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分类号密级UDC编号学位论文论文题目燃煤蒸汽锅炉燃烧系统自动控制的研究研究生姓名王新春指导教师姓名魏毅立职称副教授职称专业控制理论与控制工程(2002届)研究方向多变量交流调速的研究申请学位级别工学硕士包头钢铁学院2002年6月3日包头钢铁学院硕士学位论文论文题目:燃煤蒸汽锅炉燃烧系统自动控制的研究Auto-controlResearchofCoalSteamBoiler研究生姓名:王新春指导教师姓名:魏毅立单位:论文提交日期:答辩日期:申请学位日期:专业名称:学位授予单位:授予日期:论文评阅人:答辩委员会主席:摘要本文研究了燃煤锅炉燃烧系统的自动控制问题。首先简述了燃煤锅炉的工艺流程、特点及调节系统的任务;分析了燃烧系统调节对象的特性。根据工艺特点,把燃烧控制分成主汽压控制、燃烧经济性控制和炉膛负压控制三部分,分别进行讨论。针对主汽压控制系统这一复杂对象,结合模糊逻辑控制理论,提出了FUZZY—SMITH控制算法,并且与传统PID控制和PID—SMITH控制相比较,仿真结果表明该算法具有良好的动静特性及很强的鲁棒性。根据现场采集到的数据分析,在锅炉实际生产中,蒸汽压力一定的情况下,热效率和送风量存在着二次曲线的关系。由于二次曲线存在极值,这个极值就是我们要寻求的燃烧最优点。本论文以热量信号为寻优的目标函数,采用动态自寻优控制方法,使系统不断向最优工作点靠近,提高了热效率。其次,由于寻优是一个连续不断的过程,所以算法可以适应由于煤质变化或工况变化等引起的最佳工作点的漂移,具有较好的实用性。炉膛负压的控制采用传统的PID控制。关键词PID控制SMITH预估控制模糊控制燃煤锅炉燃烧控制自寻优控制ABSTRACTTheproblemofautomaticcontrolforcoal-firedboilercombustionsystemisdiscussedinthisthesis.Firstofall,thetechnologicalprocessandcharacteristicsofcoal-firedboilerandthetaskofboilerregulatingsystemareexpounded.Thepeculiarityofcombustionregulatorsystemisanalyzed.Accordingtotechnologicalcharacteristics,thecombustioncontrolsystemisdividedintothreecontrolparts:thestreampressurecontrolsystem,theburningeconomicalcontrolsystemandthenegativepressureofboilerchambercontrolsystem.Eachpartisdiscussed.ConsideringthecomplexityofcombustionsystemandminglingFuzzy-Logiccontroltheory,theFuzzy-Smithcontrolalgorithmisputforward.ComparingwithclassicalPIDandPID-Smithcontrol,theresultsofsimulationshowthisalgorithmpossessfinedynamicandstaticcharacteristicsandstrongrobust.Accordingtothedatacollectedonthespot,theheatefficiencyhastherelationofquadraticcurvewiththequantityofairsupplyingwhenthevaporpressureisstableintheoperationofboiler.Thequadraticcurvehasextremevalueandthisvalueisthebestpointofcombustion.Thecombustionsystemofboilerismadetocontinuouslynearoptimumoperatingpointbytakingheatsignalastheobjectfunctionofoptimizingandadoptingthedynamicself-optimizingcontrolmethod.Theheatefficiencyisincreased.Sincetheprocessofoptimumiscontinuous,themethodcanadapttothedriftofoptimaloperatingpointcausedbythechangeofthepropertyofcoalorthechangeofworkconditionsofthesystem.TheclassicalPIDcontrolisusedtocontrolthenegativepressureofchamber.KeywordsPIDcontrolSmithpredictioncontrolfuzzycontrolcoal-firedboilercombustioncontrolself-optimizingcontrol目录第一章绪论................................................................61.1课题来源...........................................................................................................61.2课题发展状况...................................................................................................71.2.1工业锅炉简介.........................................................................................71.2.2工业锅炉控制的发展与现状.................................................................81.3本论文研究的内容和意义.............................................................................10第二章锅炉燃烧过程的控制系统..................................................112.1锅炉燃烧系统简介.........................................................................................112.1.1燃烧系统的任务...................................................................................112.1.2燃烧系统的调节对象..........................................................................112.2燃烧系统调节对象的特性.............................................................................112.3锅炉燃烧控制系统的结构.............................................................................192.3.1目前常见的燃烧控制系统..................................................................192.3.2燃烧控制系统总体方案设计..............................................................21第三章模糊控制........................................................................223.1模糊控制的发展和应用概况........................................................................233.2模糊控制系统的特点....................................................................................233.3模糊控制系统的基本组成.............................................................................243.4模糊控制系统结构.........................................................................................253.5模糊控制器....................................................................................................273.5.1模糊控制器的基本结构和组成..........................................................283.5.2模糊化运算...........................................................................................293.5.3模糊推理...............................................................................................293.5.4清晰化计算..........................................................................................303.6模糊控制器结构............................................................................................30第四章主汽压控制系统..................................................................314.1PID控制.......................................................................................................324.1.1PID控制系统结构............................................................................324.1.2系统仿真..............................................................................................334.2SMITH预估补偿控制.................
本文标题:锅炉燃烧自动控制
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