循环流化床富氧燃烧技术进展

循环流化床富氧燃烧技术进展段伦博赵长遂东南大学东南大学BritishAntarcticSurvey:各国CO2排放量中国煤、石油、天然气的碳排放量以及碳强度变化中美气候变化公报中国：2030年GHG达到排放峰值，达到排放峰值，非化石能源份额提高到20%；2030年单位GDP碳排放比2005年减少60~65%.第21届联合国气候变化大会《巴黎协定》指出，各方将加强对气候变化威《巴黎协定》指出，各方将加强对气候变化威胁的全球应对，把全球平均气温较工业化前水平升高控制在2摄氏度之内，并为把升温控制在1.5摄氏度之内而努力。燃料适应性Fuelflexibility高效燃用劣质燃料Potentialtorealize循环流化床富氧燃烧的优点highefficientcombustionoflowgradefuel紧凑锅炉尺寸Morecompactfurncesize无需新燃烧器Donotneednew-designedburnerburner多污染协同控制Simultaneouslypollutantcontrol循环流化床富氧燃烧流程工作思路我国循环流化床富氧燃烧的发展线路1.0MWtoxy-CFBwithhighO2concentration2.5MWtIBHX-CFBcombustor2.0MWtmulti-functionaloxy-CFBsystemStudycombustioncharacteristic,emissionofsolidfuelAtransparentFBtostudythemechanismofcoalcombustioninoxy-FBBatchoxy-CFBinZJUSinglesparticlecombustionfacility6kWt&50kWtoxy-CFBsystem20162014201250kWtwarm-recycleOxy-CFBsystemThebeginningofoxy-CFBresearchinChina2.0MWtoxy-CFBcombustorwitha100kg/hbubblingbedpyrolysisreactorcharacteristic,emissionofsolidfuel2007~2009201020032010Thefirstpilotoxy-CFBwithfluegasrecycleinChinaDevelopthein-bedheatexchangerforhighO2concentrationapplicationCompletedbyChineseAcademyofScience,O2concentration:21~50%1.富氧气氛流态化条件下单颗粒的燃烧机理SingleparticlecombustioninFluidizedbed2.实验室规模的循环流化床富氧煤燃烧实验Benchscaleoxy-东南大学主要工作fuelcirculatingfluidizedbedstudy3.50kWt循环流化床氧/温烟气循环燃烧中试研究50kWtoxy-fuelcirculatingfluidizedbedcombustorwithfluegasrecycle4.面向高氧浓度的新型2.5MWtIBHX-CFB中试研究2.5MWtIBHX-CFBcombustorstudyforhighO2concentrationapplication5.2.0MWt面向零排放的循环流化床富氧燃烧中试研究5.2.0MWt面向零排放的循环流化床富氧燃烧中试研究2.0MWtmulti-functionaloxy-fuelcirculatingfluidizedbedcombustorwithfluegasrecycle6.增压流化床富氧燃烧Pressurizedoxy-FBCcombustionstudy1.单颗粒流化床富氧燃烧实验SingleparticlecombustioninFluidizedbed——揭示了气氛对脱挥发分、挥发分燃烧、焦炭燃烧的影响机理2.循环流化床O2/CO2燃烧小试研究Benchscaleoxy-fuelcirculatingfluidizedbedstudy——揭示了CO2/H2O气氛对燃烧效率及S/N、重金属、PM2.5和痕量元素等污染物析出排放的影响规律CycloneGasanalyzerBagfilterGascoolerTemp,pressure4Externalheater3Temp,pressure5RetrunlegSecondaryzoneExternalheater2LoopsealCoalfeederSecondarystreamPrimaryzoneTransitionzoneExternalheater1Temp,pressure1Temp,pressure2Temp,pressure3Temp,pressure46kWtBenchCFBsystemPrimarystreamPrimaryzoneTemp,pressure1Temp,pressure050kWtBenchCFBsystem采用模拟气氛，研究了包括烟煤、无烟煤、生物质和石油焦等多种燃料.30405060Desulfurizationefficiency,L(%)airatmosphere灰中钙形态的表征阐明了实际运行中富氧气氛下脱硫机理10152025303035404550Selfretentionefficiency,s(%)Unburntcarboncontent(%)202530354001020Desulfurizationefficiency,O2concentration(.%byvolume)airatmosphereO2/CO2atmosphereCalciumspeciationintheash2025303540052025Selfretentionefficiency,Unburntcarboncontent(%)O2concentration(.%byvolume)Unburntcarboncontent:airatmosphere,flyash;O2/CO2atmosphere,flyash;airatmosphere,bottomash;O2/CO2atmosphere,bottomashSelf-retentionefficiency:airatmosphere;O2/CO2atmosphereSelf-retentionefficiencyofbituminouscoalDesulfurizationefficiencyoflimestone1.0Calciumspeciationintheash8108408709000.20.40.60.8直接硫酸化CO2分压(atm)温度（℃）先煅烧，后硫酸化气氛中的水蒸气促进了扩散控制阶段的直接硫化速度Steamenrichmenthasanegligibleeffectonthelimestonesulfationduringthekinetically-controlledregimewhilecontrolledregimewhileenhancesthecalciumconversionduringthediffusion-controlledstage.DuanLunbo,etal.InvestigationDuanLunbo,etal.Investigationonwatervaporeffectondirectsulfationduringwet-recycleoxy-coalcombustion,AppliedEnergy,108:121-127,August2013CO2和H2O主要通过改变煤颗粒温度而不是氧化还原气氛来影响PM2.5的生成EvaporationandfinefragmentationarethemaincausesforPM2.5formationandtheatmosphereandtheatmosphereaffectsPM2.5emissionbychangingthechartemperature.ChengruiQu,ChangsuiZhao,WuZhou,LunboDuan.EmissionpropertiesofPM2.5propertiesofPM2.5derivedfromCFBunderO2/CO2atmosphere.ProceedingsoftheCombustionInstitute,2010,33(2):2829-2835.0.81.01.2Relativeenrichmentfactorairatmosphere21%O2/79%CO230%O2/70%CO21.01.21.4airatmosphere21%O2/79%CO230%O2/70%CO2Relativeenrichmentfactor痕量元素AsBaCdCrCuMnPb0.00.20.40.6RelativeenrichmentfactorAnthracitebottomashAsBaCdCrCuMnPb0.00.20.40.60.8RelativeenrichmentfactorBituminouscoalbottomash从空气气氛切换到相同氧浓度的富氧气氛时富集因子的变化.AnthraciteBituminouscoalFlyashBottomashFlyashBottomAshIncreaseAs、Ba、Cd、Cu、PbAs、PbBa、Cd、Cr、MnAs、Cu、PbDecreaseCr、MnBa、Cd、Cu、Cr、MnAs、Cu、PbBa、Cd、Cr、Mn影响机理很复杂.3.50kWt氧/温烟气循环中试试验Pilottestson50kWtoxy-fuelcirculatingfluidizedbedwithwarmfluegasrecycle——验证了系统经济性和安全性、实现了多种污染物的协同控制Schematicdiagram中试运行画面2000300040005000P2-P3/Pa46810C1,O2concentrationintheoutletofcycloneConcentration/%C2,O2concentrationintheoutletofRFGfanAircombustionOxy-CFBcombustion安全氧切换、低漏气、高CO2浓度-20246810121401000Time/hourStablefluidization01234502O2Concentration/%Time/hourLowairingressOxygenconcentrationandbedtemperatureEasytransitionAir-combustionOxy-combustionair-combustionoxy-combustionair-combustionoxy-combustionDensebedtemperature,T2oC881891866889857884Furnaceexittemperature,T7oC890863862919906904UnitItemUSBituminouscoalChineseBituminouscoalChinesePetroleumcoke高燃烧效率、低SO2/NOx/CO排放Furnaceexittemperature,T7oC890863862919906904FurnaceexitO2concentration,C1%4.33.66.26.93.66.8OverallO2concentration,C3%21.022.221.023.421.023.1Unburntcarboninflyash%21.420.819.617.523.822.6SO2concentrationppm1387178