RTCA-DO-254-完美中文版

DESIGNASSURANCEGUIDANCEFORAIRBORNEELECTRONICHARDWARERTCA/DO-254Preparedby:April19,2000SC-180RTCA,Incorporated1140ConnecticutAvenue,N.W.,Suite1020Washington,DC20036-4001USADESIGNASSURANCEGUIDANCEFORAIRBORNEELECTRONICHARDWARERTCA/DO-254Preparedby:SC-180April19,2000©2000,RTCA,Inc.CopiesofthisdocumentmaybeobtainedfromRTCA,Inc.1140ConnecticutAvenue,NW,Suite1020Washington,DC20036-4001USATelephone:202-833-9339Facsimile:202-833-9434Internet:(SC-180).ItwasapprovedbytheRTCAProgramManagementCommitteeonApril19,2000.RTCASC-180andtheEuropeanOrganizationforCivilAviationEquipment(EUROCAE)WG-46jointlyaccomplishedthedevelopmentofthisguidancethroughtheconsensusprocess.RTCA,Incorporatedisanot-for-profitorganizationformedtoadvancetheartandscienceofaviationandaviationelectronicsystemsforthebenefitofthepublic.TheorganizationfunctionsasaFederalAdvisoryCommitteeanddevelopsconsensus-basedrecommendationsoncontemporaryaviationissues.RTCA’sobjectivesincludebutarenotlimitedto:•Coalescingaviationsystemuserandprovidertechnicalrequirementsinamannerthathelpsgovernmentandindustrymeettheirmutualobjectivesandresponsibilities.•Analyzingandrecommendingsolutionstothesystemtechnicalissuesthataviationfacesasitcontinuestopursueincreasedsafety,systemcapacityandefficiency.•Developingconsensusontheapplicationofpertinenttechnologytofulfilluserandproviderrequirements,includingdevelopmentofminimumoperationalperformancestandardsforelectronicsystemsandequipmentthatsupportaviation.•AssistingindevelopingtherelevanttechnicalmaterialuponwhichpositionsfortheinternationalCivilAviationOrganizationandtheInternationalTelecommunicationUnionandotherinterestedinternationalorganizationscanbebased.Theorganization’srecommendationsareoftenusedasthebasisforgovernmentandprivatesectordecisionsaswellasthefoundationformanyFederalAviationAdministrationTechnicalStandardOrders.SinceRTCAisnotanofficialagencyoftheUnitedStatesGovernment,itsrecommendationsmaynotberegardedasstatementsofofficialgovernmentpolicyunlesssoenunciatedbytheU.S.governmentorganizationoragencyhavingstatutoryjurisdictionoveranymatterstowhichtherecommendationsrelate.iiEXECUTIVESUMMARYThedevelopmentanduseofcomplexelectronichardwarebytheaviationindustryhascreatednewsafetyandcertificationconcerns.Inresponse,RTCASC-180andEUROCAEWG-46wereformed.WG-46andSC-180agreedtobecomeajointcommitteeearlyinthedevelopmentofthisdocument.Thisjointcommitteewascharteredtodevelopclearandconsistentdesignassuranceguidanceforelectronicairbornehardwaresuchthatitsafelyperformsitsintendedfunctions.Electronicairbornehardwareincludeslinereplaceableunits,circuitboardassemblies,applicationspecificintegratedcircuits,programmablelogicdevices,etc.Thisguidanceisapplicabletocurrent,new,andemergingtechnologies.Theguidanceinthisdocumentisintendedtobeusedbyaircraftmanufacturersandsuppliersofelectronichardwareitemsforuseinaircraftsystems.Thehardwaredesignlifecycleprocessesareidentified.Objectivesandactivitiesforeachprocessaredescribed.Theguidanceisapplicabletoallhardwaredesignassurancelevelsasdeterminedbythesystemsafetyassessment.Inthedevelopmentofthisdocument,thecommitteeconsideredotherindustrydocumentsincludingSocietyofAutomotiveEngineers(SAE)AerospaceRecommendedPractice(ARP)documentARP4754/EUROCAEED-79,CertificationConsiderationsforHighlyIntegratedorComplexAircraftSystems;SAEARP4761,GuidelinesandMethodsforConductingtheSafetyAssessmentProcessonCivilAirborneSystemsandEquipment;andRTCADO-178/EUROCAEED-12,SoftwareConsiderationsinAirborneSystemsandEquipmentCertification.iiiTABLEOFCONTENTSFOREWORD......................................................................................................................................iEXECUTIVESUMMARY.................................................................................................................ii1.0INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................11.1Purpose..........................................................................................................................11.2Scope.............................................................................................................................21.3RelationshiptoOtherDocuments......................................................................................31.4RelatedDocuments.........................................................................................................31.5HowtoUseThisDocument.............................................................................................31.6ComplexityConsiderations...............................................................................................51.7AlternativeMethodsorProcesses....................................................................................51.8DocumentOverview..............................................................................................