2020版导与练一轮复习语言知识必修1Unit2能力提升题组训练BWord版含解析

能力提升题组训练(B)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2018苏锡常镇调研)Ascountlessunmadebedsandunfinishedhomeworkassignmentsprove,kidsneedrules.Yethowparentsmakedemandscanpowerfullyinfluenceachild’ssocialskills,psychologistsattheUniversityofVirginiarecentlyfoundaftertheconclusionofastudyinvestigatingthetransitionfromadolescencetoadulthood.Initially18413-year-oldsfilledoutmultiplesurveys,includingonetoassesshowoftentheirparentsemployedpsychologicallycontrollingstrategies,suchasinducingguiltorthreateningtowithdrawaffection.Thekidsrated,forexample,howtypicalitwouldbeforDadtosuggestthat“ifIreallycaredforhim,Iwouldnotdothingsthatcausedhimtoworry”orforMomtobecome“lessfriendlywhenIdidnotseethingsherway.”Theresearchersfollowedupwiththesubjectsatages18and21,askingtheyoungadultstobringalongaclosefriendand,later,aromanticpartneriftheyhadone.Thesepairswereaskedtoanswerhypothetical(假设的)questionsthatwerepurposefullywrittentoinspireadifferenceofopinion.“Wewantedtoseewhethertheycouldnavigateadisagreementinahealthyway,”saysstudyleaderBarbaraOudekerk,nowattheU.S.DepartmentofJustice’sbureauofstatistics.IntheOctoberissueofChildDevelopment,Oudekerkandhercolleaguesreportthatthe13-year-oldswhohadhighlycontrollingparentsstruggledinfriendlydisagreementsatage18.Theyhaddifficultystatingtheiropinionsinaconfident,reasonedmannerincomparisontothekidswithoutcontrollingparents.Andwhentheydidspeakup,theyoftenfailedtoexpressthemselvesinwarmandproductiveways.Theresearcherssuspectthatpushyparentsruintheirchild’sabilitytolearnhowtoarguehisorherownviewpointinotherrelationships.Althoughparentsdoneedtosetboundaries,domineeringstrategiesimplythatanydisagreementwilldamagethebonditself.Separatefindingssuggestthatparentswhoexplainthereasonsbehindtheirrulesandturndisagreementsintoconversationsleaveyoungstersbetterpreparedforfuturearguments.Theconsequencesoftenseordomineeringrelationshipsappeartogetworsewithtime.Thisstudyalsofoundthatsocialdifficultiesat18predictedevenpoorercommunicationabilitiesatage21.PsychologistShmuelShulmanofBar-IlanUniversityinIsrael,whodidnotparticipateinthework,thinkstheseconclusionsconvincinglyrevealhowrelationshippatterns“carryforward”intonewfriendships.1.Whatwillhappentotheteenagerswithpushyparents?A.Theylosesocialskills.B.Theyhavetroublepresentingopinions.C.Theyexpressthemselvesinanaggressiveway.D.Theyfailtoinspireadifferenceofopinion.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“domineering”inParagraph5mean?A.alternativeB.conservativeC.powerfulD.forceful3.Itcanbeinferredfromthefindingsthatparentsshould.A.communicatewithchildrenwhensettingrulesB.learnnewwaystoestablishnewfriendshipsC.seekmorecontrollingstrategiesD.helpchildrendevelopabilitiestofollowrules.语篇解读:本文是说明文。讲述了强势的父母培养出来的孩子在观点表达方面往往比较困难,与他人沟通存在障碍。答案及剖析:1.B细节理解题。根据第四段“Theyhaddifficultystatingtheiropinions...inwarmandproductiveways”和第五段“Theresearcherssuspect...inotherrelationships”可知强势的父母培养出来的孩子在观点表达方面有困难。2.D猜测词义题。根据画线单词后的“anydisagreementwilldamagethebonditself,”及前一句中的“pushy”可知画线单词意为“强势的”。3.A推理判断题。根据第五段“Separatefindingssuggest...forfuturearguments”可知父母应与孩子交流规则背后的原因,故选A。BAboutaquarteroftheworlddrivesontheleft,andthecountriesthatdoaremostlyoldBritishcolonies(殖民地)likeAustraliaandIreland.ButThailand,IndonesiaandJapanalsodoso.Thisstrangequirk(奇事)puzzlestherestoftheworld;however,thereisaperfectlygoodreason.Uptothelate1700’s,everybodytravelledontheleftsideoftheroadbecauseit’sthemostsensibleoptionforfeudal(封建的),violentsocietieswithmostlyright-handedpeople.Soldierswiththeirswordsundertheirrightarmnaturallypassedoneachother’sright,andifyoupassedastrangerontheroad,youwalkedonthelefttoensurethatyourprotectiveswordarmwasbetweenyourselfandhim.RevolutionaryFrance,however,overturnedthispracticeaspartofitssweepingsocialrethink.AchangewascarriedoutallovercontinentalEuropebyNapoleon.ItchangedunderNapoleonbecausehewasleft-handed.Hisarmieshadtomarchontherightsohecouldkeephisswordarmbetweenhimandanyopponent.Fromthenon,anypartofcolonizedbytheFrenchtravelledontheright.AftertheAmericanRevolutionaryWar(1775—1783),theUSbecameindependentanddecidedtomaketrafficdriveontherightinordertocastoffallremaininglinkswithitsBritishcolonialpast.AsAmericabecamethecenterofthecarindustry,ifyouwantedagoodreliablevehicle,youboughtAmericanright-hand-drivecars.Fromthenon,manycountrieschangedoutofnecessity.Today,theEUwouldlikeBritaintofallintolinewiththerestofEurope,butthisisnolongerpossible.Itwouldcostbillionsofpoundstochangeeverythinground.ThelastEuropeancountrytochangedrivingontherightwasSwedenin1967.Whileeveryonewasgettingusedtothenewsystem,theypaidmoreattentionandtookmorecare,resultinginareductionofthenumberofroadaccidents.4.Whydidpeopletravelontheleftbeforethelate18thcentury?A.Theywererequiredtodoso.B.Theyweremostlyleft-handed.C.Itwaseasiertocrossthestreet.D.Theycouldfeelsaferfromattacks.5.WhatwasNapoleon’sattitudetowalkingontheleft?A.Support.B.Disapproval.C.Doubt.D.Sympathy.6.ForAmericans,drivingontherightwasawaytoshow.A.theconnectionwithFrancewasbrokenB.theUSwasnolongerruledbytheUKC.theAmericanRevolutionWarhadendedD.Americawasthecenterofthecarindustry7.Whatisthemai