高中U1P3 Grammar定语从句

定语从句Relativeclauses(3)DefiningandNon-definingClauses限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句先行词关系词定语从句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatWhere,when1.引导定语从句。2.代替先行词。3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。关系词的三个作用:Haveatry指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：1.ThemanwhocametoourschoolisMr.Wang.()2.Thegirl(whom)ImetisLucy.()3.AchildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.()4.Ilikethebook(which)youboughtyesterday.()主语宾语定语宾语Haveatry5.Hisparentswouldn’tlethimmarryanyonewhosefamilywaspoor.()6.Weshallneverforgetthedays(that)wespenttogether.()7.Weshallneverthedayswhenwelivedtogether.()定语宾语状语以下情况只能用that1先行词既有指人又有指物2当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级时，有theonly,thevery等修饰时3先行词是all,much,anything,something,nothing等不定代词4主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时5当先行词在定语从句中作表语时Fillintheblanks.1.Istillremembertheday_________wespentintheforest.2.Istillremembertheday____________IfirstcametoBeijing.3.Thefactory_________wewillvisitislarge.4.Thefactory___________hisfatherworksislarge.5.I’llneverforgetthetime_____________weworkonthefarm.6.Thisisthehouse____________welivedlastyear.that/whichwhenthat/whichwherewhenwhere归纳:关系副词when指时间,关系副词where指地点,在定语从句中作状语。即使先行词是时间地点,若作从句中的宾语，只能用关系代词that,which.“介词＋关系代词”即“介词＋whom/which”引导定语从句应注意：介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素A.与先行词的搭配关系1）Iwillneverforgettheday_____________Ijoinedthearmy.2)Iwillneverforgettheyear____________mysonwenttocollege.onwhichinwhichB.与谓语动词的搭配习惯1）Haveyoufoundthebook____________Ipaid29USdollars?2)Haveyoufoundthebook_____________Ispent29USdollars?3)Haveyoufoundthebook_____________welearntalot?forwhichonwhichfromwhich•CanyoutellthedifferencebetweenRestrictiveandNon-RestrictiveClause?DefiningandNon-definingClauses限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句和先行词关系密切，如果去掉从句，剩余部分意义不完整；非限制性定语从句只是先行词的附加说明，如果去掉从句，意义仍然完整。DifferencesComma（逗号）Thenon-restrictiveattributiveclausecanbeleftout.（非限制性定语从句可被省略）Wecan’tuse“that”init.（非限制性定语从句中不可以用that)Wecan’tmisstherelativewords.（非限制性定语从句中关系代词不可以被省略）关系代词：which/who/whom/whose/as关系副词：when/where(非限制性定语从句中不用关系词that；非限制性定语从句中关系词不能省略)非限制性定语从句中通常使用下列关系代词和副词。注意:非限制性定语从句中的关系代词which可以代表一个词，词组，或者整个句子。翻译以下句子:(注意先找先行词)1)昨天我买了一本书，非常有趣。2)英语晚会真是很好，它是在我们教室开的。3)他把我的自行车丢了，我对此很不高兴。YesterdayIboughtabook,whichisveryinteresting.TheEnglishParty,whichwasheldinourClassroom,wasreallygood.Helostmybike,whichmademeunhappy.词词组整个句子特殊的关系代词1.as(1)As引导限制性定语从句用在固定搭配as…as,so…as,such…as,thesameas..Youmaytakeasmanybooksasyouwant.Ihavegotsuchacomputerasyours.ThisisthesamebicycleasIhavelost.ThisisthesamebicyclethatIhavelost**Thesame…as..表示它的内容与先行词所讲的事物是一类，而thesamethat…是同一个**（2）as引导非限制性定语从句指代整个主句或主句的部分内容Asweallknow,lighttravelsfasterthansound.Taiwan,asyouknow,isaninseparablepartofchina.Which&as的区别Smokingisharmfultoone’shealth,asisknowntousall.Itwasrainingheavilylastnight,whichpreventedmefromgoingtotheparty.As引导的非限制性定语从句可置于主句的任何位置，而which只能放在主句句末As引导的非限制性定语句经常翻译成“正如”而which翻译成“这一点”As在从句中做主语时，谓语动词一般为Be而which不用