2016届高考英语总复习专题课件冠词.ppt

考点一基本用法1.定冠词的基本用法(1)用于特指一定的人、事物或上下文提到的人、事物。如：Iwokeupwithabadheadache,yetbytheeveningthepainhadgone.(2)在表示世界上独一无二的事物前。如：Themoonturnsroundtheearth.Driversalwayssitontheleftofbuses.(3)在单数名词前，表示某一类别或某项发明。如：Thetigerisadangerousanimal.(4)在由普通名词构成的专有名词前及表示江、河、湖、海、山川、群岛等的名词前。如：WearesaidtobelivingintheInformationAge,atimeofnewdiscoveriesandgreatchanges.(5)在序数词前、形容词最高级前或用于特指“两者中较……的一个”。如：Asisknowntoall,thePeople’sRepublicofChinaisthebiggestdevelopingcountryintheworld.(6)在方位名词前、某些习惯用语或表示时间的词组中：ontheleft,intheeast/west,ontheotherhand,intheend,theotherday等。(7)在形容词前表示一类人或事物。如：thepoor/rich/young/dying/good/unknown等。(8)在姓氏复数形式前，表示全家人或夫妇二人。如：TheSmithsaresittingatthetable.(9)在表示度量单位的名词前，表示“每一”。如：—It’ssaidJohnwillbeinajobpayingover$60,000ayear.—Right,hewillalsogetpaidbytheweek.口诀记忆the的用法特指熟悉与复述，独一无二全用the。方位乐器名词前，序数形最乐位惯。复数姓氏与专有，习惯用语最后添。2.不定冠词的基本用法(1)用在可数名词前表示“一个”，含义上相当于“one”。如：Thedevelopmentofindustryhasbeenagradualprocessthroughouthumanexistence,fromstonetoolstomoderntechnology.(2)与单数可数名词连用，表示某一类人或事物；亦可泛指某一类人或事物中的“任何一个”。如：Itisgenerallyacceptedthataboymustlearntostandupandfightlikeaman.(3)用在抽象名词或物质名词前，表示“一种，一次，一类”等意义。如：Hehadastrongdislikeforcoldweather.(4)用在序数词前，表示“再一，又一”。如：Hemissedthegoldinthehighjump,butwillgetasecondchanceinthelongjump.(5)用在专有名词前，相当于“一位，一个，某位，某个”或“……式的人”。如：ExpertsthinkthattherecentlydiscoveredpaintingmaybeaPicasso.(6)用在某些固定词组中：allofasudden,asamatteroffact,gooutforawalk,haveagoodtime,makeadifference,makealiving,haveanideaof,haveagoodknowledgeof等。如：Idon’tunderstandwhattheengineermeans,butI’vegotaroughideaoftheprojectplan.(7)用在季节、月份、星期或节日的名词前，表示某个特定的季节、月份、日子或节日。如：TheaccidenthappenedonarainySundaytowardstheendofJuly.3.零冠词的用法（不用冠词的情况）(1)复数名词表泛指时，其前不加冠词。如：TheSmithsdon’tusuallylikestayingathotels,butlastsummertheyspentafewdaysataverynicehotelbythesea.(2)可数名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格时，其前不用冠词。如：Jack’sEnglishbookislyingonhisdesk.(3)专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词和表示人名、地名等的名词前，通常不用冠词。如：Sarahlookedatthefinishedpaintingwithsatisfaction.(4)表示季节、月份、星期、节日、一日三餐的名词前，以及表示体育运动项目、学科、运输或通讯方式等的名词前，通常不用冠词。如：We’regoingtowatchamatchonSunday.(5)表示职务、头衔的名词作表语、同位语、补足语等时，其前不用冠词。如：SamhasbeenappointedmanageroftheengineeringdepartmenttotakeplaceofGeorge.(6)在某些固定搭配中,如：atdawn,onsecondthoughts,cometolight,cometopower,givebirthto,outofcontrol,inpublic,aheadoftime,indebt,handinhand,inplaceof,doharmto等。无冠词有冠词onoffice执政intheoffice在办公室inprison坐牢inthe/aprison在监狱gotochurch去做礼拜gotothechurch去教堂gotosea当水手gotothesea去海边inchargeof负责，管理inthechargeof由……负责outofquestion不成问题outofthequestion不可能4.有无冠词意义迥异的短语考点二习语、固定短语中的冠词1.不定冠词用于短语搭配中。(1)“have/take＋a(n)＋与动词同形的名词”，表示动作的一次。have/takearest休息一会儿have/takealook看一下have/takeabath洗个澡(2)“gooutfora(n)＋名词”，表示从事某项活动。gooutforanouting去郊游gooutforapicnic去野餐(3)习惯搭配。asamatteroffact;inahurry;inaword;awasteof;inaway;cometoanend;allofasudden;havea(n)...knowledgeof;havea(n)...understanding/grasp/feelingoff2.定冠词用于固定搭配。inthemorning;ontheotherhand;onthecontrary;ontheair;intheend;cometothepoint;theABCof...3.在一些固定短语中，名词前不用冠词。atnight;athome;dayafterday;bytelephone;indanger;onpurpose;outofcontrol;under＋n.;behometo1.Ican’ttellyou_____waytotheWilson’sbecausewedon’thave_____Wilsonhereinthevillage.A.the;aB.a;不填C.a;theD.the;不填2.TheychoseTomtobe_____captainoftheteambecausetheyknewhewas_____smartleader.A.a;theB.the;theC.the;aD.a;a3.The“ChineseDream”is_____dreamtoimprovepeople’swell-beingand_____dreamofharmony,peaceanddevelopment.A.the;aB.a;aC.a;theD.the;the4.MarcoPoloissaidtohavesailedon_____PacificOceanonhiswaytoJavain_____thirteenthcentury.A.the;aB.a;不填C.不填;theD.the;the5.Peopledevelop_____preferenceforaparticularstyleoflearningat_____earlyageandthesepreferencesaffectlearning.A.a;anB.a;不填C.不填;theD.the;anⅠ.选择填空。1.As_____matteroffact,Idon’tknowwhoinvented_____steamengineeither.A.a;不填B.a;theC.the;不填D.the;the2.What_____pitythatyoucan’tgoto_____theatrewithustonight.A.a;theB.a;不填C.不填;theD.不填;不填3.Theaccidenthappenedon_____Saturdayoflastmonthbecauseallofmychildrendidn’tgoto_____school.A.不填;不填B.不填;theC.a;theD.a;不填4.JackwillcometoNewYorkby_____airtomorrow,whereheisinvitedtoplay_____partofJulietinthenewfilm.A.the;aB.the;theC.不填;aD.不填;the5.AfterObamawaschosenas_____PresidentoftheUnitedStates,hisfirstspeechmade_____strongimpressiononme.A.the;不填B.不填;aC.the;aD.不填;不填Ⅱ.用适当的冠词填空。1.TunisiaachievedindependencefromFrenchcolonialruleafter_____longstruggle.2.Youwouldn’thavecaughtsuch_____badcoldifyouhadn’tbeencaughtin_____rain.aathe3.Ifyougobytrain,youcanhavequiteacomfortablejourney,butmakesureyouget_____fastone.4.Youreallyoughttomake_____mostoftheopportunity,becauseyouwon’tget_____secondchance.5.Iknowtheaccidenthappenedon_____Saturdayoflastmonthbecausenoneofmychildrenwenttoschool.aaatheⅢ.单句改错。1.Afterahourorsowebegantofeelveryfrightened.2.Idecidedtoclimbthetreetoseewherewewere.3.Modernpeopleknowmoreaboutthehealth,havebetterfood,andliveinclearersurroundings.ana4.Maybeyoucouldcomeduringawinterholidays.5.Eachplayermustobeycaptain,whoistheleaderoftheteam.thethe