高一必修2 UNIT5 介词与关系代词的用法 -新课标人教版[整理]

在子句中充当的成分选用的关系词主语/宾语who,that,which宾语whom定语whose状语when,where,why定语从句解题步骤：第一,找出先行词；第二,看先行词在子句中的成分(做主语、宾语还是状语?）第三,选择合适的关系词关系代词关系副词起连词作用，本身又作从句中的主语、宾语、表语或定语即起连接作用，本身又在从句中作时间、地点或原因状语who,whom(…的人）whose(某人的…）which(…东西，指物)that(…的人或物，指物或人）as(象…那样的，和…相同，正如)when(…的时候，修饰的时间名词)where(…的地方修饰场所、方位等名词)why(…原因；…理由)先行词在从句中做介词宾语，介词有两种位置一是紧跟在先行词后；二是位于句尾或动词后。Prep.+whomwhich7.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句Thisisthehouse.Afamouswriteroncelivedinit.Thisisthehouseinwhichafamouswriteroncelived.whereIwillneverforgettheday.IjoinedtheLeagueontheday.IwillneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedtheLeague.whenTheladylostherpurse.MrSmithistalkingtoher.TheladytowhomMrSmithistalkinglostherpurse.Thehouseisgoingtoberebuilt.Weputourtoolsinit.Thehousewhereweputourtoolsisgoingtoberebuilt.=Thehouseinwhichweputourtoolsisgoingtoberebuilt.=Thehouse(that)weputourtoolsinisgoingtoberebuilt.Thelady(that)MrSmithistalkingtolostherpurse.*如果介词与其前面的动词是固定搭配的动词短语，介词不可前置。Bobfoundthedictionary.Ihadbeenlookingforit.Bobfoundthedictionary(that)Ihadbeenlookingfor.Iwasbornintheyear.TheSecondWorldWarbrokeoutintheyear.IwasbornintheyearwhentheSecondWorldWarbrokeout.关系代词前介词的确定1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：e.g.Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?2.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：e.g.CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichI’msure.3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：e.g.1949wastheyearinwhichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.32.Thedress______isbluebelongstoLiPing.A.who'scolorB.thecolorofwhich(=whosecolor)C.itscolorD.thecolorofwhoseB40.Thistestisforstudents______nativelanguageisnotEnglish.A.thatB.whoseC.ofwhomD.whichB32.ThedresswhosecolorisbluebelongstoLiPing.whosecolor=thecolorofwhich关系代词前的介词的确定5.Whose从句可转换为“of+关系代词”型，如：e.g.Theyliveinahouse,whosedooropenstothesouth.Theylivedinahouse,ofwhichthedooropenstothesouth.Theylivedinahouse,thedoorofwhichopentothesouth1.Doyouknowwholivesinthebuilding______thereisawell?A.infrontofitB.infrontofwhoseC.infrontofwhichD.infrontwhich2.I’llneverforgettheday____IjoinedtheLeague.A.onwhichB.inwhichC.whichD.atwhich3.Thewoman_____mybrotherspokejustnowismyteacher.A.whoB.towhomC.towhoDwhom4.Jeannewasheroldfriend,____sheborrowedanecklace.A.fromwhoB.fromwhomC.tothatD.towhom5.Hisglasses,_____hewaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbrokeitsleg.A.whichB.withwhichC.withoutwhichD.thatCABBC6.sheisateacherofmuchknowledge,_____muchcanbelearned.A.whoB.thatC.fromwhichD.fromwhom7.Hebuiltatelescope_____hecouldstudytheskies.A.inwhichB.withthatC.throughwhichD.byit8.Doyouknowthereason____hewaslate?A.thatB.whichC.forwhatD.forwhich9.Ihaveboughttwoballpens,____writeswell.A.noneofwhichB.neitherofwhichC.noneofthemD.neitherofthem10.TheSecondWorldWar_____millionsofpeoplewerekilledin1945.A.duringwhichB.inthatC.whereD.onwhichDCDBA11.Chinahasmanyrivers,____theChangjiangRiveristhelongest.A.whichB.inwhichC.amongwhichD.oneofwhich12.Thisistheveryknife_____Iusedtocutapplesyesterday.A.thatB.bywhichC.whichD.withwhich13.Thespeed____whichyoudriveyourcarmustn’ttoohigh.14.Intheparktherearemanyflowers,thecolour_____whichisbrightandnice.15.Thelittlegirlisreadingabook,_____whichtherearemanypictures.16.Whatwerethethings_______whichhewasnottoosure?CDatofinabout17.Theyheldameeting,____whichthehospitaldirectormadeaspeech.18.Thebook,_____whichhepaid6yuan,isworthreading.19.Isthistheman____whosehousethepolicefoundthelostcolouredTV?20.Thevillagersdugalongtunnel______whichtheycouldgotothefieldswithoutbeingfoundbytheJapanesesoldiers.21.WuDong,_____whomIwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.22.ThestoriesaboutLongMarch,_____whichthisisoneexample,arewellwritten.atforinthroughwithof结论:介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句,关键是判断介词的选择,方法一是看从句谓语部分缺少什么介词(习惯搭配),再则可以通过整个句子整体含义来判断,结合生活实际来判断.介词加关系代词的基本用法Theman__________youshookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.Theroom__________myfamilyliveusedtobeagarage.Didyoufindthepen_________Iwrotejustnow?Didyoufindthepaper________Iwrotemyletter?Didyoufindthecomposition______Iwrotejustnow?withwhominwhichwithwhichonwhichwhich1.I’llneverforgetthedays______________weworkedtogether.2.I’llneverforgetthedays___________wespenttogether.3.IwenttotheplaceIworkedtenyearsago.4.Iwenttotheplace_____________Ivisitedtenyearsago.5.Thisisthereason_____________________hewaslate.6.Thisisthereason_____________________hegave.when/inwhichwhichwhere/inwhichwhichwhy/forwhichthat/which几种易混的情况及物动词及物动词及物动词1A.Isthisthefactory_____youvisitedlastyear?B.Isthisfactory____youvisitedlastyear?a.thatb.wherec.inwhichd.theone2.A.MrSmithisoneofthoseforeignerswho____workinginChina.B.MrSmithistheonlyoneofthoseforeignerswho____workinginChina.a.isb.hasc.haved.are3.A.Don’tdiscussquestionssuch_____those.B.Let’sdiscussonlythequestions______weareinterestedin.a.whichb.thatc.asd.aboutwhich4.A.All____Ineedisagoodrest.a.Whatb.AllwhatB.____Ineedisagoodrest.c.thatd.Whichaddacbca5.A.Pisaisacity,___hasaleaningtower.B.Pisaisacity,____thereisaleaningtower.a.whichb.thatc.whered.there6.A.Thisistheplace____wevisitedlastyear.B.Thistheplace____weworkedlastyear.a.whichb.wherec.inthatd.there7.A.Thenews____hetolduswasveryexciting.B.Hehasbroughtusthenews____ourteamhaswonthegame.a.whatb.asc.thatd.where8.Itisinabox____Ihavehiddenmym