上海牛津七年级第二学期知识点

1.常见后接动词原形的词或短语:whynot/hadbetter/please/wouldyouplease/let/make/情态动词，等等。注意否定形式：hadbetter/wouldyouplease/let直接加not+动原；而please加don’t+动原2.常见后接动词ing的词或短语：finish/enjoy/practice/giveup/keep/prefer…to…/can’thelp（禁不住）/bebusy/beworth（值得）/taketurns（轮流）/spend/havefun/介词后等。3.常见后接带to不定式的词或短语：want/hope/wish/allow/encourage(鼓励)/ask/tell/pretend(假装)/decide/invite/advise/warn/inorder(为了)等等。4.现在完成时A.定义：现在完成时表示到说话时为止（或到现在为止）已经发生或完成了（不一定结束）的动作或状态。B.时间状语：[already,yet,just.][ever,never][since+过去时间since2yearsago,for+一段时间:fortwoyears]C.构成：have/has+done（特例：begin，borrow,buy,die,join,leave）D.用法：肯定句：Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.否定句：Ihaven’tfinishedmyhomeworkyet.疑问句：Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?※havebeento去了回来了havegoneto去了没回来I'vebeentoNewYorkthreetimessofar.Whereislily?ShehasgonetoAmerica.5.反义疑问句A.定义：它表示提问人的看法，没有把握，需要对方证实。B.构成：陈述句+疑问句Theywillgothere,won’tthey?C.用法：前肯后否，前否后肯。D.注意：(1)前后时态一致Theyhaven’tknowneachother,havethey?Hehasdinnerathomeeveryday,doesn’the?(2)含有little,few,never,seldom,hardly等否定意义的词时，句子视为否定。Heseldomtellsalie,doeshe?(3)含有im,un,dis等否定前缀时，句子视为肯定Yourfatherisunhappy,isn’the?(4)对反义疑问句的回答，要根据事实，是就yes,不是就noCathyisreadinganEnglishbooknow,isn’tshe?________,Sheisbusycleaningthewindow.6.haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself7.beusedfordoing=beusedtodo被用来….Scissorsareusedforcuttingthings.=Scissorsareusedtocutthings.8.with表示“配有，带有”thedresswithyellowspotsthejeanswithbluebelt9.wish+sb.+nIwishyouhealthandhappiness10.形式主语A.Itiskind(ofsb.)todosth.常见的有:bad,brave,careless,clever,cruel,foolish,good(好心的),honest,horrible,kind,lazy,modest,naughty,nice(有教养的),polite,rude,silly,stupid,wise,wrong(错误的)等描述人的品性B.Itisnecessary(forsb.)todosth.常见的形容词有：①important,necessary,natural②easy,safe,common,normal,hard,difficult,dangerous,unusual,rare,impossible,pleasant等。10.后接形容词的动词(一般都用副词修饰动词runquickly,但是这些系动词后要接形容词)1Be3变（turn,become,get）Theweathergetscolderandcolder.Hebecameangry.5起来(look,sound,smell,taste,feel)Itsoundsveryinteresting.11.提问Howoften?频率once,twice,threetimes…..Howlong?时间twoweeks(现在完成时)when一般现在时Howfar?距离tenkilometersHowsoon?多久后会In+时间Howmany……？多少可数Howmuch……？多少不可数Howabout……？提建议Howaboutgoingshopping?12.wouldliketodo=wanttodoWouldyouliketodrinkacupoftea?(=Doyouwanttodrinkacupoftea?)你想喝杯茶吗?—Wouldyouliketogoshoppingwithme?—Yes,I’dliketo./I’dliketo,butIhavetodomyhomework.13.词义辨析find找的结果lookfor找的过程findout找出，查明Idon’tfindmypen，I’mlookingforiteverywhere.我没有找到我的钢笔，我正到处找。14.一般疑问句﹠特殊疑问句一般疑问句一、含有be动词的一般疑问句,通常把be动词调到句首。例如:陈述句:Theyareintheswimmingpool.一般疑问句:Aretheyintheswimmingpool?二、含有情态动词的一般疑问句(can,may...),把情态动词调到句首。例如:陈述句:Hecandriveacar.一般疑问句:Canhedriveacar?三、一般动词的一般疑问句,要借助助动词do/does,第三人称单数用does,其余人称用do。其句型为:Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其它?陈述句:AmyspeaksEnglish.一般疑问句:DoesAmyspeakEnglish?特殊疑问句以疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有：whatwhowhosewhichwhenwherehowwhy等。whoissingingintheroom﹖whosebikeisbroken﹖whatclassareyouin﹖Whatdoesshelooklike﹖注意：１．回答特殊疑问句时，不能用yes／no，即问什么答什么，尤其是简略回答。如：WhoisfromCanada﹖Helen(is)．Where'stherestaurant﹖Nearthestation．15.反身代词（oneself）1.作动词或介词的宾语：经常在enjoy,teach,hurt,buy,introduce,seat,dress,express,amuse,behave等动词和by,for,to,of等介词后作宾语。如：HeisteachingherselfEnglish.她在自学英语。Helivesbyhimselfinthecountry.他独自住在乡下。2.作主语或宾语的同位语：主要起加强语气的作用，译作“亲自，本身，本人”。如：Didyoumakethecakeyourself?这蛋糕是你亲自做的吗?(yourself作主语you的同位语)Theworkitselfiseasy.这工作本身很容易。(itself作主语thework的同位语)DidyouseeMr.Wanghimself?你见过王先生本人吗？(himself作宾语Mr.Wang的同位)3.作表语：在be,feel,look,seem等系动词后作表语，表示身体或精神状态处于正常。如：I’mnotmyselftoday.今天我感觉不舒服。4.用于一些简短的会话用语或固定说法中。如：Helpyourselfto…!请随便吃…！Makeyourselfathome!别客气！Makeyourselfheard/understood.使你的话被人听得见/理解。