(8)Unit 4《信息管理与信息系统专业英语》PM

《信息管理与信息系统专业英语》Unit2—PMandSDLC--PartI(PM)《SQLServer数据库管理与开发》安徽财贸职业学院计算机系ProjectmanagementLearningoutlines:AjokeofPM..Whatisprojectmanagement?HowmanystagesareincludedinProjectManagement?Andwhatarethey?PMprimer…《SQLServer数据库管理与开发》安徽财贸职业学院计算机系Projectmanagement----PMprimerAjokeofPMAtouristwalkedintoapetshopandwaslookingattheanimalsondisplay.Whilehewasthere,anothercustomerwalkedinandsaidtotheshopkeeper,I'llhaveaC(see)monkeyplease.Theshopkeepernodded,wentovertoacageatthesideoftheshopandtookoutamonkey.《SQLServer数据库管理与开发》安徽财贸职业学院计算机系Projectmanagement----JokeAjokeofPMHefittedacollar（项圈）andleash,handedittothecustomer,saying,“That‘llbe￡5,000.“Thecustomerpaidandwalkedoutwithhismonkey.Startled（大吃一惊）,thetouristwentovertotheshopkeeperandsaid,Thatwasaveryexpensivemonkey.Mostofthemareonlyafewhundredpounds.Whydiditcostsomuch?《SQLServer数据库管理与开发》安徽财贸职业学院计算机系Projectmanagement----PMprimerAjokeofPMTheshopkeeperanswered,Ah,thatmonkeycanprograminC-veryfast,tightcode,nobugs,wellworththemoney.“Thetouristlookedatamonkeyinanothercage.Hey,thatone'sevenmoreexpensive!￡10,000!Whatdoesitdo?“Oh,thatone'saC++monkey;itcanmanageobject-orientedprogramming,VisualC++,evensomeJava.Allthereallyusefulstuff,saidtheshopkeeper.《SQLServer数据库管理与开发》安徽财贸职业学院计算机系Projectmanagement----PMprimerAjokeofPMThetouristlookedaroundforalittlelongerandsawathirdmonkeyinacageofitsown.Thepricetagarounditsneckread￡50,000.Thetouristgasped(气呼呼)totheshopkeeper,Thatonecostsmorethanalltheothersputtogether!Whatonearthdoesitdo?“Theshopkeeperreplied,Well,Ihaven'tactuallyseenitdoanything,butitsaysit'saprojectmanager.《SQLServer数据库管理与开发》安徽财贸职业学院计算机系ProjectManagement--ThinkingQuestionsHowmanyphasesareincludedinPM?《SQLServer数据库管理与开发》安徽财贸职业学院计算机系Projectmanagement--ThedefinitionofPMWhatisPM??.....PMistheabbreviationofprojectmanagement.definitionofPMareasfollowing:isthedisciplineofplanning,organizing,andmanagingresourcestobringaboutthesuccessfulcompletionofspecificprojectgoalsandobjectives.(retrievedfrom:)《SQLServer数据库管理与开发》安徽财贸职业学院计算机系Projectmanagement----ThestagesofPMThephasesofPMarefollowing,butnofixedphases!ProjectinitiationandPIDRequirementsengineeringSystemdesignSoftwareconstructionHardwarepurchaseIntegration&systemtestingInstallation&cut-overProjectclose-downMaintenance《SQLServer数据库管理与开发》安徽财贸职业学院计算机系Projectmanagement----ThestagesofPMWhatisPID?PIDisabbreviationofprojectinitiationDocument,itisagreementtorunproject.Projectinitiation&PIDwillinclude:StatementofAimTheobjectivesInitialestimatesoftasksInitialplanProposedallocationofwork《SQLServer数据库管理与开发》安徽财贸职业学院计算机系Projectmanagement----ThestagesofPMRequirementEngineering:Requirementselicitation(获取)&collectionRequirementscollation(校对)&conflictmanagementProblemsolvingFunctionalanalysisSpecification《SQLServer数据库管理与开发》安徽财贸职业学院计算机系Projectmanagement----ThestagesofPMSystemDesign--methodsTop-DownBottom-UpHybridEvolutionaryPrototypingAnyelse…..《SQLServer数据库管理与开发》安徽财贸职业学院计算机系Projectmanagement----ThestagesofPMSoftwareConstructionProceduralprogrammingFunctionalprogrammingLogicprogrammingChoiceofappropriateprogramminglanguageO-OprogrammingParallelprogramming《SQLServer数据库管理与开发》安徽财贸职业学院计算机系Projectmanagement----ThestagesofPMSoftwareConstruction—ActualcodingModularity（模块化）Complexity（复杂性）Coupling（耦合性）else…..《SQLServer数据库管理与开发》安徽财贸职业学院计算机系Projectmanagement----ThestagesofPMHardwarepurchasePrimeContractor（主承包商）ComputerEquipmentCabling&Wiring（布电缆和电线）else。。。《SQLServer数据库管理与开发》安徽财贸职业学院计算机系Projectmanagement----ThestagesofPMIntegrationandSystemtestingEachsoftwareunitandhardwareunithasbeenindividuallytestedduringdevelopmentNowputthepiecestogetherandtesthowthesystemreactstothenewinclusions(加入部分)Testfortimingandtimedelays,compatibility（兼容性）withotherpartsoftheexistingsystem,anyunexpectedinterference(干扰)andside-effects(副作用)《SQLServer数据库管理与开发》安徽财贸职业学院计算机系Projectmanagement----ThestagesofPMInstallationandcut-overDirectcut-overtonewpartofsystemParallelrunningofnewpartwithpreviouspartPilot(试点)cut-overofonedepartmentPiecewise(分段)cut-over《SQLServer数据库管理与开发》安徽财贸职业学院计算机系Projectmanagement----ThestagesofPMProjectClose-downPreparerollingplan(后续计划)forfutureupgradesPayalloutstandingaccounts(未付清的帐)RelocatestaffReceivefinalpayment《SQLServer数据库管理与开发》安徽财贸职业学院计算机系Projectmanagement----ThestagesofPMMaintenancedividesintofourareas:SupportmaintenancemakesthesystemrunasintendedAdaptivemaintenancemovesthesystemfromoneenvironmenttoanotherCorrectivemaintenanceremovesbugsEnhancementmaintenanceaddsnewfunctionalityafterinstallation《SQLServer数据库管理与开发》安徽财贸职业学院计算机系Projectmanagement----PMprimerTenaxiomsforsuccessI.KnowyourgoalItmaysoundobvious,butifyoudon’thaveanend-pointinmindyou’llnevergetthere.Youshouldbeabletoclearlystatethegoalofyourprojectinasinglesentence.Ifyoucan't,yourchanceofachievingitisslim.《SQLServer数据库管理与开发》安徽财贸职业学院计算机系Projectmanagement----PMprimerTenaxiomsforsuccessII.KnowyourteamYourteamisthemostimportantresourceyouhaveavailableandthe