutionsfornetworksecurityistosetfirewall.Andthepaperistodesignandimplementagatewayfirewallforthecampus,enterpriseandthedatacenter.Thefirewallcanprovidethemwithreliablesecurityprotection.Thispaperfirstdiscussesthebackgroundoffirewall,includingthebasicnotionoffirewallandthesituationaboutthedevelopmentoffirewalltechnology.Thenitspecifiesthemaintechnologiestodesignthepersonalfirewall,suchasaccesscontrollisttechnology,networkaddresstranslationtechnology,antiviralattacktechnology,securitydomaintechnologyandvirtualfirewalltechnology,theserversandlinkagetechnology,loganalysistechniqueandsoon.Accesscontrollisttechnology,networkaddresstranslationtechnology,antiviralattacktechnologycanwellmeetthedemandofcampusandenterprise;thesecuritydomaintechnologyandthevirtualfirewalltechnologyprovideaapowerfulsupportforthesecurityrequirementsofdatacenter;Logrecordsfortheentirenetworkwithinquiresmonitorprovidesallinformationrecords;Interactionwiththeservernotonlyprovidespowerfulextensions,butalsoreducetheburdenonthefirewall.Onthisbasis,thefirewallinmydesignasanexample,toanalyzeanddesigntheimplementationmethodsofthefirewallfunctionsandthecorrespondingsoftwareconfiguration.Andthroughvariousteststoverifythefunctionofafirewall,thetextofthissectionmorecompletelydescribethetechnicalfeaturesandperformanceofthefirewall.KEYWORDS：Firewall,securityprotection,Accesscontrollist,virtualfirewallIII目录摘要........................................................................................................................................IIIABSTRACT...............................................................................................................................II1绪论........................................................................................................................................11.1课题研究的背景..............................................................................................................................11.2课题研究的意义..............................................................................................................................11.3课题研究的主要内容......................................................................................................................12网络安全................................................................................................................................22.1网络安全概述..................................................................................................................................22.2认识安全威胁..................................................................................................................................22.3降低安全威胁..................................................................................................................................33防火墙的概述........................................................................................................................53.1防火墙的基本知识..........................................................................................................................53.2防火墙的实现技术..........................................................................................................................73.3防火墙的种类..................................................................................................................................83.4防火墙的工作方式........................................................................................................................123.5国内外防火墙厂商........................................................................................................................134防火墙功能设计..................................................................................................................144.1防火墙的登陆管理设计................................................................................................................144.2访问控制列表技术........................................................................................................................144.3NAT技术.......................................................................................................................................164.4日志分析及记录.........................