非谓语动词-不定式1

动词非谓语动词-----不定式Page2目录Reviewandleadin非谓语动词的概述动词不定式的要点不定式练习题Page3Reviewandleadin助动词系动词及物动词不及物动词双宾语动词情态动词一般现在时主语+am/is/are+n/a/pron+....主语+V原/V-s+....一般过去时主语+was/were+n/a/pron+....主语+V-ed+....一般（过去）将来时主语+will/would+V原+....现在（过去）进行时主语+be+V-ing+....现在（过去）完成时主语+have/has/had+V-过去分词+....被动：主语+am/is/are+V-过去分词+......被动：主语+was/were+V-过去分词+......被动：主语+will/would+be+V-过去分词+...被动：主语+be+being+V-过去分词+......被动：主语+have/has+been+V-过去分词+....谓语动词非谓语动词动词Page41.什么是非谓语动词？非谓语动词的概述2.非谓动词的形式不定式（todo)现在分词过去分词（done)动名词-ing形式非谓语动词即不做谓语的动词，它不受主语人称和数量的限制，虽然在句子中不能充当谓语，但可以充当句子的其他成分，并且有时态和语态的变化。Page5时态主动语态被动语态一般时todotobedone完成时tohavedonetohavebeendone进行时tobedoing无不定式的用法1.动词不定式时态和语态表ItwasveryimportantforustograspEnglishgrammar.Grandpacuilikestoplaytable-tennis.Mybossorderedmetogotohisofficeimmediately.注意：不定式虽然不做谓语，但是它依然有自己的动词特征，如：自己的宾语、状语、和逻辑主语。Page6I’mgladtomeetyou.Myuncleaskedmetoseehimthissummer.一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后.完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前.Iamgladtohaveseenyourmatheryesterday.进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生.Heseemstobereadinginhisroom.Theyseemedtobetalkingaboutyou.不定式的用法2.动词不定式的时态时态构成一般时todo完成时tohavedone进行时tobedoingIregrettedtohavetoldalie.Page7不定式的用法2.动词不定式的语态被动语态构成一般时tobedone完成时tohavebeendone被动语态的一般时同样表示不定式发生在谓语动词同时或之后，完成时表示不定式动词发生在谓语动词之前.Thesestudentswanttobesenttoworkinourcompany.Heissaidtohavebeenkilled.Page8在那些情况下使用不定式的被动语态？A:当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式的承受者时，用被动语态.B:不定式做定语，和所修饰的名词有动宾关系.C:不定式做宾补，和宾语构成动宾关系.Thegirlisgladtobetakentothesummerpalace.Thequestiontobeaskedbyusisofgreatimportant.Iamgladtobegivenagoldring.Hewantedthelettertobetypedatonce.不定式的用法在那些情况下不定式的主动语态可以代替被动语态？A:不定式与最近的名词或代词有动宾关系，且与句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系.Ihavealotofpaperstotype.Iwillgiveyouabooktoread.Iwillgotothepostoffice.Doyouhaveanythingtobeposted?B:当不定式在主系表结构中做状语，其中表语是形容词，它与句子的主语是动宾关系时.Thistextiseasytorecite.C.当不定式修饰Therebe/Herebe引导的主语，且与它构成动宾关系时.Thereisarediotorepair.Hereisababytotakecareof.D.tolet/toblame一般只用主动语态.Thehouseistolet.youaretoblame.Page9不定式的用法3.动词不定式语法功能（1）不定式做主语.TogettothepalacejustwithafloweristosayIampoor.Itisbadmannerstoberudetopeople.可以把不定式放在句首做主语，也可用It做形式主语.但在疑问句或感叹句中不定式做主语要用It做形式主语。TowatchtheTVplayisveryintresting.----IsitveryintrestingtowatchtheTVplay.Togettothestationtookmetwohours.----Howlongdidittakeyoutogettothestation?Tolosethisnacklacewasapity.---Whatapityitwastolosethisnecklace!Page10不定式的用法3.动词不定式语法功能（2）不定式做宾语.ask,afford,agree,begin,care,choose,decide,determine,expect,forget,hate,hope,learn,like,manage,mean,offer,prefer,pretend,promise,refuse,start,try,want,wish.Hisfathercan'taffordtobuyhimacar.Theboypretendedtohavefinishedhishomework.Page11不定式的用法3.动词不定式语法功能Thishasmadeitnecessaryforagricultureandindustrytodevelopveryquickly.Ifeelitmydutytosaythatyouarewrong.know,learn,tell,decide,remember,forget后接代副词+todoYoumustrememberwhentobegin.Thecomputerwilltellwhattodo.find/make/consider/feel+it+n/adj+todo…Page12不定式的用法3.动词不定式语法功能（3）不定式做宾语补足语.advise,allow,ask,beg,encourage,expect,force,forbid,get,hate,invite,lead,like,love,oblige,persuade,prefer,teach,trouble,want,wishJohnaskedmetohelphimwithhislessonsthiseveningwaitfor,depenton,callon,longfor,carefor也可接不定式做宾补.Youmaydependonhimtogeteverythingreadyforyou.Page13不定式的用法3.动词不定式语法功能使役动词（make,have,let),感官动词（lookat,see,watch,notice,observe,listento,hear,smell,feel)后的不定式做宾补时，在主动语态中不定式要省去to,但在被动语态中to不能省.Icanletyouhaveoneticket.Theboywasseentofallsuddenlyfromthetree.Page14动词不定式练习1.Theteacheraskedus______somuchnoise.A.don’tmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomake2.Thebankisreportedinthelocalnewspaper_____inbroaddaylightyesterday.A.robbedB.tohavebeenrobbedC.beingrobbedD.havingbeenrobbedPage15动词不定式练习3.Withallherfriendsandmoneygone,shereallydidn’tknow_____.A.howtodoB.whattodoC.whichtodoD.whentodo4.Willyoulendhimamagazine_________?A.tobereadB.forreadingC.toreadD.heread谢谢