(台湾成功大学物理学通俗讲义)星光的秘密-恒星的测量

-q()qqqq()q()q()qq()CCDCCD(10,000K)(6,000K)(3,000K)(μm)(a)n=26563Ån=3(b)n=3n=26563ÅHCCDCCD(10,000K)(6,000K)(μm)Oh,BeAFineGirl/GuyKissMe!0~9G600050005800G23.1O40,000Meissa(O8)B20,000(B8)A10,000(A0)(A1)F7,500(F0)G5,500(G2)K4,500(K2)(K5)M3,000(M2)p206265(parsec)1pc(pc)1)AU206265(1)206265/(AU1pppd===..(L)()()Vv(radialvelocity)(propermotion)(Barnard’sstar)10.2/222222710.2..-λ0λCVrCVr=-lll0-3.8H=486.3nmH0=486.1nm(a)(b)(a)H(0)(b)01.4861.4863.486-=CVrCCVr×≈×=0004.01.4862.0)(1035skmC×=)(120skmVr=CVr=-lll0LuminosityClass/ClassificationChaisson()IaIIIV(linewidth)G2G2V(K)VIVIIIIIIbIaFreedmanIaaOriaScoIbaIIAdaraeIIIaIVaVG2VGG5000K6000K25800KV(a)(b)(c)()2aPaAUP)(4223MMGPa+=p)1(23MMPa+=()aPa=1.496x1011P=365.26=365.26x86400)(4223MMGPa+=p2410976.5×=M3024211311210989.110976.5)8640026.365(1067.6)10496.1()1416.3(4×=×-××××××=-M()19501960197019801990aAUPMAMBaP(MA+MB)MAMB)(23BAMMPa+=()MAMBrArBBBAArMrM=ABBArrMM//=BAABBABArrrpaMrrrpaM+⋅=+⋅=2323;)(23BAMMpa+=a312412)32()16(23=+×=AM11244)32()16(23=+×=BM.5.3⎟⎟⎠⎞⎜⎜⎝⎛=**MMLL1965.3==⎟⎟⎠⎞⎜⎜⎝⎛**LLMMMM4=*196