定语从句易错讲解

1.MrsSmithfoundthewatchshehadhadrepairedwentwrongagain,soshegotveryangryandwenttotheshopinahurry.2.Itwasnotuntilhereachedthecitythattheimportantofficerdiscoveredthatthemanwhoseseathehadtakenwastheonewhosetalkhehadflowntohear.3.AllYangYangwantedtodowhenshegotherfirstgoldmedalwassaythankstohercoachandteammates.4.Yourbody,whichhascloserelationswiththefoodyoueat,isthemostimportantthingyouown,soitneedspropertreatmentandpropernourishment.一、1．误：SomeoftheboysIinvitedthemdidn’tcome．2．误：Thebookthatyouneeditisinthelibrary．定语从句易犯的七种错误在定语从句中加了多余的宾语。正：SomeoftheboysIinviteddidn’tcome．译：我邀请的男孩中有几个没有来。析：应删去them，因为从句的宾语是省略了的whom，who或that。正：Thebookthatyouneedisinthelibrary．译：你需要的书在图书馆里。析：应删去it，因为从句的宾语是关系代词that。二、1．误：Anyonewhobreakthelawwillbepunished．2．误：Thosewhohasfinishedmaygohome．把定语从句谓语动词的单、复数弄错。正：Anyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished．译：任何违犯法律的人将被处罚。析：应改break为breaks，因为who指anyone，是单数。正：Thosewhohavefinishedmaygohome．译：做完了的人现在可以回家。析：应改has为have，因为who指those，是复数。3．误：HeistheonlyoneoftheteacherswhoknowFrenchinourschool．4.误：Thisisoneoftheroomsthatisfreenow．正：HeistheonlyoneoftheteacherswhoknowsFrenchinourschool．译：他是我们学校中唯一懂法语的人。析：应改know为knows，因为one前有theonly之类限定词，定语从句在意义上修饰的是theonlyone，是单数，而不是复数名词theteachers。正：Thisisoneoftheroomsthatarefreenow．译：这是目前空着的房间之一。析：应改is为are，因为one前没有theonly之类的限定词，定语从句在意义上修饰的是名词复数therooms，而不是单数one。三．1．误：Childreneatalotofsugaroftenhavebadteeth．2．误：Thekeyopensthebikeismissing．省略了定语从句中作主语的关系代词。正：Childrenwho/thateatalotofsugaroftenhavebadteeth．译：吃糖多的孩子往往牙齿不好。析：应加上关系代词who或that，因为从句少主语，且主语不能省略。正：Thekeythat／whichopensthebikeismissing．译：开这辆自行车的钥匙不见了。析：应加上关系代词that或which，因为从句少主语，且主语不能省略。四.1.误：Thehousewherehelivesinneedsrepairing．2.误：IstillrememberthedayonwhenIfirstcametoBeijing．定语从句中加了多余的关系副词或介词。正：Thehousewherehelivesneedsrepairing．或：Thehousehelivesinneedsrepairing．译：他住的房子需要修理。析：应保留where，删去从句中的in，因为关系副词where在从句中作地点状语，in属多余。或删去关系副词where，因为where在这里的意思是inwhich，否则介词in就重复了。正：IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing．五.1.误：Istillrememberthedaywhenwespenttogether．或：IstillrememberthedayonwhichIfirstcametoBeijing．译：我仍记得我第一次来到北京那天的情景。析：应删去on，因为when在这里的意思是onwhich，否则介词on就重复了，或把when改为which。正：Istillrememberthedaythat／whichwespenttogether．译：我仍记得我们在一起度过的日子。析：应改when为that或which，因为从句中谓语动词spent是及物动词，其后应跟宾语而不是时间状语。在作先行词的时间名词或地点名词后错用了关系代词或关系副词。正：Thisisthehousewhich／thatwelivedinlastyear．译：这是我们去年住过的那个房子。析：应改where为which或that，因为从句谓语动词lived后有介词in，其后少介词宾语，而不是地点状语。正：Haveyouaskedherforthereasonthat／whichmayexplainherabsence？译：你是否向他问过可以解释他缺席的原因？析：应改why为that或which，因为定语从句缺少主语，而不是少原因状语。2.误：Thisisthehousewherewelivedinlastyear．六.1.误：Haveyouaskedherforthereasonwhymayexplainherabsence？在先行词reason后错用关系副词why。2.误：Idon’tbelievethereasonwhyhehasgivenforhisbeinglate．正：Idon’tbelievethereasonthat／whichhehasgivenforhisbeinglate．译：我不相信他所提供的他迟到的原因。析：应改why为that或which，因为从句谓语动词hasgiven后缺少宾语，而不是缺少原因状语。1.误：Itwasinthekitchenwherethefirebrokeout．误将强调句型当定语从句。正：Itwasinthekitchenthatthefirebrokeout．译：大火发生在厨房。析：应将where改that，因为原句还原为Thefirebrokeoutinthekitchen后，在语法和句意上均成立，故此题是强调句型，而非定语从句。七.2.误：Wasitbecauseitsnowedlastnightwhenyoudidn’tcome？正：Wasitbecauseitsnowedlastnightthatyoudidn’tcome？译：你是否因昨晚下雪而没有来？析：应将when改为that，因为，原句还原为Becauseitsnowedlastnight，youdidn’tcome后，在语法和句意上均成立，故此题是强调句型而非定语从句。SevenKindsofMistakesintheAttributiveClauses1.在定语从句中加了多余的宾语。2.把定语从句谓语动词的单、复数弄错。3.省略了定语从句中作主语的关系代词。4.定语从句中加了多余的关系副词或介词。5.在作先行词的时间名词或地点名词后错用了关系代词或关系副词。6.在先行词reason后错用关系副词why。7.误将强调句型当定语从句。1.Doyouknowthereasonthereareheatlossesinasteamengine?A.whyB.howC.becauseD.for2.ThereasonI’mwritingistotellyouaboutapartyonSaturday.A.becauseB.whyC.forD.as3.Thereweretwosmallroomsinthebeachhouse,servedasakitchen.A.thesmallerofwhichB.thesmallestofwhichC.thesmallerofthemD.smallestofthatHomework:MultiplechoiceABA4.Wewillputoffthepicnicuntilnextmonththeweathermaybebetter.A.,whereB.thatC.,whenD.which5.WithTVwecanseethingshappenalmostattheexactmoment.A.theyarehappeningB.theyarehappenedC.whicharetheyhappeningD.whichtheyarehappening6.Imettheman.A.whomyoutoldmeB.youtoldmeaboutC.aboutwhomyoutoldD.youaboutmetoldCAB7.Rabbitsmaketheirhomesinprairieshidetheiryoungunderbushesoramongtallgrasses.A.canwheretheyB.wheretheycanC.wherecantheyD.wherecan8.ThetrainwascrowdedandIhadtogetintoacarriagealreadysevenotherpeople.A.whentherewereB.whichtherewereC.wheretherewereD.thattherewere9.Therewasnotahutinthevillagehehadnotbroughtfoodandcomfort.A.whichB.towhichC.inwhichD.thatBCBThanksforyourlistening!