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时态种类构成一般现在时do/does一般过去时did一般将来时will/shall+动词原形现在进行时am/is/are+doing现在完成时have/has+过去分词过去进行时was/were+doing过去完成时had+过去分词过去将来时would/should+动词原形知识导航21、构成一般现在时常用主+动词原形,但第三人称单数作主语时,动词的词尾要加s或es3动词第三人称单数形式变化规则规则例子一般在词尾加-s,(清辅音后读/s/,在浊辅音后读/z/;在t后读/ts/,在d后读/dz/。)Play→playsleave→leavesswim→swims以字母s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的词加-es,读/iz/,如果动词原形词尾已有e,则只加-s。pass→passesfix→fixesteach→teacheswish→wishesdo→does以辅音字母加y结尾的词,先变y为i,再加-es,读/z/study→studiescarry→carriesfly→flies2、用法※表示经常性、习惯性的动作Igototheparkonceaweek.Whendoyouusuallyhavebreakfast?※表示客观真理Thesunrisesintheeast.6※表示主语所具有的特征、性格、能力、状态等Sheisamiddleschoolstudent.Shelooksalittleworried.※某些以here/there开头的句子中,用一般现在时表正发生的动作Herecomesthebus.7※表示将来发生的、时刻表上不改变的事ThetrainleavesHunanatfiveo’clock.※特殊情况在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,若主句用一般将来时,则从句用一般现在代替将来。(主将从现)I’llseeyouwhenIgetthere.Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,we’llgoshopping.8常与一般现在时连用的时间状语有:often经常usually通常never从不everyday每天sometimes有时seldom几乎不always总是onceaweek一周一次9【翻译】我今年20岁,住在北京。Iamtwentyyearsoldthisyear,andIliveinBeijing.火车将在一个小时后(inanhour)出发(setoff)。Thetrainsetsoffinanhour.她每天都走路上学。Shewalkstoschooleveryday.或:Shegoestoschoolonfooteveryday.101、构成现在进行时由“主+助动词be(am/is/are)+doing”构成。11现在分词的变法有1)、一般在动词词尾加上-ing,E.g.jump2)、以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去e,再加-ing.E.ghavewrite3)、.以重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的词,它前面是单个元音字母时要先将词尾的辅音字母双写,再加上-ing.E.g.sitput其句式变换都在be上做文章。2、用法※表此时此刻正发生的动作,常与now连用。Theyarecleaningtheroom.Listen,someoneisshouting.※与副词always连用,表达一种感情色彩。Sheisalwaysthinkingofothersinsteadofherself.Whyareyoualwayscominglate?13※有些动词(arrive,come,go,leave)的ing形式可表示将发生的、计划或安排好的事。Weareleavingherenextweek.Sheiscomingtoseemetomorrow.※while后常用doing形式Whileyouarereadingthebook,heissleeping.14常与现在进行时连用的时间状语有:now现在rightnow现在thesedays这些天atthismoment在此刻15我认为他正在看电视。Ithink(that)heiswatchingTV.当我在睡觉的时候他正在听音乐。WhileIamsleeping,heislisteningtomusic.【翻译】16Look!there____ourdog.(2013)A.comeB.comesC.tocomeD.comingLook!Thesun___,andit___fromthewest.(2013)A.fallsdown,fallsdownB.fallsdown,fallingdownC.isfallingdown,fallsdownD.isfallingdown,fallingdown17Theman____withhisparentsonceayear.(2014)A.goestravelB.goestravelingC.isgoingtravelD.isgoingtravelingSheisdoingherhomeworkwhilehermother____toher.(2014)A.speaksB.spokeC.tospeakD.isspeaking18Heisalazyman.He____thedirtyjeanseveryday.(2014)A.alwayswearsB.alwayswearingC.alwaystowearD.isalwayswearingYouwillknowthetruthafteryou___him.(2013)A.seeB.willseeC.areseeingD.tosee191、构成一般过去时用主+动词的过去式表示。除系动词be的过去式有人称和数的变化外,其他动词的过去式无人称和数的变化。20谓语动词使用过去式形式,加ed,分为规则和不规则变化。不规则动词见不规则动词表构成规则例子一般在动词原形末尾加-ed,(在清辅音后读/t/;在浊辅音和元音后读/d/;在/t/,/d/后读/id/。look→lookedplay→playedwork→worked结尾是e的动词在末尾加-dlike→likedlive→livedhope→hoped末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-edplan→plannedstop→stoppeddrop→dropped结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词,先变“y”为“i”再加-edstudy→studiedworry→worriedcry→cried2、用法※表示过去已经发生的动作,现在已经结束,常与相应的过去时间状语连用。Tomfellilllastnight,andhehadtostayathome.※追述逝去的人或事。Edisonwasagreatinventor.23※表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,可与always,usually,often,sometimes,never连用。Heusuallywalkedtoschoollastyear.Ioftenatenoodleslastweek,butnowIseldomlikeit.24常见的过去时间状语有:justnow刚才yesterday昨天intheolddays在那段旧时光里atthattime=atthatmoment在那时afewdaysago=theotherday几天前25去年他通常坐公交车去上学,但现在经常骑自行车上学。Heusuallywenttoschoolbybuslastyear,butnowheoftengoestoschoolbybike.【翻译】261、构成一般将来时态由“主+will/shall+动词原形”构成,表示将来发生的动作或状态。Wewill/shallcometoaskMaryforhelp.272、其他表示※begoingto+动词原形:表示说话人主观的打算或预测。Iamgoingtolookforajobhere.Itisgoingtobeafinedayforcampingtomorrow.28※betodo:表示已经计划或安排好的动作。ThepresidentistovisitChinanextweek.Themeetingistostartearlytomorrow.29※beabouttodo:表示马上要发生的事,不强调主观。Thetrainisabouttoleave.※beabouttodowhen正当…时Iamabouttoleavewhenthephonerings.30注意:在从句中的将来时态,will要变成相应的时态。Shesaidshewouldhelpmeifshefinishedherwork.31他昨天说他很快将要离开。Yesterday,hesaidhewouldleavesoon.正当他要说话时,老师来了。Heisabouttospeakwhentheteachercomes.【翻译】321、构成现在完成时由“主+助动词have/has+过去分词”构成,表示一件已发生的事与现在情况有联系,往往对现在造成一定影响。Ihavelostmykey.Thelifthasbrokendown.3334过去分词的变化规则规则动词:规则动词的过去分词与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。(1)一般动词,在词尾直接加“ed”work---worked---workedvisit---visited---visited(2)以“e”结尾的动词,只在词尾加“d”live---lived---lived(3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,将“y”变为“i”,再加“ed”study---studied---studiedcry---cried---cried(4)重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写该辅音字母,再加“ed”stop---stopped---stoppeddrop---dropped—dropped不规则动词见不规则动词表2、用法※常可以和just,ever,already,recently,yet等词连用。Hehasjustleft.Haveyouphonedhimyet?(否定回答):No,Ihaven’t.35※常和for+时间段、since引导的时间状语、howlong连用。Howlonghaveyouknownher?Ihaveknownherforthreeyears.※强调直到现在为止的经历。HehasonlybeentoChinaonce.36※在时间和条件状语从句中,用现在完成时代替将来完成时。IwillgohomeassoonasIhavefinishedallmywork.Iwillnotletyougountilyouhavefinishedyourwork.37※和time连用的情况This/ItisthefirsttimethatIhaveseenapanda.※由since引导的从句中,主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。Wehavebeenfriendssincewemetatschool.38注意区别:havegoneto:到某地去了,还未回来havebeento:到过某地—Ihaven’tseenJohnfordays,wherehashegone?—HehasgonetoAmericaforbusiness.IhavebeentoAmerica.39他去上海待了一周。HehasbeentoShanghaiforaweek.我将在你离开之后告诉他们(after)。Iwilltellthemafteryouhaveleft.你找到你的钥匙了吗?Haveyoufoundyourkey?【翻译】401、构成过去进行时由“主+助动词be(was/were)+doing”构成,表示在过去某一时间点正在进行的动作。atthattime当时thistimeyesterday昨天这个时候41Whatwereyoudoingat8:30yesterdayevening?IwaswatchingTV.
本文标题:八大时态讲解课件-jl
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