2016中考英语阅读理解解题指导：最实用!

TheSkillsofreadingcomprehension考查事实细节：猜测生词含义：推理判断：归纳主旨大意：推测作者的态度、意图和目的：阅读理解考查题型（一）事实性细节题对时间、地点、特征、方式、数字等的寻找对原因、结果、事实的正确理解常用提问方式：1.Accordingtothepassage,who(what,why,where,when，howmany/much,howlong)….?2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsis(not)true?通常是特殊疑问句或判断句子正误1.He/sheshouldhaveaninterestinmakingpizza.Moreimportantly,he/sheshouldhaveworkexperienceinarestaurant.Theadtellsusthat______A.Theassistantmustbeaman.B.Theassistantmusthaveonceworkedinarestaurant.C.PuccipizzahasbranchesalloverChina.——————————————————B事实理解题解题技巧：事实细节题一般在:1文中有原句；2找相关信息进行比对;3找近义词或同义句;4进行简单数学计算;在读文章时把这些信息划下来（二）猜测词义词汇题是询问文章中出现的某个词、词组或句子含义的题型。常见的提问方式有：•1)Theword…..refersto_____•2)Theunderlined…..probablymeans____________1、根据定义、释义、举例或复述猜词常用的：be,becalled,mean，破折号或定语从句等来表示。Well,I’verelearnedit.IhopeIhavetimelefttoenjoythesuccessesofothersandtotakepleasureintheday.That’stheheartofthewatermelon.“theheartofthewatermelon”refersto___.•A.thebestpartofthewatermelon.•B.thewriter’sbusylife•C.thewriter’sdecisionofmakingmoney.•D.thewriter’shopeofenjoyinglife.D2、根据上下文情景和逻辑进行判断Astheygoaroundtown,theyhelppeople.Whentheyfindlostchildren,theytakethechildrenhome.Iftheyseeafight,theyputanendtoitrightaway.Theyknowallthestreetsandroadswell.Oftenpeopleaskthemhowtogettoaplaceintown.Inthetext,“putanendto”means___•A.stopB.cutC.killD.flyA•Thereisaplaceonourearthwherehotwaterandsteamcomeupundertheground.ItisonalargeislandinthePacificOcean.TheislandisNorthIslandinNewZealand.•Whatdoestheword“steam”meaninChinese?_________A.自来水B.大气C.冰川D.蒸汽Dand3、根据关联词来猜测3、根据关联词来猜测•表示因果关系的：•表示同义关系的：•表示反义关系的：because,as,since,for,so,asaresult…and,like,justas…thesameas….but,however,though,although,yet,instead(of)演练1Abagisusefulandtheword“bag”isuseful.Itgivesussomeinterestingphrases.Oneis“toletthecatoutofthebag.”Itisthesameas“totellasecret”Nowwhensomeoneletsoutasecret,he“letsthecatoutofthebag.”Q:Johnletsthecatoutofthebag”meanshe•A.makeseveryoneknowasecret.•B.thewomanboutacat.•C.buysacatinthebag.•D.sellsthecatinthebag.`A实战演练2•Ifyouwanttobeamusician,youusuallyhavetomovetoanareathathasalotofjobs,suchasNewYorkCity.Thecostoflivingintheseareasisusuallyveryhigh.Thethirddisadvantageisthatyoucan’thaveastablefamilylife.Differentjobswilltakeamusiciantodifferentplaces,somostmusiciansareunabletohavearegularfamily.•Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stable”meaninChinese?__________•A.幸福的B.稳定的C.健康的B（三）推理判断考查逻辑推理能力、语言分析能力和综合归纳能力。下面哪些方式属于推理判断题？1)Wecaninfer(推断)fromthestorythat____2)What’sthepassagemainlyabout?3)Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_4)Accordingtothestory,whatwouldhappennext?5)Thefirstparagraphtellsusthat_______6)Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?√√__√√1、事实推理：先在文章中找出据以推断的文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行间的意思。Secondly,anewsstoryhastobeinterestingandunusual.Peopledon’twanttoreadstoriesabouteverydaylife.Asaresult,manystoriesareaboutsomekindofdangerandseemtobe“bad”news.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcanyoumostpossiblywatchonTV?_______A.Youoftenplayfootballwithyourfriendsafterschool.B.Yourteacherhasgotacold.C.Atigerinthecityzoohasrunoutandhasn’tbeencaught.D.Thebikeinfrontofyourhouseislost.CdangerbadWhenyoucoughorsneeze,pleaseturnyourheadawayfromothersandcoveryourmouthwiththefullpartofyourhand.Afterwards,youshouldsay,“Excuseme.”ThisisaruleIsetformystudents.Itissosimple,butmanykidshaveneverbeentoldtodothis.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”mean?_A.Don’tcoughorsneezeinfrontofpeopleB.Don’tstandbesidesomeonewhocoughsorsneezes.C.Manypeoplecoughorsneezeontheundergroundtrain.D.Coveryourmouthwhencoughingorsneezingandsaysorry.D•解题技巧：推断题在文章无法直接找到答•案，须在正确理解文章字面意思的基础•上，运用逻辑推理的方法，综合主旨句、•主题句和上下文信息以及作者的措辞，作•出总结性的判断。同时要特别注意代词所•指代的对象（四）归纳主旨大意:主要包括主题思想、写作意图、文章的题目等常见的提问方式有：(1）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?(2)Thefirstparagraphtellsusthat_____(3)Whichofthefollowingexpressesthemainidea?(4)Thepassageismainlyabout______(5)Thebesttitleforthestoryis_______(6)Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitle?Canyoufindthetopicsentence?1.Alllivingthingsontheearthneedotherlivingthingstolive.Nothinglivesalone.Mostanimalsmustliveinagroup,andevenaplantgrowsclosetogetherwithothersofthesamekind.Sometimesonelivingthingkillsanother,oneeatsandtheotheriseaten.Eachkindoflifeeatsanotherkindoflifeinordertolive,andtogethertheyformafoodchain.Somefoodchainsbecomebrokenupifoneofthelinksdisappears.2.Readingisagoodhabit,buttheproblemis,there’stoomuchtoreadthesedays,andtoolittletimetoreadeverywordofit.Therearehundredsofskillstohelpyoureadmoreinlesstime.HerearetwoskillsthatIthinkareespeciallygood._______________________________________解题技巧：此类题目多出现于议论文和说明文。要确定文章的主题思想，最重要的是要找到主题句。主题句一般在段首或段尾，有时也在中间。3.DoyouknowmoreandmoreChineseartistshavemaderegulardonationstocharityorputtheireffortsintocharityworkinChina?Herelet’sknowsomeofthem.•Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?_____•A.Chinesecharitywork.•B.CharityworkofsomeChineseartists.•C.SomefamousChineseartists.•D.OrganizationsstartedbyChineseartists.B________________________________（五）作者的意图、态度和目的题•1、作者的语气态度往往不会直接写在文章里，只能通过细读文章，从作者的选词及修饰手段中体会出来。•常见的提问方式有：•(1)Whatisthewriter’spurposeinwritingthepassage?•(2)Thewriterprobablyfeelsthat______•(3)Wha