A-Clean-Well-lighted-place

OnHemingway’sShortStoryAClean,andWell-LightedPlace谈如何理解海明威《一个干净明亮的地方》AbstractErnestHemingwayisoneoftheoutstandingAmericanshort-storywritersinthetwentiethcentury.Hisworksaresonotedforprofoundideasandabundantconnotationsthattheyarepopularwithreaders.HeisarepresentativeoftheLostGeneration.Hisworksarebasedonhisownspecialexperiences,theenvironmentandtheagehelivedin.Almostallofhisworksreflectthepessimisticnihilism.TheshortstoryACleanandWell-lightedPlacewasoneofHemingway’searlyworks.Itisaclassicalshortstorywithnihilism,assumingtypicalHemingway’sstyle,thatis,takingNothingnessasthethemeandemployingabundantsimplesentences.Inthework,Hemingway,basedonthestorybetweentheoldmanandthetwowaiters,pointedoutthatNadacommonlyexistsinhuman’slife,itisactuallytheexperienceofone’sownexistence,andtheonlywaytoresistNadaistokeepacleanandwell-lightedplaceinthemind.Inordertounderstandtheworkandtheauthor’sideascompletelyandthoroughly,thisthesismakesananalysisofthenovelfromdifferentangles,includingHemingway’sbiography,thewritingbackgroundofthenovel,themaincharactersinthenovelandthethemeofNada.Throughtheanalysis,thethesisencodestheoriginandtheessenceofNada.KeyWordsHemingway;LostGeneration;acleanandwell-lightedplace;Nada(Nothingness)摘要海明威是二十世纪美国著名短篇小说家，其作品思想深刻，内容丰富，脍炙人口。海明威是“迷惘的一代”的代表人物，其作品的创作思想大多来源于他的个人经历以及他生活的环境和时代，作品大都反映了悲观的虚无思想。短篇小说《一个干净明亮的地方》是海明威的早期作品，是一部典型的虚无主义小说，具有典型的海明威风格：文章以虚无思想为主题并大量使用简洁句。在这篇小说中，海明威通过老人和两位服务员的故事阐明虚无是普遍存在的，虚无是对存在的体验，人类只有在内心保持一片干净明亮的地方才能抵御虚无。为了正确理解该篇小说以及作者的思想，本文从不同角度分析了作家和作品，包括对海明威生平的研究，小说的写作背景、主要人物和虚无主题的分析，阐明了小说虚无思想的起源和本质。关键词海明威；迷惘的一代；干净明亮的地方；虚无思想IntroductionErnestHemingwayisawell-knownAmericanwriterinthetwentiethcentury.Hisworkshaveuniquecharacteristicsbothinthemeandwritingstyle.Somecriticsthinkthathisworksarebasedonhisownexperiencesandthetimewhenhelived.Actually,Hemingway’slifewasfullofromance.Heexperiencedmanywarsinhislife.BecausehisworksreflectthehurtthatthewarbringstohumanbeinganddescribethelossofthebeliefsofthegenerationaftertheWorldWarI,heisregardedasthespokesmanoftheLostGeneration.Hemingway’sshortstoryACleanandWell-LightedPlacewaswritteninhisearlytime,andisoneofclassicalworksofHemingway’sstyleaswell.Inthisshortstory,hemostlyusedshortandsimplesentences.Thethemeofnothingnessisacontroversialandpopulartopicinmodernliterature.Inordertounderstandthenovelandtheauthor’sminds,thisthesismakesananalysisofthenovelfromdifferentangles,includingthegeneralbiographyofHemingway,thewritingbackgroundofthenovel,thecharactersinthenovel,thewritingstyleoftheshortstory,andthethemeofnada.Inthepast,somepeoplethoughtHemingway’smindswerepessimistic,andACleanandWell-LightedPlacewasaclassicnovelofnihilism.Intheauthor’sopinion,ACleanandWell-LightedPlacemakesthereaderstoponderoverthemeaningoflifeandisworthyofreadingandstudying.I.TheBackgroundoftheAuthorandtheNovelErnestHemingway(1899-1961)isawell-knownAmericannovelistandshortstorywriterinmoderntimes,andoneofthemostcelebratedandinfluentialauthorsinthetwentiethcentury.HewasawardedtheNobelPrizein1954forhisshortstory—TheOldManandtheSea.Moreover,whenreferringtoHemingway,heisalwaysrelatedwiththeLostGeneration.ItiscertainthatHemingway’slifeisfullofromance.Hisspecialexperiencemakeshisworksrepresentageneration,andstillhasagreatinfluenceonmodernliterature.IfHemingway’snovelisstudied,itisdefinitetomakearesearchonErnestHemingwayhimselfatfirst.A.TheGeneralBiographyofHemingwayErnestHemingwaywasborninadoctorfamilyinChicagoin1899.Whenhewasachild,helikedfishingandhunting.Heoftenspenthissummeroutdoorswithhisfather.Thisexperiencemadehimadapttotheoutdoorlife.In1917,afterbeinggraduatedfromtheMiddleSchool,HemingwaybecameajournalistoftheStarTime，wherehereceivedstrictprofessionaltrainingasajournalist.DuringtheFirstWorldWar,becauseoftheeyeillness,Hemingwaycannotjointhearmyinthefront.HefinallyvolunteeredtojointheRedCrossofAmericaandbecameadriverintheambulancecorps.Inonemissionofrescuingthewounded,Hemingwaywasseriouslywoundedandthenwentbacktohishometown.Hequicklybecameaheroatthattime.Later,hewenttoParisandexpatriatedthereasajournalistoftheStarTimeofCanada.Sincethen,Hemingwaystartedhislifeofliteratureproduction.Hemingway’sfirstnovelwasTheSunalsoRises(1926).ThebookdescribesagroupofAmericansandEnglishmen,whohavesufferedalotphysicallyandemotionallyduringthewar.AFarewelltoArms(1929)recallsthesufferinganddestructionoftheWorldWarI,talkingaboutthelovestorybetweenanAmericanofficerandaBritishnursewhometinthewar-tornItaly.ThisbookispartlybasedonHemingway’sownexperienceattheItalianfront.DeathintheAfternoon(1932)describesthebullfighting.Besides,ForWhomtheBellTolls(1940)isanimportantnovelabouttheSpanishCivilWar.Mostoftheseworkstakethewarasbackground,describingthepainsthewarbringstohumanbeing,andreflectingayoungergeneration’saimlessnessafterthewar.Atthattime,theseworksimmediatelywontheresponsesfrommanypeoplewhosurvivedthewarphysicallybutwereafterwardsspirituallyandmorallyadrift.Then,HemingwaybecamethespokesmanforwhattheGertrudeSteinhadcalled“TheLostGeneration”.Hemingwayisfamousforhisliterarystyle:simple,understated,anddirect.Hewas