2020版导与练一轮复习语言知识必修3Unit1能力提升题组训练AWord版含解析

必修3Unit1Theworldofoursenses能力提升题组训练(A)Ⅰ.阅读理解(2018北京海淀区高三二模)WhyDoPeopleBlinkTheirEyes?Peopleblink(眨眼)theireyestensofthousandsoftimeseveryday.Scientistshavelongbelievedblinkingwasaninvoluntarymovementandservedmainlytokeeptheeyeballswet.Butanewstudysuggestsithasamoreimportantpurpose.AninternationalteamofscientistsfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeleystudiedtheblinkingofhumaneyelids.ThejournalCurrentBiologypublishedtheirfindings.Theteamsaidtheyfoundthatblinking“repositionsoureyeballssowecanstayfocused”onwhatweareseeing.Theysaidthatwhenweblinkoureyelids,theeyesrollbackintotheirsockets—thebonyareathatsurroundsandprotectstheeyes.However,theresearchersfoundtheeyesdon’talwaysreturntothesameposition.Theysaidthiscausesthebraintotelltheeyemusclestoreorganizeoureyesight.GerritMausistheleadwriterofthereport.HeservesasanassistantprofessorofpsychologyatNanyangTechnologicalUniversityinSingapore.Maussaid,“Oureyemusclesarequitesluggish(迟缓的)andimprecise,sothebrainneedstoconstantlyadaptitsmotorsignalstomakesureoureyesarepointingwherethey’resupposedto.Ourfindingssuggestedthatthebrainmeasuresthedifferenceinwhatweseebeforeandafterablink,andcommandstheeyemusclestomaketheneededcorrections.”Theresearcherssaidthatwithoutsuchcorrectionsoursurroundingswouldappearunclearandevenjumpy.Theysaidthemovementacts“likeasteadicam(摄影机稳定器)ofthemind.”Theresearcherssaidtheyaskedvolunteerstositinadarkroomwhilestaringatasmalldotonaflatsurface.Theyusedspecialcamerastofollowthevolunteers’blinksandeyemovements.Aftereachblink,thedotwasmovedonecentimetertotheright.Thevolunteersdidnotnoticethis,butthebraindid.Itfollowedthemovementanddirectedtheeyemusclestorefocusonthedot.Afterthedotwasmovedinthisway30times,thevolunteers’eyeschangedtheirfocustotheplacewheretheypredicteditwouldbe.ProfessorMaussaid,“Eventhoughparticipantsdidnotconsciouslyregisterthatthedothadmoved,theirbrainsdid,andadjustedwiththecorrectiveeyemovements.Thesefindingsaddtoourunderstandingofhowthebrainconstantlyadaptstochanges,commandingoureyemusclestocorrectforerrorsinourbodies’ownhardware.”1.Accordingtothenewstudy,blinkingeyescan.A.servetokeeptheeyeballswetB.repositioneyeballstostayfocusedC.consciouslycorrecteyemovementsD.makeoureyesadapttomotorsignals2.Fromtheexperiment,wecanlearnthat.A.volunteerscouldseethemovingdotwithspecialcamerasB.theeyeballscouldstayintheplaceastheywerepredictedC.participantswereawareofthedot’smovementstotherightD.thebraincommandedtheeyemusclestorefocusonthedot3.Theunderlinedword“register”inParagraph5probablymeans.A.realizeB.refocusC.reserveD.reason4.Thispassageshowsthat.A.eyemusclesarequiteinactiveandimpreciseB.theresearchisofgreatvalueintheeyemovementC.thebrainplaysanimportantroleinseeingthingsclearlyD.volunteerscontroltheirblinkstofollowthechangesofthedot语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。科学家们认为眼球的不断闪烁有一个更重要的用途——让我们可以保持眼神的集中。答案及剖析:1.B细节理解题。根据Theteamsaidtheyfoundthatblinking“repositionsoureyeballssowecanstayfocused”onwhatweareseeing...Theysaidthiscausesthebraintotelltheeyemusclestoreorganizeoureyesight.可知,眨眼睛是在复位我们的眼球,这样我们可以专注于我们所看到的。故选B。2.D细节理解题。根据Aftereachblink,thedotwasmovedonecentimetertotheright.Thevolunteersdidnotnoticethis,butthebraindid.Itfollowedthemovementanddirectedtheeyemusclestorefocusonthedot.可知,是我们的大脑指挥着眼部肌肉,使得眼球重新聚焦在点上。故选D3.A词义猜测题。本句句意为“即使参与者没有意识到点的移动,但是他们的大脑意识到了,并调整矫正眼球随之运动。”故选A。4.C主旨大意题。由全文内容可知,我们的大脑指挥着眼部肌肉,通过眨眼睛的动作复位我们的眼球,使得眼球重新聚焦在我们看的物体上。所以,大脑在我们看清物体方面起着重要作用。故选C。Ⅱ.七选五(2018安徽合肥联考)Anewreportsaysplasticsareresponsiblefor$13billionindamagetotheoceansandtheunderseaenvironment.ThefindingswereannouncedrecentlyataUnitedNationsconference.1.Plasticthrownawaycarelesslymakesitswayintoriversandotherwaterways.2.Afterawhile,itcollectsinthesea.Andplasticnevergoesaway.Plasticisnotbiodegradable—destroyedbybacteriaornaturalprocesses.Instead,itjustbreaksupintosmallerpiecesovertime.Theoceanscontainalotofchemicalsandotherpollutants(污染物).3.Thatmeansharmfulmaterialmaygetintoourfoodsupply.4.Humanbeingscausepollutionandtheycantakestepstostopit.Theycanusefewersingle-useproductcontainersandthrowplasticsawaycorrectly.Plasticrecyclingprogramsalsowork—whereoldbottlesandotherplasticsarecollected,brokendownandusedtomakenewproducts.Wecouldreusebottlesinourhouseholdsmanytimesifwewishto,ratherthanenditafterthefirstuse.Wecould,whenwegetridofthatplastic,recycleitandreuseit,whichreplacestheneedforrawmaterials.Thereportalsocallsoncompaniestoimprovemethodsforusingplastics.5.Anditcallsforinformationaboutthewayplasticisthrownoutorremovedfromuse.Byputtinganewvalueonplastic,industryhasaspecialreasontocleanuptheenvironment.Butallofthecompaniesmustjointodealwiththeproblem.A.Then,fishmayeattheplastics.B.Butpeoplecanmakeabigdifference.C.Plasticsshouldbegatheredtogetherandreused.D.Itisconvenienttouseplasticbagsineverydaylife.E.Itasksforthemtobettermeasureandcontrolplasticuse.F.Theplasticeventuallyreachescoastalareasandoceanwaters.G.Thereporttellsaboutharmtosealifeandwhatmightbedonetoimprovethesituation.答案:1-5GFABEⅢ.完形填空Wheredoyougowhenyouwanttolearnsomething?School?Afriend?Atutor?Theseareall1placesoflearning.Butitmayw