小升初英语总复习(科普版)

1（科普版）小升初英语总复习一、名词：有可数名词和不可数名词。1、可数名词有单数、复数之分，名词复数形式的构成规则：(1)一般在名词词尾加“s如：teacher—teachersegg---eggs(2)以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词加es如class---classesbox--boxesbus–buseswatch--watches(3)以辅音字母+y的名词变y为i再加es如：story---storieslibrary---libraries,dictionary----dictionarieshobby---hobbies(4)以f,fe结尾的名词，变f,fe为v加es如：life---livesleaf---leaveshalf---halvesknife---kniveswolf-wolveswife---wives(5)以o结尾的名词“英雄芒果土豆西红柿”加eshero---heroesmango---mangoespotato---potatoestomato---tomatoes其余加s（目前所学的词）zoo---zooskilo---kilosradio—radiosphoto---photospiano--pianos(6)不规则名词单复数形式如：child—childrenwoman---womenman---menfoot---feettooth---teeth有的可数名词单、复数形式相同，如Japanese，Chinese，sheep,如：Ihaveonesheep.Hehastwosheep.2、不可数名词没有复数形式不可数名词有：(1)milk,water,juice,tea,(2)food,rice,meat,fish,chicken,bread,(3)paper,newspaper,hair,time,money,homework,housework不可数名词的数量常表示如下twobottlesofmilkacupofjuicehalfakiloofcheeseabagofricethreekilosofmeatsomewater二、人称代词人称代词包括主格和宾格。主格在句中作主语，宾格用于动词或介词后作宾语。主格Iweyouhesheitthe宾格meusyouhimheritthem我我你他她它他们们你们Wearegoingtohaveapicnic.Letusgo.ImisseveryoneinChina.Whocanhelpme?2Whatishedoing?Heistryingtogetonthebus.Lookathim.Shecan’thear.Thisdoghelpsher.TellmemoreabouttheGreatWall.三．物主代词物主代词包括形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词后需跟名词，名词性物主代词后不用跟。名词性物主代词含义=形容词性物主代词+名词的含义1形容词性物主代词myouryourhisheritstheir名词性物主代词mineoursyourshishersitstheirs我的我们的你（们）的他的她的它的他们的Thisismybook.=Thisbookismine.Thisishisbag.=Thisbagishis.Yourwatchisold,buthersisnew.四、疑问词who谁what什么when什么时候whattime几点where哪里why为什么how怎样howmuch多少howmany多少howold多大whose谁的whatcolour什么颜色howlong多长1.对人物提问用whoWhogaveittoyou?Simon’sfamilygaveittome.Whocanhelpme?Icanhelpyou.2.对事物或做某事提问用whatWhatdoyouwant?Iwantahotdog.Whatareyoudoing?Iamreadingabook.Whatareyougoingtostudy?I’mgoingtostudyEnglish.Whatareyougoingtodo?We’regoingtowalkaroundthelake.What’sitabout?It’saboutanimals.3.对时间提问用whenWhenareyougoingtoeat?We’regoingtoeatathalfpasttwelve.Whenwasheborn?Hewasbornin1809.4.对点钟提问用whattimeWhattimeisit?It’stwelve.Whattimedoyougetup?Igetupatsixo’clock.35.对地点提问用whereWherewasheborn?HewasborninFrance.Whereareyou?Iamonthetrain.Where’syourmum?She’satthesupermarket.6.对原因提问用whyWhyareyouwearingaraincoat?Becauseit’sgoingtorain.7.对身体状况或方式提问用howHowareyou?I’mfine.Howareyougoingtogotoschool?I’mgoingtogotoschoolbybus.8.对价钱或不可数名词的数量提问用howmuchHowmuchisit?It’sthirteendollarsandtwenty-fivecents.Howmuchmilkdoyouwant?Iwanttwobottlesofmilk.9.对可数名词的数量提问用howmanyHowmanybooksarethereonthedesk?Therearethreebooksonthedesk.10.对年龄提问用howoldHowoldareyou?I’mtwelve.11.对“某人的”提问用whoseWhosecapisthis?It’sAmy’scap.Whosepenisthat?It’shispen.12.对颜色提问用whatcolourWhatcolourisit?It’sblack.13.对星期提问用whatdayWhatdayisittoday?It’sMonday.14.对距离提问用HowlongHowlongisit?It’saboutsixthousandsevenhundredkilometers.特殊疑问句语序：疑问词+一般疑问句语序？例：Howdoyougotoschool?疑问词（做主语）+谓语动词+?例：Whogaveittoyou?五．时态1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。经常与表示过去的时间连用。如yesterday（昨天）,lastweek（上周）,lastmonth（上个月）,lastyear（去年）,twomonthsago（两个月前）等。4构成：(1)肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其它Hemadeavideo.否定句：主语+didn't+动词原形+其它Hedidn’tmakeavideo.一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+？Didhemakeavideo?(2)be动词用was,were.否定句在was,were后加not.一般疑问句把was,were提前到句首。ShewasborninAmerica.ShewasnotborninAmerica.WassheborninAmerica?2.现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作构成：主语+am/is/are+现在分词+。Thebirdsaresinginginthetrees.否定句在am/is/are后加not.Thebirdsarenotsinginginthetrees.一般疑问句把am/is/are提前到句首。Arethebirdssinginginthetrees?3.一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。经常与表示将来的时间连用。如tomorrow(明天),nextweek（下周）,nextyear（明年）等。构成：(1)主语+will+动词原形+其它Hewillpickuptheapples.否定句在will后加not.Hewillnotpickuptheapples.一般疑问句把will提前到句首。Willhepickuptheapples?(2)主语+begoingto+动词原形+WearegoingtostudyFrench.否定句在am/is/are后加not.WearenotgoingtostudyFrench.一般疑问句把am/is/are提前到句首。如：AreyougoingtostudyFrench?4.一般现在时表示经常性，习惯性的动作或存在的状态。构成：（1）主语+am/is/are+否定句在am/is/are后加not.一般疑问句把am/is/are提前到句首HelenKellerisamodelforblindpeopleandforyouandme.(1)肯定句：主语+动词原形+其它Theduckslikeit.5否定句：主语+don't+动词原形+。Theducksdon’tlikeit一般疑问句：Do+主语+动词原形+其它Dotheduckslikeit?(3)肯定句：主语(三单)+动词第三人称单数+其它Helikesnoodles.否定句：主语+doesn't+动词原形+Hedoesn’tlikenoodles.一般疑问句：Does+主语+动词原形形式Doeshelikenoodles六．动词过去式形式规则动词的过去式构成1.一般在动词词尾加ed如：work---workedplay---playedwatch--watched2.以e结尾动词在词尾加d如：live---lived3.以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，把y变为i再加ed如：study---studiedcopy---copiedcry---cried4.有些动词双写最后一个字母再加ed，如：stop---stoppeddrop---dropped5不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。动词原形动词过去式动词原形词过去式gowentcomecamebecomebecamebringbroughtsaysaidputputteachtaughtcancouldreadreadgivegave.am/iswasareweredodidflyflewhavehadmakemaderunranseesawriderodewinwongetgotsendsenttaketookbuyboughtsitsatmeetmetwritewrotedrawdrewswimswamflyflewrinkdrankgivegaveringrangfallfell七．动词ing形式也是现在分词现在分词的构成规则1.一般在动词词尾直接加“ing”sleep---sleepinglook---lookingwear---wearingsend---sendingeat---eatingsing---singing6go---goingjump---jumpingsend---sendingplay---playing2.以不发音的e结尾的动词要去掉e再加上“ing”write---writingcome---comingride---ridingclose--closinghave---havingmake---makingshine---shiningtake---taking3.有些动词双写最后一个字母再加“ing”get---gettingput---puttingsit---sittingrun---runningswim---swimmingskip---skippingshop---shopping八．动词第三人称单数形式动词第三人称单数的构成规则1．大多数动词在词尾加“S.”stop－stopsmake－makesread－readspl