小学英语语法复习要点2时态

1小学英语语法复习要点（2）--——名词复数与时态一、名词复数规则1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2．以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：knife-knives5．不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice，sheep—sheep,fish-fish,child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese二、一般现在时1．一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作，也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力。2．一般现在时中，没有be动词和情态动词，主语为第三人称单数的肯定句，动词要按规则加上s，主语是非第三人称单数的肯定句，动词用原形。3．在一般现在时中，句中有be动词或情态动词时，否定句在be动词和情态动词后加not，一般疑问句将be动词或情态动词放在句首。4．在一般现在时中，句中没有be动词或情态动词时，主语为第三人称单数的否定句在动词前加does+not(doesn’t)，一般疑问句在句首加does，句子中原有动词用原形；主语为非第三人称单数，否定句用do+not(don’t)，一般疑问句在句首加do，句子中动词用原形。动词+s的变化规则:1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks2．以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies.2三、现在进行时1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。动词加ing的变化规则：1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping四、一般将来时：（一）begoingto=will1．begoingto表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事情。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。2．肯定句：begoingto+动词原形，如：Jimisgoingtoplayfootball.否定句：benotgoingto+动词原形，如：Jimisnotgoingtoplayfootball.一般疑问句：把be动词调到句首，如：IsJimgoingtoplayfootball?特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语+goingto+动词原形？如：WhatisJimgoingtodo?疑问词当主语时：疑问词+be+goingto+动词原形？如：Whoisgoingtoplayfootball?（二）基本结构：①begoingto+动词原形；3.will与begoingto用法一样.（二）注意点：1、否定句：在be动词（am,is,are,was,were）或情态动词will后加not成won’t。例如：I’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.→I’mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.2、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any,and改为or，第一二人称互换。3例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.→Areyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?五、一般过去时1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：⑴am和is在一般过去时中变为was。（wasnot=wasn’t）⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（werenot=weren’t）⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are变化一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子（1）否定句：didn’t+动词原形，如：Jimdidn’tgohomeyesterday.（2）一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：DidJimgohomeyesterday?（3）特殊疑问句：A、疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：WhatdidJimdoyesterday?B、疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Whowenttohomeyesterday?动词过去式变化规则：1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5．不规则动词过去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat。4四类时态练习一般将来时态填空：1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_____________________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What___________________________________________nextMonday?I__________________playbasketball.What_________youdonextMonday?I________playbasketball.3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_____yourmother_______________goshoppingthis___________?Yes,she_________.She________________________buysomefruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面。Whattime_______you___________________meet?一般现在时用法专练一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy_________(be)inClassOne.3.We____________(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick____________(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5.__________they__________(like)theWorldCup(世界杯)?6.What_________theyoften__________(do)onSaturdays?7._________yourparents_________(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl____________(teach)usEnglishonSundays.59.SheandI__________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There___________(be)somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike_____________(like)cooking.12.They____________(have)thesamehobby.13.Myaunt____________(look)afterherbabycarefully.14.Youalways____________(do)yourhomeworkwell.15.I__________(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.16.She_________(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao____________(do)notlikePE.18.Thechildoften___________(watch)TVintheevening.19.SuHaiandSuYang__________(have)eightlessonsthisterm.20.－Whatday__________(be)ittoday?－It’sSaturday.现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_______run________swim________make________go_________like________write________ski_______read________have_______sing________dance____put_________see________buy________love_____live________take_______come_______get_________stop________sit________begin________shop______二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：61.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom.3.Mymother_________________(cook)somenicefoodnow.4.What_____you______(do)now?5.Look.They_______________(have)anEnglishlesson.6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow.7.Look!thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom.8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She_________(listen)tomusic.9.It’s5o’clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.一般过去时练习一、写出下列动词的过去式is\am________fly_______study_______are___