基于GPS和GPRS的车辆定位系统应用设计与实现

上海理工大学毕业设计I题目基于GPS和GPRS的车辆定位系统应用设计与实现学生姓名xxx学号专业班级通信工程指导教师xxx学院通信学院答辩日期2012年6月11日上海理工大学毕业设计II基于GPS和GPRS的车辆定位系统应用设计与实现TheDesignandImplementationofVehiclesPositioningSystemApplicationBasedonGPSandGPRSxxxx摘要全球卫星定位系统利用导航卫星进行测时和测距，它是一种将卫星及通讯很好的结合在一起的技术。GPS用在大地测量、工程测量、航空摄影、运载工具导航和管制、资源勘察等许多学科中都有着不可取代的优点,并且在经济和社会中都取得了很好的效益。本设计主要介绍了GPS和GPRS在车辆定位中的工作原理,车载终端的硬件和软件设计。该系统的设计与实现是GPRS、GPS技术相结合，利用GPRS的数据传输功能，把它接收到的信息通过GPRS网络上的无线通信链路传到建立在Internet网上的服务器上。以及把车载移动终端的GPS定位信息如何传到建立在Internet网上服务器的问题做了相关的设计，以达到实现在线实时对车辆运行状态、安全状态、技术状态等各类信息的监控。关键词：GPRS；GPS定位系统；车载终端AbstractGlobalsatellitepositioningsystemusingnavigationsatellitetimingandranging,itisasatelliteandcommunicationsinaverygoodcombinationtechnology.GPSusedingeodeticsurvey,engineeringsurvey,aerialphotography,vehiclenavigationandcontrol,resourcesurveyandmanyotherdisciplineshasirreplaceableadvantagesineconomyandsociety,andhaveachievedgoodbenefit.ThispaperintroducesthedesignofGPSandGPRSinvehiclepositioningintheworkingprinciple,hardwareandsoftwaredesignofthevehiclemountedterminal.ThedesignandimplementationofthissystemisGPRS,GPStechnology,usingGPRSdatatransmissionfunction,putittoreceiveinformationthroughtheGPRSnetworkwirelesscommunicationlinktotheonlineserverbasedonInternet.AswellasthevehiclemobileterminalGPSpositioninginformationhowtobuildintheInternetonlineserverproblemintroducedthe,toachievereal-timeoperatingstateofthevehicle,security,technicalconditionandothertypesofinformationmonitoring.Keywords:GPRS;GPSpositioningsystem;Vehicleterminal目录第1章绪论·······································I1.1课题背景······································I1.2车载智能终端的发展·································I1.3车载研发的国内外现状································I第2章GPS全球卫星定位系统································I2.1GRS技术······································I2.2GPS的系统结构··································II2.2.1GPS空间段··································II2.2.2GPS地面段··································II2.2.3GPS用户段··································III2.3GPS卫星定位原理·································IV2.4GPS的应用·····································V2.5GPS短信方案优点及缺点·······························V第3章GPRS移动通信系统·································V3.1GPRS的定义····································V3.2GPRS发展现状及技术分析·····························VI上海理工大学毕业设计III3.3GPRS系统工作原理································VI3.4GPRS数据传输的优点·······························VI3.5车载定位系统GPRS方案······························VII第4章车载终端的工作原理·······························VII4.1车载终端系统总体的整体流程····························VII4.2汽车行驶记录仪介绍·······························VIII4.3车载定位终端的硬件结构·······························X4.4车载终端的软件结构································XI4.4.1液晶显示···································XII4.4.2数据采集控制程序·······························XIV4.4.3汽车是否启动检测程序的设计··························XIV4.4.4基于μC/OS-Ⅱ的任务调度···························XIV第5章应用实例····································XVI5.1运行环境·····································XVI5.1.1硬件支撑环境·································XVI5.1.2软件支撑环境·································XVI5.2安装·······································XVI5.3登陆工作站···································XVII5.4系统功能····································XVIII5.5监控中心部分···································XIX5.5.1监控中心架构·································XIX5.5.2监控中心功能·································XIX5.6对车辆的操作···································XX5.6.1位置查询···································XX5.6.2实时监控···································XXI5.6.3轨迹回放···································XXI5.6.4按距离监控··································XXI5.6.5超速报警··································XXII5.6.6偏移路线报警································XXII5.6.7车辆调度··································XXIII总结········································XXIII参考文献······································XXIV附录1英文文献原文···························错误!未定义书签。附录2英文文献翻译···························错误!未定义书签。致谢··································错误!未定义书签。上海理工大学毕业设计I第1章绪论1.1课题背景卫星导航定位是指利用卫星导航定位系统提供的位置、速度及时间等信息来完成对各种目标的定位、导航。卫星导航技术是全球发展最快的三大信息产业之一，涉及集成电路技术、软件技术、通讯技术、嵌入式系统、地理信息系统等多领域的战略性高新科技，在信息、交通、安全防卫、防灾、救灾、环境监测等方面发展前景十分广阔。随着社会的不断进步，车辆在人们的生活中起了越来越重要的作用，而车辆带来的问题也日趋明显，交通堵塞、汽车被偷等案例这些问题，因此，完善智能交通系统是十分重要的，也是解决这些问题的有效措施。车载智能终端是汽车电子化、智能化的一个重要应用。车载智能终端是集GPS技术，GPRS技术和汽车行驶记录仪于一体的综合车辆管理系统。监控中心根据GPRS向其发回的汽车全球定位数据，能够在GIS地图上显示受监控车辆的位置。汽车行驶记录仪能够实时检测汽车行驶过程中的状态数据和事故疑点数据。1.2车载智能终端的发展随着电子工业和电子技术的飞速发展，车载智能终端由当初简单的汽车数据记录仪发展到集数据采集、数据存储、全球定位系统、地理信息系统和各种无线通信技术、多媒体技术于一体的高性能智能化汽车数字电子装置。国外汽车电子技术的发展大致经历了三个阶段：第一个阶段从上世纪60年代中期到七十年代末期，为局部应用阶段；第二阶段为70年代末期到90年代中期，机电一体化思想和技术运用到汽车设计中；第三阶段从上世纪90年代中期到2010年为全面应用阶段。欧盟、日本等国家早在20世纪70年代就开始以立法的形式在部分客运车辆及货车上强制安装使用记录仪，经过靠近30年的发展，已经形成了一套体系完善，车辆监控、调度制度健全的全国范围内的车辆行驶监控中心，大大减少了由于汽车行驶安全带来的人员和财产的损失，也因此受到物流运输、汽车租赁、企事业单位、保险公司和交通管理部门的欢迎。国外在车载智能终端方面的研究受市场需求量的驱动发展迅速，从其稳定性、安全性、易用性、完善性角度比较走在了世界的前列。我国从20世纪80年代后期开始，在少数地区也曾试用过由国内一些科研机构及企业自主研制的数字式汽车电子装置。经过20多年的发展，车载终端的研发已经初具规模，向正规化和专业化发展。但与欧盟等国家相比较，我国汽车电子技术的整体水平比较落后，与国外的主要差距表现在：自主开发能力差，技术水平低、应用范围小、器件和产品精度差、相关立法滞后、研究与应用脱节等。1.3车载研发的国内外现状经过多年的发展，中国车载导航的市场得到了很大的改善，车载导航技术也得到了很大的提升。中国也发射了北斗导航定位系统卫星，这将为汽车定位导航技术