3谓语动词虚拟语气

第一讲：谓语动词第三节：虚拟语气主讲：Anne重点一、明显虚拟条件句(if条件句)二、含蓄虚拟条件句（特殊词和结构）三、Should+动词原形英语的动词一般有三种不同的语气：陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式来表示。陈述语气用来陈述一个事实，或提出一个想法，有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。祈使语气用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测，是与客观事实相反的主观设想。IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotleaveheralone.Igotupearlythismorning.Don’ttouchanythingonthetableuntilthebellrings.陈述语气虚拟语气祈使语气判断：以下句子使用何种语气一、if条件句条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句真实条件句使用陈述语气，表示假设的情况有可能发生非真实条件句使用虚拟语气，表示假设的情况不可能发生,或者可能性很小Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldstayathome.Ifitrainstomorrow,we’llstayathome.非真实条件句真实条件句判断：以下句子是真实条件句还是非真实条件句If+过去式,woulddoIfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.1.如果我是你，我会再试一次。2.如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。IfIhadonemilliondollars,Iwouldbuytheplane.一、与现在事实相反1.IwouldaskGeorgetolendusthemoneyifI____him.A.hadknownB.haveknownC.knewD.knowCIf+haddone,would+havedoneIfhehadworkedhard,hewouldhavepassedtheexam.如果他努力学的话，他就通过这次考试了。二、与过去事实相反1.IfBob_____withus,hewouldhavehadagoodtime.A.wouldcomeB.wouldhavecomeC.hadcomeD.cameC三、与将来事实相反Ifhecame/weretocome/shouldcomeheretomorrow,Iwouldtellhim.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他.If+did/weretodo/shoulddo,woulddo1.Ifyou__________tomorrow,you_______findthenewmanagerworkingintheoffice.A.shouldcome;wouldB.wouldcome;wouldC.willcome;shouldD.comes;might２.----Ifhe_______,he________thatfood.----Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.A.waswarned;wouldnothavetakenB.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned;hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken３.Ifmylawyer_______herelastSunday,he______mefromgoing.A.hadbeen;wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen;wouldpreventC.were;wouldpreventD.were;wouldhaveprevented1)Ifyou_______(be)inmyplace,youwoulddothesamething.2)IfIhadlearnedEnglishwell,I_________________(be)abletotalkwithnativespeakers.3)Ifyou___________________________(visit)ourschooltomorrow,youwouldseehowbeautifulitis.4、用括号里的动词的正确形式填空werewouldhavebeenvisited/shouldvisit/weretovisitIf条件句中的应用if从句动词主句动词与过去事实相反与现在事实相反与将来事实相反haddonedid/were1.didwouldhavedonewoulddo2.weretodo3.shoulddo四、当if被省略的时候：在虚拟条件句中，如果含有were,had,should,可将if省略然后，将were,had,should放在主语前，构成倒装句式。WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.2.Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.Hadhebeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.3.Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.Shoulditsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.EXERCISE1._____theadviceofhisfriends,hewouldnothavesufferedsuchaheavylossinhisbusiness.A.IfhetookB.IfheshouldtakeC.WerehetotakeD.Hadhetaken2.______,Ishouldaskthemsomequestions.A.ShouldtheycometousB.IftheycometousC.WeretheycometousD.Hadtheycometous3.______youwerebusy,Iwouldn’thavebotheredyouwithmyquestions.A.IfIrealizedB.HadIrealizedC.DidIhaverealizedthatD.AsIrealizedDAB含蓄条件句有时假设的情况不用if从句，而是通过其他方式表现出来，这种句子叫含蓄虚拟条件句without,butfor,or,otherwise,with,under等词经常出现在含蓄虚拟条件句中一、含蓄词1.ButforthestormIwouldhavearrivedmuchearlier.2.WithoutthestormIwouldhavearrivedmuchearlier.3.Shecamehereyesterday,otherwise/orIwouldnothavemether.4.Iwouldhaveattendedthemeeting,butIhavebeentoobusy.5.Withoutyou,Iwouldneverknowhim.7.Iwouldbemostgladtohelpyou,butI'ambusynow.6.Butforyourcooperation,wewouldn'thavedonetheworksowell.8.Iambusynow,otherwiseIwoulddoyouthefavor!用括号里的动词的正确形式填空1.I_________________(come)toyourparty,butIdidn’thavetime.2.Withoutelectricity,humanlife__________(be)different.wouldhavecomewouldbe二、含蓄句型1.Wishthat1)与现在事实相反:wish+(that)+did(were)IwishIwereashealthyasyou.IwishthatIhadaplane.2)与过去事实相反:wish+(that)+haddoneIwishIhadbeentotheconcertlastnight.Iwishyouhadwrittentohim.3)与将来事实相反:wish+would+doIwishhewouldforgiveme.Exercises:1.“HaveyouvisitedtheScienceMuseum?”“No,butIreallywishI_______.”A.hadB.didC.haveD.will2.Ididn’tgototheparty,butIdowishI___there.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.went3.Tomcantakehiscarapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe_____mehow.A.teachesB.willteachC.hastaughtD.wouldteach2.wouldrather+did1.Iwouldratheryou________(pay)menow.2.Iwouldratheryou_______(come)tomorrow.paidcame3.Iwouldratheryou__________(nottell)herthenewsyesterday.hadn’ttold3.Ifonly1.IfonlyI_______(know)hisnamenow!2.Ifonlywe______________(follow)youradvicelasttime!3.IfonlyI___________(see)himagainnextyear!knewhadfollowedsaw现在和将来:过去时过去:过去完成时4.It’s(about/high)time+that---过去时我们该去睡觉了。It’stimethatwewenttobed.考题点击：Itistimethatyou_________thewholebook.A.mustgooverB.cangooverC.wentoverD.havegoneoverC5.asif,asthough引导的状语从句现在、将来：用过去时；过去：用过去完成时;Itseemsasifthemanwerehisbrother.Thisdeviceoperatedasthoughithadbeenrepaired.1.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit__________.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken2.Theactoris58yearsold.Butheactsasifhe_______ayoungman.A.isB.willbeC.amD.were3.Thecloudsaregettingdarkeranddarker.Itlooksasifit_______rain.A.isgoingtoB.willC.wasgoingtoD.would4.Wefeltasifwe_____eachotherforyears.A.knewB.wereknowingC.hadknownD.haveknowing5.Hetalksasifhe_____everythingintheworld.A.knowsB.knewC.hadknownD.wouldhaveknownShoulddo1.Itis……that……（should）do1.过去分词过去分词：suggested,requested,ordered,proposed…Itisrequiredthatnobody(should)smokehere.It’ssuggestedthateverybody(should)buyadictionary.2.形容词形容词:important,necessary,natural,right,wrong,be