2020年最新牛津译林版英语8BUnit8-B-green-world-Grammar课件

PassiveVoice被动语态PassiveVoice被动语态语态是动词的一种形式，表示的是主语和谓语之间的关系。英语中的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。当主语是谓语的执行者时，用主动语态。当主语是谓语的承受者时，用被动语态。如：Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.Theclassroomiscleaned(byus)everyday.PassiveVoice被动语态am/is/aredone一般现在时一般过去时was/weredone情态动词Can/may/must/shouldbedoneAttentionI.感官动词，使役动词,help——不定式前添加toa.感官动词hear,see,watchsbbeseen/heard/watcheddoingsthb.使役动词let,makec.helphelpsb(to)dosbbeseen/heard/watchedtodosthsbbelet/madetodosthsbbehelpedtodosth•Thebossmadetheworkersworkallday.•Ioftenhearhersingintheroom.•Wesawsomeboysenteringthebuildingatthattime.Theworkersweremadetoworkallday.Sheisoftenheardtosingintheroom.Someboyswereseenenteringthebuilding.II.双宾语结构——主语为物，添加Hegaveussomebooks.主语谓语间宾直宾注意：常把间接宾语(即sb)变为主语。Weweregivensomebooks(byhim).若把直接宾语(即sth.)变为被动句的主语时，常在保留宾语前加to或for。Somebooksweregiventous(byhim).SomebookswereboughtforusIII.不能用被动的情况1.不及物动词无被动语态：Happen,cost,die,begin/start(开始),finish(结束),rise,disappear(消失),appear(出现)2.联系动词无被动语态：sound,smell,Look,feel,taste,become变得)3.某些固定词组无被动语态：sellwell,growwell,writewell，washwelltakeplace,breakdown,comeout(出版).1.Atrafficaccident________(happen)yesterday.2.Mywatch______________(breakdown)severaltimessofar.3.Whattime____themeeting____(begin)?4.It______(cost)100yuan.5.Watertheflowersoon,orit_____(die).happenedhasbrokendownwillbegincostswilldiedisplayvt.&vi.展示;陈列pollutevt.污染harmvt.伤害;损害livingadj.活着的,活的Youwillbepunishedifyoucutdownatree.Thesebottleswillberecycledtomakenewthings.Weusethepassivevoiceinthesimplefuturetensewhentheactionhasnottakenplaceyet.被动语态的一般将来时用来描述将要发生的动作。如:Hewillbe/isgoingtobetakentohospitalinafewminutes.他几分钟之内就会被送到医院。Thefoodwillbe/isgoingtobeeatenbythedogsoon.这些食物马上就会被狗吃掉。主语willbe/begoingtobe过去分词Iwillbe/amgoingtobesupported.You/We/Theywillbe/aregoingtobeHe/She/Itwillbe/isgoingtobe被动语态的一般将来时的构成注意:主语是第一人称时,被动语态的一般将来时也可以用“shallbe+动词的过去分词”来表达。ThestudentsaretalkingaboutEnvironmentWeek.Helpthemmakesentencesusingpassivevoiceactivities/inEnvironmentWeek/alotof/organize/aregoingtoAlotofactivitiesaregoingtobeorganizedinEnvironmentWeek.design/posters/will/bySandyPosterswillbedesignedbySandy.toallthepeople/send/leaflets/inthetown/willLeafletswillbesenttoallthepeopleinthetown.aregoingto/hold/someoftheactivities/inthetownsquareSomeoftheactivitiesaregoingtobeheldinthetownsquare.LisaistellinghercousinHarryaboutashowthatwillbeheldinthisEnvironmentWeekonthephone.HelpLisaanswerHarry’squestionsusingthepassivevoice.Lisa:Hi,Harry.There’sgoingtobeanenvironmentshowhere.Harry:Really?Whenistheshowgoingtobeheld?Lisa:(1)____________________________________________(thisFridayevening)Harry:Willtheshowbeheldatyourschool?Lisa:No,(2)___________________________________.(atthetownhall)Harry:Whowillbeinvitedtotheshow?TheshowisgoingtobeheldthisFridayevening.TheshowwillbeheldatthetownhallLisa:______________________________________________________(somefamouspeopleinourtown)Harry:Whatwillbedisplayedattheshow?Lisa:(4)_______________________________________________________________________(videosaboutthepastandpresentofSunshineTown)Somefamouspeopleinourtownwillbeinvitedtotheshow.VideosaboutthepastandpresentofSunshineTownwillbedisplayattheshow.Harry:Whatwillbediscussedattheshow?Lisa:(5)_________________________________________________________________(waysabouthowtoprotecttheenvironment)Waysabouthowtoprotecttheenvironmentwillbediscussedattheshow.1.Acat__________(keep)inmygrandmother’shouse.2.Theconcert__________(hold)lastFridayevening.3.Janewasmade_________(work)tenhoursaday.I.根据句意及括号内所给动词的提示填空。iskeptwasheldtowork4.Anewhospital_______________________(build)inourcitynextyear.5.Morethan50trees________________(plant)sincelastmonth.havebeenplantedwill/isgoingtobebuiltPollutionPollutionisoneofthebiggestproblemintheworldtoday.Inmanyplaces,rubbish(1)___________(throw)intolakesandrivers,somanyofthem(2)____________(pollute).isthrownarepollutedII.Kittyiswritinganarticleaboutpollution.Helphercompletethearticleusingthepassivevoice.Insomecities,theair(3)________(fill)withpollution.Thismakespeopleill,andmorepeople(4)_____________(hurt)inthefutureifitisnotcleanedup.Aswellaspeople,animals(5)___________(harm)bypollution.Landandwaterpollutionkillsmanyanimalseveryyear.Ifwedonotacttoimprovetheenvironment,isfilledwillbehurtareharmedmorelivingthings(6)____________(kill)bypollution.However,thereissomegoodnews.Ashow(7)___________(hold)atthetownhallthisFridayevening.Allofuswillhaveachancetothinkabouttheworldaroundus.Onthatday,we(8)_____________(show)howtoprotecttheenvironment.Ifweworktogether,wecanmaketheworldabetterplace.willbekilledwillbeheldwillbeshown1.Reviewthecontentsofthislesson.2.Finishtheexercisesintheworkbook.3.Previewthenextlesson.