被动语态课件

中考考点：1.动词的被动语态的基本结构及用法2.动词的主动形式表被动意义的用法被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时：S(主语）+am/is/are+过去分词•1.ManyChinesespeakEnglishnow.•.•2.Theyofteneatbroccoliatlunch.•3.Hedoeshishomeworkeveryday.EnglishisspokenbymanyChinesenowBroccoliisofteneatenbythematlunchHishomeworkisdonebyhimeveryday2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm．Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词1.Iopenedthedoor.Thedoorwasopenedbyme.2.Heoftenhelpedhomelesspeople.Homelesspeoplewereoftenhelpedbyhim.3.Ihandedoutsomepapersjustnow.Somepaperswerehandedoutbymejustnow.将下列句子变成被动语态3.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般将来时：S+will+be+过去分词•Wewillholdasportsmeetingnextweek.•Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.•Thefarmerswillgrowdifferentkindsofvegetablesnextspring.Asportsmeetingwillbeheldbyusnextweek.Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschoolyardtomorrow.Differentkindsofvegetableswillbegrownbythefarmersnextspring.4．AmycantakegoodcareofGina．GinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy.情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词7.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike___________________intwodays.8.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine______________________threetimesaday.canbemendedmustbetaken动词的语态考点一被动语态的构成语法互动(八)┃动词的时态和语态(1)一般现在时：主语＋am/is/are＋动词的过去分词(2)一般过去时：主语＋was/were＋动词的过去分词(3)一般将来时：主语＋will/shall/begoingto＋be＋动词的过去分词(4)情态动词:主语＋情态动词＋be＋动词的过去分词(5)现在进行时：主语＋am/is/are＋being＋动词的过去分词(7)现在完成时：主语＋have/has＋been＋动词的过去分词(6)过去进行时：主语＋was/were＋being＋动词的过去分词(8)过去完成时：主语＋hadbeen＋动词的过去分词(9)过去将来时：主语＋wouldbe＋动词的过去分词构成：助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词2.(2016株洲）Artemisinin____byTuyouyou,agreatChinesescientist.A.wasinventedB.inventedC.hasinvented3.(2016重庆）--Mom,whereismymodelplane?--Oh,it____toJennyyesterdayA.IslentB.lendsC.waslentD.lent44.(2016北京）Anewroadnearmyschool____nextyear.•A.isbuiltB.willbuildC.willbebuilt中考链接：1.（2016长沙）Nowsmartphones___inmanywaysinourdailylife.A:areusedB:isusedC.areusingAACC5.(2016湖北黄冈）--Tomisalwayscarelesswithhishomework.Couldyouhelpwithhim?--Noproblem!Ithinkhe____tothinktwicebeforestartingA.ShouldbetoldB.cantellC.shouldtellD.canbetelling6.(2014四川）Ifhe______totheparty,nobodywilllethimin。A.Can’tinviteB.doesn’tbeinvitedC.can’tbeinvitedAC考点二某些谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义1.英语中有很多动词，如break,catch,clean,drive,lock,open,sell,read,write,wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义，主语通常是物。Thiskindofcloth______________．这种布料很好洗。Thebook_____________wellwasheswell语法互动(八)┃动词的时态和语态sells2．不及物动词和动词短语，如happen,last,takeplace,comeout,cometrue,runout等，以主动形式表示被动意义。How____thenewspapers________?这些报纸是如何被出版的呢？3．系动词be,smell,feel,sound,taste,get,turn.become等没有被动形式。Yourreason_________reasonable.你的理由听起来合理。语法互动(八)┃动词的时态和语态comeoutdosounds被动语态中的特殊情况不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时，在变为被动语态时，仍然要带上介词。e.g.Thestudentslistentotheteachercarefullyinclass.被动句：Theteacherislistenedtocarefullybythestudentsinclass.e.g.Theylookafterthenewstudentsintheschool.被动句：Thenewstudentsarelookedafterbythemintheschool.拓展：1.在使役动词have,make,let以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel等后面作宾语补足语的不定式，在主动结构中不定式符号to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要还原to。Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.被动结构：Astrangerwasseen________intothebuilding.有人看见一个陌生人走进了这座楼。towalkHisdoctormadehimhavetwomealsaday.(变被动语态）He____________twomealsaday__hisdoctor.wasmadetohaveby2.当动词带双宾语时(一个宾语是指人，一个是指物)，在被动句中则指人宾语前应加“to”或“for”。常见加to的动词有give，send,teach，write,show,pass,ask,tell…常见加for的动词有make,draw,buy…e.g.Hetellsmeastoryeveryday.被动1Iamtoldastorybyhimeveryday.被动2Astoryistoldtomebyhimeveryday.e.g.Mymotherboughtmeacomputer.被动1Iwasboughtacomputerbymymother.被动2Acomputerwasboughtformebymymother.3．下列结构中的v.ing是主动形式表示被动意义。(1)need,require作“需要”讲时，其后常跟动名词形式。但当这些动词后接不定式时，则必须用被动形式表示被动意义。Thebikeneedsmending.这辆自行车需要修理。Ourclassroomneedstobecleaned.我们的教室需要打扫。(2)beworthdoingsth.值得做某事Thebookiswellworthreading.这本书很值得一读。语法互动(八)┃动词的时态和语态练习：将下列句子变为被动句。1.LiLeilistenstohisfathercarefully.2.Themotherlookedafterthebabyintheroom.3.Wetookcareofthethings.4.Theygaveussomework.5.Theboymadethemlaughallthetime.6.Mymotherbuysmeabike.HisfatherislistenedtocarefullybyLiLei.Thebabywaslookedafterintheroombythemother.Thethingsweretakencareofbyus.Someworkweregiventousbythem.Theyweremadetolaughallthetime.Abikeisboughtformebymymother.7.TheywritebusinesslettersinEnglish.8.TheygrowriceinSouthChina.9.TheyplantmanytreesinNorthChina.10.LuXunwrotethisbook.11.Theworkersbuiltsomebridges.12.Wecanusetheboxasatable.13.Weshouldcleantheclassroomeveryday练习：1.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.2.TheymadecomputersintheU.S.A.3.Peopleusedknivesforcuttingthings.4.Peopleusedmetalformakingmachines.5.TheyproducesilkinSuzhouandHangzhou.6.TheyspeakEnglishinCanada.