CCNA中文教材005 IP路由选择协议

5IP5.015.025.035.045.05RIP5.06IGRP5.07OSPF5.15.01(LAN)•••••EthernetEthernet()()EthernetEthernet5-15IP1095-15-25-2FDDIX.25ATM5-3110CCNA5-3••RIPOSPF(metric)5IP111FDDI()5-423A192.168.3.0255.255.255.0192.168.2.2A192.168.1.0192.168.2.0A5-55-43/MAC()MAC()/112CCNAMAC5-5MAC//3•••CPUCPUCPU•••5IP113192.168.1.05.25.025-6•••5-65-6A114CCNABCDIPROUTEIPNOIPROUTE5IP115(RIPIGRPEIGRPOSPF)()5-7192.168.1.0,192.168.3.0,192.168.4.0192.168.5.0Internet202.12.37.0InternetInternetInternet5-7192.168.1.0,192.168.3.0,192.168.4.0,192.168.5.0202.12.37.0DInternet202.12.37.675-7116CCNA(AS)()RIPOSPFPamelaForsyth,CCIE,CCSI,CNX5.35.03IP5IP1175-8BCB192.168.2.2C192.168.3.1(smartrouter)5-8118CCNAGerald34GeraldInternetABCDInternetGeraldDInternetDInternetABCInternetCDBCAB5-8B192.168.1.0192.168.4.0192.168.4.0CCNA5.45.045.4.1Bellman-Ford••()25-9()•••()•225IP1195-95-10AB192.168.1.0BCAAAB3BB192.168.1.04120CCNAE23411212316713224314ABBECCDA361242132451232135316165-10•(Splithorizon)•(Poisonreverse)5-10BC192.168.1.0AB192.168.1.0C216B192.168.1.0A165-111)CAD1A2)CD192.168.1.03A3)D24)B192.168.1.0ADC5)CAD5IP121122CCNAC36)DB192.168.1.0BA7)ACCD8)A192.168.1.09)D10)5-111001()5.4.2•()•()1(LSP)(LSA)LSP(flooding)11)2)3)4)LSP5)LSP6)LSP2RAMDijkstraCPUDijkstra5-15-121CPU5IP123()5.4.3InternetASInternetInternetInternetInternetAS(IGP)(EGP)5-125-12IGPEGP5.55.05RIP(RIP)()TCP/IPRIP122124CCNA21RIPXeroxPARC(PUP)1980XNX(Xerox)1982BSD(Berkeley)UNIXRIPRIP1988RFC1058RIPNovellIPXRIPRIP1635-13DC56KbpsAB192.168.1.0RIPRIP2•5-13RIP••(VLSM)RIP3RIPRIP3RIPRIP2RIPRIPneighbor192.168.2.4NEIGHBOR{IP}RIP5IP125OFFSET-LISt{}{in/out}{}RIP30RIPTIMERSBASIC{updateinvalidholddownflush}•Update•Invalid•Holddown•FlushRIPVERSION1/2RIP122VERSIONRIPIPRIPSENDVERSION1/2IPRIPRECEIVEVER-SION1/2RIP2RIPIPRIPAUTHENTICATIONKEY-CHAIN{}MD5IPRIPAUTHENTICATIONMODE{text\MD5}RIP2NOAUTO-SUMMARYRIPNOVALIDATEUPDATE-SOURCERIPIPSPLIT-HORIZONNOIPSPLIT-HORIZONRIP8-50OUTPUT-DELAY{}126CCNA5.65.06IGRPIGRPCiscoIGRP5-14•••5-14IGRPInternetInternetIGRP9037IGRPIGRPCisco2080IGRPRIPIGRP5IP127211121IGRPRIPIGRPIGRPIGRPROUTERIGRP{}NETWORK{}IGRPIGRPIGRPIGRPIGRPRIPOFFSET-LIST{/}{in|out}{}RIPIGRPIGRPNEIGHBOR{IP}IGRP4()1VARIANC{}TRAFFIC-SHARE{balanceclmin}RIPIGRP•Update•Invalid•Holddown•FlushTIMERSBASIC{updateinvalidholddownflush}{#}NOMETRICHOLDDOWNIGRPIGRP255100METRICMAXIMUM-HOPS{}IPNOVALIDATE-UPDATE-SOURCESMDSIPSPLIT-HORIZONNOIPSPLIT-HORIZON128CCNAEIGRPIGRPEIGRPIGRP(DUAL)DUALEIGRP•EIGRPIGRPASIGRPEIGRPEIGRPIGRP•224•CPU•IP•EIGRPEIGRPDUALDUAL()EIGRPOSPFEIGRPASEIGRP5.75.07OSPFOSPFTCP/IPOSPFOSPF()5IP129OSPF192.168.1.0192.168.254.0255.255.0.0192.168.0.0BIP254COSPF()(ASBR)OSPFIGPEGP••0•()•OSPFCiscoOSPF2RFC1583•Stub•IP•MD5OSPF•RFC1587NSSA(NotSoStubbyAreas)•RFC1793OSPFOSPFOSPF(0.0.0.00)OSPFOSPFROUTEROSPF{}NETWORK{}{}AREA{}OSPFOSPFIPOSPFCOST{}IPOSPFRETRANSMIT-INTERVAL{}IPOSPFTRANSMIT-DELAY{}OSPFIPOSPFPRIORIRTY{}IPOSPF-INTERVL{}IPOSPFDEAD-INTERVAL{}OSPFIPOSPFAUTHENTICATION-KEY{}OSPFMD5IPOSPFMESAGE-DIGEST-KEY{}MD5{}130CCNA5.8()2CPULSALSA122RIP1630RIP224IGRPCiscoEIGRPIGRP5IP1315.92••2•()••••••3••••••••2•()••••(RIP)()•IGRP132CCNA•EIGRPIGRP•OSPFTCP/IPOSPF5.1011)CompanyAhasrecentlymergedwithCompanyB,whichexistsinthesamebuildingandisphysicallycloseenoughforallthecomputerstobelongonthesamenetworksegment.CompanyAusesanATMbackboneandFastEthernetforallnodes.CompanyBhasaTokenRingenvironmentonshieldedtwisted-pairwiring.WhywillCompanyAandCompanyBselectarouterfortheirnewlymergednetwork(ABAATMEthernetBAB)A.NetworksegmentsizehasreachedthemaximumB.NetworkaddressesarenotsufficientforamergednetworkC.TrafficmustbesegmentedtopreventanexpectedbandwidthoverloadD.Arouteristheusualwaytoconnectdissimilarnetworktypes2)Whatarethetwobasicmechanismsthatmakeuparoutingprotocol()A.RouteselectionB.FloodingC.AutonomousSystemsD.DataTransmission3)Whatisaroutingtableusedfor()A.ItisthephysicalsupportfortheroutertositonB.ItcontainsalistofallthetimersusedtopreventroutingloopsC.ItisusedtoselectthebestrouteD.Itmanagestheperiodicupdatealgorithm4)Whattypesofinformationcanbefoundindifferenttypesofroutingprotocolroutingtables()(select3)A.ThedestinationnetworkassociatedwiththenexthopB.ThedestinationnetworkassociatedwiththecostmetricC.ThedestinationnetworkassociatedwiththesubnetmaskD.Thedestinationnetworkassociatedwiththenextpathorinterfacetouse5)Whatisaroutingupdateusedfor()A.Routingupdatesnotifyneighboringrouterswitha5IP133B.RoutingupdatesredistributerouteslearnedfromotherroutingprotocolsC.RoutingupdatesmaintaintheroutingtableD.Routingupdatesincreasethenetworkaddressesavailablebychangingthesubnetmasks6)Whenanodeononenetworksendsapackettoanodeonanothersegmentthatisthreehopsaway,whataddressesareincludedintheinitialaddressingofthatpacket(select2)(3)A.ThenetworkaddressoftherouterB.TheMAClayeraddressoftherouterC.ThenetworkaddressofthedestinationnodeD.TheMAClayeraddressofthedestinationnode7)Whatarethreeobjectivesforaroutingprotocol(3)A.AccuracyB.QuickholddownsC.RapidConvergenceD.Lowoverhead8)Defineconvergence()A.ConvergenceistheupdatesthataretriggeredbynetworkchangesB.Convergenceistheprocessofsendingpacke