英语-猜测词义

阅读理解解题指导---猜测词义高二英语备课组2012.4•Ignore(忽略)themandcontinuereading•Lookthemupinthedictionary•GuessthemeaningHowtodealwithnewwordsorphrasesinreadingcomprehensionInquiry-basedActivities(I)探究活动(1)Agame:抢答1.Therearesomeglaciersmovingdownthemountainvalleys.Aglacierisariverofice.A.雪山B.树枝C.冰河D.冰2.Heisaresoluteman.Oncehemadeuphismindtodosomething,hewon’tgiveituphalfway.A.weakB.firmC.kindD.clever•3.SinceIcouldnotaffordtopurchasetheoriginalpainting,Iboughtareplica.Aninexperiencedeyecouldnottellthedifference.•A.答复B.复制品C.作品D.珍品•4.He’ssuchashrewdbusinessmanthathelosesnomoneyinanytrade.•A.吝啬的B.精明的C.奢侈的D.贫穷的5.Theoldwomanhasastrangehabittokeepover100catsinherhouse.Herneighborallcallheraneccentriclady.A.爱猫的B.古怪的C.闲不住D.动物保护主义者6.Inmanycountriestherearetwofinancialextremes,frompenurytogreatwealth.A.便士B.温饱C.非常贫困D.虚弱7.Mrs.Smithisloquaciouswhileherhusbandisthesilenttype.A.活泼的B.好动的C.多嘴多舌的D.可爱的8.Thosenewcomerswerenotusedtothelifeinthesuburbswhichwassodifferentfromthatinsidethecity.A.townB.capitalC.countrysideD.house9.Thefemalemosquitoisavampireandlivesonblood.A.吸血鬼B.昆虫C.蚊子D.情报10.Childrenarealwaysboasting.Theysaythingslike“MyDad’scarisbiggerthanyourDad’s,”“MyMomissmarterthanyours.”and“Myfamilyhasmoremoneythanyours.”Theword“boasting”means_____.A.骄傲B.吹牛C.顽皮D.幼稚语境法Contextclues构词法Wordformation猜测词义1.Butnearlyallscientistsnowagreethe10percenttheoryiscompletelyunfounded.Infact,theyquestionhowthisfigurewaseverarrivedatinthefirstplaceandwhatareasofthebrainaresupposedtobeneeded.(2012广州一模）•Usingwordformation（构词法）found:tobaseorconstructsthonsthUnfounded:withnobasisinfact;unprovensupernaturalmicrowave(超自然的)subconsciousmispronounce(潜意识的)transplantpostgraduate(移植)decontrolwaterproof(解除控制)Canyouguesstherightmeanings?(微波)(研究生)(发错音)(防水的)?Usethecontextclue语境法Discussion&discovery1.Atthebeginningtheydidnothaveenoughcapitaltostartabusiness,norweretheyabletoborrowtheamountofmoneytheyneededfromthebank.money方法探究一nor资本2.Doctorsbelievethatsmokingisdetrimentaltopeople'shealth.Theyalsoregarddrinkingasharmful.harmful有害的3.Althoughheoftenhadthechance,Mr.Brownwasneverabletostealmoneyfromacustomer.Thiswouldendangeredhispositionatthebank,andhedidnotwanttojeopardizehisfuture.Theword“jeopardize”means_____inthistext.A.protectB.endangerC.continueD.stopB作者可能会用一个近义词或者同义词去解释另一个更难的词，以便使他的文字意思更清楚，近义词往往出现在同一句或者同一段落中。由and或or，like,as…as,thesameas等连接的两个词构成同义关系；方法小结之一：同义词、近义词等同义关系1.Ratherthanlikingthemovie,asIexpectedthemto,allmyfriendsabhorredit.2.Hehadbeengettingbetterbutduringthenighthisconditiondeteriorated.Ratherthanliking方法探究二gettingbetterdisgust厌恶becomeworse恶化(3)Atwo-bedroomflatinMoscownowcosts$4,000amonth;aCD$24.83,andaninternationalnewspaper$6.30,accordingtoMercer.Bycomparison,afastfoodmealwithahamburgerisastealat$4.80.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“asteal”inParagraph3mean?A.anactofstealingB.somethingdeliciousC.somethingverycheapD.anactofbuying方法小结之二：反义词、对比转折关系butyethoweverwhileunlikeincontrastBycomparisonRatherthanontheotherhandonthecontrarydespiteinspiteofInsteadthough1.Itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle,thatis,itwillbreakeasily.thatis2.Thenewcoupleboughtalotofhouseholdappliances,suchaswashingmachine,fridgeandmicrowaveovenect.Hardbuteasilybroken硬而易碎的家电方法探究三3.Thetypeofmeteriscalledmillimeter,whichisusedtomeasureelectricity.万用表方法小结之三：定义、解释或举例等同位关系meanrefertonamelybecalledbeidentifiedastoputitdifferently定语从句orforexamplesuchasforinstancethisisThatistosayinotherwords1.sinceyouaremysuperior（上级）,itwouldbepresumptuousofmetotellyouwhattodo.方法探究四2.Studyshowedthatitisanunusualkindofprotein.Ithasmanysmallsugarmolecules（分子）heldinspecialpositionsmwithineachbigproteinmolecule.Becauseofitssugarcontent,itiscalledaglycoprotein.Soithascometobecalledtheantifreezefishglycoprotein,orAFGP.Whatdoes“glycol”inunderlinedword“glycoprotein”inthethisparagraphmean?A.sugarB.iceC.bloodD.molecule冒失的方法小结之四：因果关系Withthehelpofconjunctionslike:because,as，since，for，so，thus，asaresult，therefore，so…that...1.Butthenewstudylooksatthe25“hotspots”——areasthatcontainabigconcentrationofplantsandanimals——andpredictsthat11.6percentofallspecies---—方法探究五2.Youcantakeanyoftheperiodicals:TheWorldofEnglish,ForeignLanguageTeachinginSchools,orEnglishLearning.A.dictionariesB.story-booksC.magazinesD.newspapers热点地区方法小结之五：标点符号利用冒号；破折号；括号等后面的提示确定词义1.Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient,heusuallygivesananaesthetictomakehimunconscious,becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.2.Whenyouthrowastoneintostillwaterofalake,youwillwatcharipplespreadinringsonthesurfaceofwater.麻药波纹方法探究六方法小结之六：经验和常识利用生活常识；背景知识，相关经验，文体特点等上下文提示确定词义•Usingcontext(上下文）clues（线索）1.同义词、近义词2.反义词、对比转折3.定义、解释或举例4.因果关系5.标点符号6.经验常识、上下文consolidationNow,let’scometomorepractice!Practicemakesperfect!•1.(05广东卷)“UnlikevitaminC,leadershipskillscan’tbeeasilyswalloweddown.Theymustbecarefullycultivated.”Differentfrompopularbelief,mostgoodleadersaremade,notborn.Theylearntheirskillsintheireverydaylives.Butwhichdotheydevelop?Howdothey(andhowcanyou)getotherstofollow?•Theunderlinedwordroughlymeans____.A.encouragedB.comparedC.examinedD.developed信息词、对比关系•2.(广东卷）Eachoftheg