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1冠词用法考纲规定,冠词考查基本用法,包括:1)定冠词与不定冠词;2)不定冠词a与an的区别;3)不用冠词的情况;4)习语中的冠词;5)特指与泛指等。一、冠词的分类:________________、________________、________________。二、冠词的用法:1、冠词的泛指特指和类指。泛指是指首次提到的,不限定的人或事物。特指是指在上文已提到的人或事物,或是指被限制性修饰语在其后加以限定意义的人或事物.也可以是指说话者双方心目中所默认的特指的人或事物。a(n)+单数名词1.泛指:单一、每一、任一事物2.类指the+单数名词1.特指:上文提到过的人或物,说话双方默认的人或物;世上独一无二的事物。2.类指the+复数名词和不可数名词1、特指表示特指上文提到过的人或物,说话双方默认的人或物;世上独一无二的事物。零冠词+复数名词和不可数名词1.泛指的人或事物2.类指*泛指:首次提到的,不限定的人或物(相对于特指而言)(1)a/an+单数名词(2)零冠词+复数名词\不可数名词*特指the+单数名词、复数名词、不可数名词*类指:具有共同性质或典型特例的事物的一个类别(1)a/an+单数名词(2)the+单数名词(3)零冠词+复数名词/不可数名词1、a/an+单数名词、the+单数名词、零冠词+复数名词/不可数名词时,所用冠词都可表类指,但也有细微区别:(1)“the+单数名词”指的是整个类别,这个类别是可以区别于另一个类别的。如:Thecargoesfasterthanthebike.Thehorseisakindofusefulanimal.ThetelephonewasinvitedbyGreenBell.(2)“a/an+单数名词”侧重于指类别中任何一个的特点。Atigerisatypeofverylargefiercewildcatthathasyellowfurwithblackbandsacross;(3)“零冠词+复数名词/不可数名词”侧重指类别中的许多个体。如:Farmersarebusyinautumn.(4)在类指时,如何使用冠词要根据所要表达内容的具体情况而定。如:Thetigerisindangerofbecomingextinct.虎有灭绝的危险。(不能说:Atigerisindangerofbecomingextinct.因为濒临灭绝指的是整个虎类,而不是任何一只虎都面临灭绝的危险。)Step1.不定冠词a,an的用法:1、用于可数名词的单数形式前,指一类人或事,相当于akindof。Eg:Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.2、第一次提及某人某物,非特指.。Aboyiswaitingforyou.3、表示“每一”相当于every,one。Westudyeighthoursaday.4、表示“相同”相当于thesame。Wearenearlyofanage.5、用于人名前,表示“某一”,与acertain同义。或与某名人有类似性质的人或事。AMr.Smithcametovisityouwhenyouwereout./ThatboyisratheraLeiFeng.6、用于固定词组中.。Acoupleof,abit,onceuponatime,inahurry,haveawalk,manyatime27、用于quite,rather,many,half,what,such之后。Thisroomisratherabigone.8.、用于so(as,too,how)+形容词之后。Sheisascleveragirlasyoucanwishtomeet.9、用在某些物质名词前表示“一种、‘一阵、一份、一场”等。Wehadaheavyrainlastnight.10、用在某些抽象名词前,使其具体化。Youareagreathelptoyourmother.用a/an填空1._____university,_____Europeanand_____one-eyedmanwalkedalongroadwith_____usefulthing.Thisis_____usualthing.2._____hourago,_____honestmanaccepted_____unusualgiftandwenttofinish_____honorabletask.1、“CharleyOakley,______NBAAll-star,hasn’tmissed______gameinthepastthreeyears.”“Icanhardlybelieveit.”A.an;theB.a;theC.the;aD.an;a2、MrSmithis____Europeanandhiswifeis____American.A.an,anB.a,aC.a,anD.an,a注意:紧挨冠词的第一个音素为辅音音素(不是辅音字母)时用a,紧挨冠词的第一个音素为元音音素(不是元音字母)时用an。高考链接:完成下列练习并在题旁写出所选答案的理由。1.—Whatdoyouthinkofournewpartner?—Oh,heiseasygoingperson.It'spleasuretoworkwithhim.A.a;aB.a;theC.an;不填D.an;a2.Fromthetopofthebuildingyoucanseeatleastdistanceof100kilometersonclearday.A.a;theB.不填;aC.the;aD.a;a3.Wecanneverexpect____bluerskyunlesswecreate____lesspollutedworld.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;aD.the;the4.Atfirst,itseemedthateverythingwentwell,butallof__sudden,theshiphiticeberg.A.a;anB.a;theC.the;theD.不填;an5.Someoftheexercisesappeartobeonesthatyouhavedone,butaftertaking_secondlook,youwillfindthattheyaredifferent.A.不填;theB.the;theC.the;aD.the;不填6、Firstimpressionsarethemostlasting.Afterall,youneverget__secondchancetomake__firstimpression.A.a;theB.the;theC.a;aD.the;aStep2、定冠词the的用法:1、特指上文提到过的、谈话双方都清楚的、受定语修饰的人或物。Therelmetaforeignerandtheforeignerhelpedmealot./Doyouknowthemanstandingbythewindow?2、用在单数名词前表示某一类人或物。Thehorseisausefulanimal3、用于世上独一无二的事物名词前。theuniverse,themoon,thePacificOcean4、表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事。Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?5、用于乐器前面。playtheviolin,playtheguitar6、用于形容词和分词前表示一类人。thereach,theliving,thewounded7、表示“一家人”或“夫妇”。theGreens,theWangs8、用于序数词和形容词副词比较级\最高级前。Heisthetallerofthetwochildren.9、用于普通名词构成的专有名词如:国家党派等以及江河湖海,山川群岛的名词前。theUnitedStates,theCommunistPartyofChina,theFrench10、用于表示发明物的单数名词前。ThecompasswasinventedinChina.11、在逢十的复数数词之前,指世纪的某个年代。inthe1990’s312、用于表示单位的名词前。Ihiredthecarbythehour.13、用于方位名词,身体部位名词,及表示时间的词组前。Hepattedmeontheshoulder./thesouthof…14、在表示国家的形容词前,泛指该国的人民。.theChinese/theEnglish15、用在一些习惯用语中。inthemorning/thedayaftertomorrow/thenextyear16.用在江河、海洋、湖泊、山脉、群岛等地理名词前。eg:theYellowRiverthePacific(Ocean)theTaishanMountain高考链接:完成下列练习并在题旁写出所选答案的理由。1、.Ilookedunder_____bedandfound______bookIlostlastweek.A.the;aB.the:theC.不填;theD.the:;不填2、ThisareaexperiencedheaviestrainfallinmonthofMay.A.不填;aB.a;theC.the;theD.the;a3、Let'sgotocinema-that'lltakeyourmindofftheproblemforwhile.A.the;theB.the;aC.a;theD.a;a4、.WhatIneedisbookthatcontainsABCofoilpainting.A.a;不填B.the;不填C.the;anD.a;the5、Wehaveeveryreasontobelievethat________2010WorldExpoinShanghaiwillbesuccess.A.不填;aB.the;不填C.the;aD.a;a6、Babiesarenotbornwith___moralsense(是非感);theycan'ttell_____differencebetweenrightandwrong.A.the;theB.a;aC.a;theD.不填;a7.—WhatdisappointmenttoseeLiuXiangquithisgamein__29thBeijingOlympicGames!—ButIstillsupporthim.Afterall,heisinpoorhealth.A.不填;theB.a;theC.the;不填D.the;the8、WhatwholeworldisconcernedaboutiswhethertheUScanfindcureforthefinancialcrisisoftoday.A.a;theB.the;aC.不填;aD.the;the9、Ifwesitnear_______frontofthebus,we’llhave_______betterview.A.不填;theB.不填;aC.the;aD.the;the10、——Couldyoutellmethewayto____Johnsons,please?—Sorry,wedon’thave____Johnsonhereinthevillage.A.the;theB.the;aC./;theD.the;/Step3零冠词的用法:1、专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词,人名地名等名词.BeijingUniversity,Jack,China,love,air①Heattended_____YaleUniversityandgraduatedwith____degreeinpoliticalsciencein1976.A.the,aB./,/C./aD.a,the②---WheredoyousuggestIgoformyholiday?---JiuZhaigou.It’s_______mostbeautifulplaceofinterest.___
本文标题:高中版--冠词用法归纳
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