语言学-选择判断题

CHAPTER1I.Decidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse:T1.Linguisticsisgenerallydefinedasthescientificstudyoflanguage.F2.Ascientificstudyoflanguageisbasedonwhatthelinguistthinks.T3.GenerallinguisticsisgenerallythestudyoflanguageasawholeT4.Phoneticsisdifferentfromphonologyinthatthelatterstudiesthecombinationsofthesoundstoconveymeaningincommunication.T5.Thestudyofthewaysinwhichmorphemescanbecombinedtoformwordsiscalledmorphology.T6.AppliedlinguisticsistheapplicationoflinguisticprinciplesandtheoriestolanguageteachingandlearningT7Competenceandperformancereferrespectivelytoalanguageuser’sunderlyingknowledgeaboutthesystemofrulesandtheactualuseoflanguageinconcreteF8Languageisameansofverbalcommunication.Therefore,thecommunicationwayusedbythedeaf-muteisnotlanguageT9.BydiachronicstudywemeantostudythechangesanddevelopmentoflanguageF10.Languagechangeisuniversal,ongoingandarbitraryF11.Thereisuniversalagreementabouttheoriginoflanguage.F12.Petdogscanspeakhumanlanguages.F13.Allhumaninfantscanspeaksomelanguage.F14.Bycreativitywemeanthecreativeuseoflanguageasoftenpracticedbypoets.F15.Withdifferentculturestherewillbedifferentlanguages.T16.Notallusesoflanguagearemeanttoconveynewinformation.III.Therearefourchoicesfollowingeachstatement.Markthechoicethatcanbestcompletethestatement.1.Ifalinguisticstudydescribesandanalyzesthelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,itissaidtobe______________.A.prescriptiveB.analyticC.descriptiveD.linguistic2.Whichofthefollowingisnotadesignfeatureofhumanlanguage?A.ArbitrarinessB.DisplacementC.DualityD.Meaningfulness3.Modernlinguisticsregardsthewrittenlanguageas____________.A.primaryB.correctC.secondaryD.stable4.Thefunctionofthesentence“waterboilat100degreescentigrade”AinterrogativeBdirectiveCinformativeDperformative5.Ahistoricalstudyoflanguageisa____studyoflanguage.A.synchronicB.diachronicC.prescriptiveD.comparative6.Languageisasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsforhuman__________.AcontactBcommunicationCrelationDcommunity7.Languagesis_______AinstinctiveBnon-instinctiveCstaticDgeneticallytransmitted8.Alinguistregardsthechangeinlanguageandlanguageuseas_______AunnaturalBsomethingtobefearedCnaturalDabnormal9.WhichofthefollowingwordsisentirelyarbitraryAtreeBcrashCtypewriterDbang10.Inmodernlinguistics,speechisregardedasmorebasicthanwriting,because___________.A.inlinguisticevolution,speechispriortowritingB.speechplaysagreaterrolethanwritingintermsoftheamountofinformationconveyed.C.speechisalwaysthewayinwhicheverynativespeakeracquireshismothertongueD.AlloftheaboveCHAPTER2I.DecidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsisTrueorFalse:T1.VoicingisaphonologicalfeaturethatdistinguishesmeaninginbothChineseandEnglish.F2.Iftwophoneticallysimilarsoundsoccurinthesameenvironmentsandtheydistinguishmeaning,theyaresaidtobeincomplementarydistribution.F3.Aphoneisaphoneticunitthatdistinguishesmeaning.F4.EnglishisatonelanguagewhileChineseisnot.T5.Inlinguisticevolution,speechispriortowriting.T6.Ineverydaycommunication,speechplaysagreaterrolethanwritingintermsoftheamountofinformationconveyed.F7.Articulatoryphoneticstriestodescribethephysicalpropertiesofthestreamofsoundswhichaspeakerissueswiththehelpofamachinecalledspectrograph.F8.Thearticulatoryapparatusofahumanbeingarecontainedinthreeimportantareas:thethroat,themouthandthechest.T9.Vibrationofthevocalcordsresultsinaqualityofspeechsoundscalledvoicing.F10.Englishconsonantscanbeclassifiedintermsofplaceofarticulationandthepartofthetonguethatisraisedthehighest.F11.Accordingtothemannerofarticulation,someofthetypesintowhichtheconsonantscanbeclassifiedarestops,fricatives,bilabialandalveolar.T12.Vowelsoundscanbedifferentiatedbyanumberoffactors:thepositionoftongueinthemouth,theopennessofthemouth,theshapeofthelips,andthelengthofthevowels.F13.Accordingtotheshapeofthelips,vowelscanbeclassifiedintoclosevowels,semi-closevowels,semi-openvowelsandopenvowels.F14.Anysoundproducedbyahumanbeingisaphoneme.F15.Phonesarethesoundsthatcandistinguishmeaning.F16.Phonologyisconcernedwithhowthesoundscanbeclassifiedintodifferentcategories.T17.Abasicwaytodeterminethephonemesofalanguageistoseeifsubstitutingonesoundforanotherresultsinachangeofmeaning.F18.Whentwodifferentformsareidenticalineverywayexceptforonesoundsegmentwhichoccursinthesameplaceinthestrings,thetwowordsaresaidtoformaphonemiccontrast.T19.Therulesgoverningthephonologicalpatterningarelanguagespecific.T20.Distinctivefeaturesofsoundsegmentscanbefoundrunningoverasequenceoftwoormorephonemicsegments.III.Therearefourchoicesfollowingeachofthestatementsbelow.Markthechoicethatcanbestcompletethestatement:35．Ofallthespeechorgans,the_______is/arethemostflexible.A.mouthB.lipsC.tongueD.vocalcords36．Thesoundsproducedwithoutthevocalcordsvibratingare____sounds.A.voicelessB.voicedC.vowelD.consonantal37．__________isavoicedalveolarstop.A./z/B./d/C./k/D./b/38．Theassimilationruleassimilatesonesoundtoanotherby“copying”afeatureofasequentialphoneme,thusmakingthetwophones____________.A.identicalB.sameC.exactlyalikeD.similar39．Since/p/and/b/arephoneticallysimilar,occurinthesameenvironments