非传染性疾病预防控制策略

2008-2013ActionPlanfortheGlobalStrategyforthePreventionandControlofNoncommunicableDiseasesWorkinginpartnershiptopreventandcontrolthe4noncommunicablediseases—cardiovasculardiseases,diabetes,cancersandchronicrespiratorydiseasesandthe4sharedriskfactors—tobaccouse,physicalinactivity,unhealthydietsandtheharmfuluseofalcohol.chronicrespiratorydiseasescardiovasculardiseasestobaccousephysicalinactivityharmfuluseofalcoholcancersdiabetesunhealthydietsThesixobjectivesofthe2008-2013ActionPlanare:2008-2013ActionPlanToraisethepriorityaccordedtononcommunicablediseaseindevelopmentworkatglobalandnationallevels,andtointegratepreventionandcontrolofsuchdiseasesintopoliciesacrossallgovernmentdepartmentsTopromoteresearchforthepreventionandcontrolofnoncommunicablediseases1.4.Objectives6.ToestablishandstrengthennationalpoliciesandplansforthepreventionandcontrolofnoncommunicablediseasesTopromotepartnershipsforthepreventionandcontrolofnoncommunicablediseasesTopromoteinterventionstoreducethemainsharedmodifiableriskfactorsfornoncommunicablediseases:tobaccouse,unhealthydiets,physicalinactivityandharmfuluseofalcoholTomonitornoncommunicablediseasesandtheirdeterminantsandevaluateprogressatthenational,regionalandgloballevels2.3.5.01WHOLibraryCataloguing-in-PublicationData2008-2013actionplanfortheglobalstrategyforthepreventionandcontrolofnoncommunicablediseases:preventandcontrolcardiovasculardiseases,cancers,chronicrespiratorydiseasesanddiabetes.1.Cardiovasculardiseases-preventionandcontrol.2.Neoplasms-preventionandcontrol.3.Respiratorytractdiseases-preventionandcontrol.4.Diabetesmellitus-preventionandcontrol.5.Chronicdiseases-preventionandcontrol.6.Strategicplanning.7.Internationalcooperation.I.WorldHealthOrganization.II.Title:Actionplanfortheglobalstrategyforthepreventionandcontrolofnoncommunicablediseases.III.Title:Preventandcontrolcardiovasculardiseases,cancers,chronicrespiratorydiseasesanddiabetes.ISBN9789241597418(NLMclassification:WT500)©WorldHealthOrganization2008Allrightsreserved.PublicationsoftheWorldHealthOrganizationcanbeobtainedfromWHOPress,WorldHealthOrganization,20AvenueAppia,1211Geneva27,Switzerland(tel:[phone];fax:[phone];e-mail:[e-mail]).RequestsforpermissiontoreproduceortranslateWHOpublications–whetherforsaleorfornoncommercialdistribution–shouldbeaddressedtoWHOPress,attheaboveaddress(fax:[phone];e-mail:[e-mail]).ThedesignationsemployedandthepresentationofthematerialinthispublicationdonotimplytheexpressionofanyopinionwhatsoeveronthepartoftheWorldHealthOrganizationconcerningthelegalstatusofanycountry,territory,cityorareaorofitsauthorities,orconcerningthedelimitationofitsfrontiersorboundaries.Dottedlinesonmapsrepresentapproximateborderlinesforwhichtheremaynotyetbefullagreement.Thementionofspecificcompaniesorofcertainmanufacturers’productsdoesnotimplythattheyareendorsedorrecommendedbytheWorldHealthOrganizationinpreferencetoothersofasimilarnaturethatarenotmentioned.Errorsandomissionsexcepted,thenamesofproprietaryproductsaredistinguishedbyinitialcapitalletters.AllreasonableprecautionshavebeentakenbytheWorldHealthOrganizationtoverifytheinformationcontainedinthispublication.However,thepublishedmaterialisbeingdistributedwithoutwarrantyofanykind,eitherexpressedorimplied.Theresponsibilityfortheinterpretationanduseofthemateriallieswiththereader.InnoeventshalltheWorldHealthOrganizationbeliablefordamagesarisingfromitsuse.PrintedbytheWHODocumentProductionServices,Geneva,SwitzerlandDesignandlayout:FABRICA(NamyoungAn)022008-2013ActionPlan2008-2013ActionPlanfortheGlobalStrategyforthePreventionandControlofNoncommunicableDiseases01020304050708303240ForewordIntroductionActionPlanfortheGlobalStrategyforthePreventionandControlofNoncommunicableDiseasesWorldHealthAssemblydocumentA61/8(April2008)ResolutionoftheSixty-firstWorldHealthAssembly2008:PreventionandControlofNoncommunicableDiseases:ImplementationoftheGlobalStrategyWorldHealthAssemblyresolutionWHA61.14(May2008)GlobalStrategyforthePreventionandControlofNoncommunicableDiseasesWorldHealthAssemblydocumentA53/14(March2000)ResolutionoftheFifty-thirdWorldHealthAssembly2000:PreventionandControlofNoncommunicableDiseasesWorldHealthAssemblyresolutionWHA53.17(May2000)03042008-2013ActionPlanForeword“Weknowwhatworks,weknowwhatitcostsandweknowthatallcountriesareatrisk.WehaveanActionPlantoavertmillionsofprematuredeathsandhelppromoteabetterqualityoflifeformillionsmore.”Today,noncommunicablediseases(NCDs),mainlycardiovasculardiseases,cancers,chronicrespiratorydiseasesanddiabetesrepresentaleadingthreattohumanhealthanddevelopment.Thesefourdiseasesaretheworld’sbiggestkillers,causinganestimated35milliondeathseachyear-60%ofalldeathsglobally-with80%inlow-andmiddle-incomecountries.Thesediseasesarepreventable.Upto80%ofheartdisease,stroke,andtype2diabetesandoverathirdofcancerscouldbepreventedbyeliminatingsharedriskfactors,mainlytobaccouse,unhealthydiet,physicalinactivityandtheharmfuluseofalcohol.Unlessaddressed,themortalityanddiseaseburdenfromthesehealthproblemswillcontinuetoincrease.WH