被动语态讲解ppt

被动语态（ThePassiveVoice)•一、运用被动语态的情景(Situations)•二、被动语态的结构与时态(StructureandTense)•三、被动语态举例(Examples)•四、主动变被动的方法(Method)（单宾、双宾、复合宾语、宾语从句）•五、没有被动语态的动词和词组(VerbsandPhrases)•六、Exercises一、运用被动语态的情景•1.讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者(这时可省by短语)。•Mybikewasstolenlastnight.•2.借助被动的动作突出动作的承受者。•IwasgiventenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldaccepttheoffer.•3.为了更好地安排句子。•Thewell-knownpersongotonthebusandwasimmediatelyrecognizedbypeople.（一个主语就够了）二、被动语态的结构与时态时态助动词be过去分词1、一般现在时am/is/areplayed2、一般过去时was/wereplayed3、现在进行时am/is/arebeingplayed4、过去进行时was/werebeingplayed5、现在完成时have/hasbeenplayed6、过去完成时had/beenplayed7、一般将来时will/shallbeam/is/aregoingtobeplayed8、过去将来时would/shouldbewas/weregoingtobeplayed9、情态动词情态动词+beplayed三、被动语态举例①TheGreatWallwasbuiltmorethan2000yearsold.②AnewbridgeisbeingbuiltacrosstheChangjiangRiver.③Theprojectwill(isgoingto)befinishednextmonth.④Manytreeshavebeenplantedaroundthelake.⑤Oldpeopleshouldbetakencareof/lookedafter.⑥Bookscan’tbetakenoutofthelibrary四、主动变被动的方法•宾变主，谓变被，by短语动后随；若有宾语连着谓，by短语往后退。•主动语态的宾语分：1、单宾2、双宾3、复合宾语4、宾语从句.1、单宾：①Shedoesherhomeworkatschool.Herhomeworkisdone(byher)atschool.(by短语常省略)②WheredopeoplegrowcottoninChina?WhereiscottongrowninChina?﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋2、双宾•带有双宾语的主动句，变被动句时，一般把“人”提前。•若将“物”提前则要在“人”的前面加to或for.•（“make,draw,sing,choose,buy,keep”用for,其他动词用to）.2、双宾（举例）---Abookwasgiventohim(byme)yesterday.①Igavehimabookyesterday.---Hewasgivenabook(byme)yesterday.•②MrChengteachesusmaththisterm.•Wemaththisterm.•③Mysisterboughtmeajacketlastweek.•Ajacketmelastweek﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋﹋aretaughtwasboughtfor○﹋▲3、带to不定式作宾语补足语的复合宾语•A:类似ask/tell/allow/encourage/promise…sb.todosth.结构：•①Peopleshouldallowteenagerstochoosetheirownclothes.Teenagerstochoosetheirownclothes.•②Theyencourageustoplantmoretrees.Wetoplantmoretrees.shouldbeallowedareencouraged3、不带to不定式作宾语补足语的复合宾语•B:特别提示：主动语态中的“十大怪词”（一感、二听、三使，四看）后面省略to的不定式，在改为被动语态时，一定要补上to.(记忆口诀：“使感动词”真奇怪，to在句中像妖怪，主动语态to走开，被动语态to回来。”)•①Iheardhimsinginthenextroom.•---Hesinginthenextroom.•②Theymadeusdoallkindsofwork.•---Wedoallkindsofwork.•③Isawherenterthelibrary.•---Sheenterthelibrary.washeardtoweremadetowasseento▲▲▲4、宾语从句•①TheysayMrMarkwillcometoChinasoon.•It’ssaidthatMrMarkwillcometoChinasoon.•据说MrMark马上要到中国来•②ItisreportedthatitrainedheavilyinthesouthofChina.据报道•③It’sthought/believedthat…据认为…•④It’ssuggestedthat…有人建议…•⑤It’swellknownthat…众所周知…•⑥It’shopedthat…人们希望…。五、没有被动语态的动词和词组(1)•1、有些“静态”动词不能用于被动语态。•（have,cost,last,own,suit,hold,fit,belongto,agreewith等）•①Thetravellasted3weeks.这次旅行持续了三个星期。•②TheMP3costs500yuan.•③ThisdictionarybelongstoMike.五、没有被动语态的动词和词组(2)•2、有些不及物动词的主动形式可以用来表示被动意义。（cut,wash,write,sell,wear等）•①Thiskindofshoessellswell.这种鞋子很畅销。•②Thiskindofclotheswasheseasily.这种衣服很容易洗。•③Thepenwritessmoothly.这支笔写得流利。五、没有被动语态的动词和词组(3)•3、有些词组的主动形式表被动含义：beworthdoing,needdoing•①Thebookisworthreading.这本书值得读。•②Thebikeneedsrepairing.这辆自行车需要修理。•=Thebikeneedstoberepaired.这辆自行车需要修理。六、Exercises1、Jaysingsmanyfamoussongs.(被动语态）ManyfamoussongsJay.2、Hermothergaveheranewpen.(同义句）Anewpenherbyhermother.3、Ifhe(give)onemoreminute,he(finish)theexamyesterday.4、Thestudentismade(stand)thereforhalfanhour.5、Hewon’tgotobeduntilhishomework(finish).6、Theheatedicecreamscoops(invent)byaman(call)Lanmon.7、Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.(被动）Astrangerwalkintothebuilding.aresungbywasgiventoweregivenwouldfinishtostandisfinishedwereinventedcalledwasseento▲▲▲