高考英语单选题04-10全国卷、各地方卷、联考、创新与测试卷 分类汇编(含答案及详解) 01名词和冠

1高考英语总复习（一）名词和冠词第一章名词与冠词第一部分近年高考题荟萃2009年高考题1.(09安徽31)Chinahasgotagoodforfightingagainstthefluwithitscarefulandsmoothorganization.A.reputationB.influenceC.impressionD.knowledge答案A2.(09福建29)TheWorldHealthOrganizationgaveawarningtothepublicwithoutanywhenthevirusofH1N1hitMexicoinApril,2009.A.delayB.effortC.scheduleD.consideration答案A解析名词词义辨析。delay：耽搁，延误；effort：努力；schedule：时间表；consideration：考虑，体谅；关心。题干意思是：当H1N1型2009年4月袭击墨西哥时，世界卫生组织毫不犹豫地向人们提出了警告。选A。3.(09湖北25)Hikingbyoneselfcanbefunandgoodforhealth.Itmayalsobegoodfor______building.A.respectB.friendshipC.reputationD.character答案D解析根据常识便可知运动既可增强体质也可强健个性，不会增强尊敬或名声，友谊可以增强，但与前面health不搭配，故答案为character。4.(09湖北26)Inourclass,whenthebellrangandtheteacherclosedhisbook,itwasa______foreveryonetostandup.A.signalB.chanceC.markD.measure答案A.解析根据句意可知打铃及老师合上书本，这是下课的暗示，选项中只能选择signal。chance“机会”，mark“分数，痕迹”，measure“方法，措施”。5.(09江西23)The____________shoeswerecoveredwithmud,soIaskedthemtotakethemoffbeforetheygotinto__________car.A.girl’s;Tom’sB.girls’;Toms’C.girls’;Tom’sD.girl’s;Toms’答案C解析名词所有格形式。根据题干后半部分的them可知对应复数girls。此题较易6.(09海南32)Encourageyourchildrentotrynewthings,buttrynottothemtoohard.A.drawB.strikeC.rushD.push答案D解析句意为：鼓励你的孩子去尝试新事物,但不要把它们太难了。push推，挤，逼迫；strikev.打,罢工,划燃rushv.冲进,匆促行事,催drawv.拉,拖,挨近,提取,画,绘制。根据句意，应选D。7.(09山东29)—Hesaysthatmynewcarisa____________ofmoney.—Don’tyouthinkthosewordsarejustsourgrapes?A.lackB.loadC.questionD.waste答案D解析考查单词的区别：lack缺乏；load负担；question疑问；waste浪费；根据句意，尤其是下句的sourgrapes(酸葡萄)可知答案选D。8.(09陕西20)Formtheir________onthetopoftheTVTower,visitorscanhaveabetterviewofthecity.A.stageB.positionC.conditionD.situation答案B解析名词词义辨析；stage：舞台，时期，阶段；position：位置；condition：条件，情况；situation：形式，情况；情景；根据空前的物主代词their可以推断出此处选B。题干意思是：从他们在电视塔顶部的位置，游客们可以更好地看到这个城市的景色。9.(09天津1)I’mtryingtobreakthe_______ofgettinguptoolate.A.traditionB.convenienceC.habitD.Leisure答案C10．(09浙江6)Thesystemhasbeendesignedtogivestudentsquickandeasy______tothedigitalresourcesofthelibrary.A.accessB.passageC.wayD.approach答案A11.(09安徽21)Wecanneverexpectbluerskyunlesswecreatelesspollutedworld.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;aD.the;the答案A12.(09北京33)Thebiggestwhaleis___bluewhale,whichgrowstobeabout29meterslong—theheightof____29-storybuilding.A.the;theB.a;aC.a;theD.the;a答案B13.(09江西25)Somepeoplefearthat________airpollutionmaybringaboutchangesin_______weatheraroundtheworld.A./;theB.the;/C.an;theD.the;a答案A解析考查冠词用法。Airpollution是抽象名词这里是泛指，weather这里是特指全球的气候，根据theweatheraroundtheworld可知。14.(09海南22)Let’sgotocinema-that’lltakeyourmindofftheproblemforwhileA.the;theB.the;aC.a;theD.a;a答案B解析考查冠词的用法gotothecinema表示具体的某地，forawhile固定搭配，表示“一会儿”。15.(09陕西6)Whatpitythatyoucouldn’tbetheretoreceiveprize!A.a;aB.the;aC.a;theD.the;the答案C解析考查冠词。第一空所填冠词与上下文构成固定句型whatapitythat…，用不定冠词a；第二空后名词表示表特指，用定冠词the，选C。16.(09四川14)Inordertofind_______betterjob,hedecidedtostudy_________secondforeignlanguage.A.the;aB.a;aC.the;theD.a;the答案B解析考查冠词的用法。该题的意思是：为了找到一个更好的工作，他决定再学习另外一门外语。第一空表示泛指；第二空用a+序数词+名词表示又一，再一。7．(09浙江2)Idon’tunderstandwhattheengineermeans,butI’vegot______roughideaof_____projectplan.A.the;aB.不填;theC.the;不填D.a;the答案D18.(09重庆26)WashingmachinesmadebyChinahavewonworldwideattentionandHaierhasbecomepopularname.A.a;theB./;aC./;theD.the;a答案B19.(09全国Ⅱ14)WhatIneedisbookthatcontainsABCofoilpainting.A.a;不填B.the;不填C.the;anD.a;the答案D2008年高考题1.(08全国Ⅱ8)It’snotgoodideatodriveforfourhourswithoutbreak.A.a;aB.the;aC.the;theD.a;the答案A解析本题考查冠词。句意为：开车四个小时而不休息不是一个好主意。第一空“一个好主意”是泛指；withoutabreak是习惯用法，break也是泛指。2.(08天津11)Mostairpollutioniscausedbytheburningof____likecoal，gasandoil.A.fuelsB.articlesC.goodsD.products答案A解析coal，gasandoil均为“燃料(fuels)”。3.(08安徽24)Tosavesomeofthehumanlanguagesbeforetheyareforgotten，thestudentsinourschoolstartedadiscussion“SaveOur”.A.SkyB.LifeC.ArtsD.Voices答案D解析由语境可知，此处指人类的语言，而语言是人类说的，因此用voices，而不用其他选项。4.(08江西27)—Shallwegooutforawalk?—Sorry.Thisisnottherighttoinviteme.Iamtootiredtowalk.A.momentB.situationC.placeD.chance答案A解析句意为：——我们出去散散步好吗？——对不起，这不是邀请我的合适的时间，我太累了而不想去散步。A项“某一时刻，片刻”；B项“情形，状况”；C项“地方”；D项“机会”。5.(08江西30)—Iamsosorrytohavecomelateforthemeeting.—Itisnotyourfault.Withrush-hourtrafficandheavyrain，itisnowonderyouwerelate.A.a;aB.the;theC./;/D./;a答案B解析句意为：——开会来晚了我非常抱歉。——这不是你的错，这正是上下班的高峰期而且又下了大雨，难怪你来晚了。第一个空特指高峰时间拥挤的交通；第二个空特指双方所指的大雨。6.(08湖北21)Theyoungmanmadea______tohisparentsthathewouldtrytoearnhisownlivingafter3graduation.A.predictionB.promiseC.planD.contribution答案B解析句意为：这位年轻人向他的父母许诺说毕业之后他将努力自食其力。makeapromise许诺，答应，其后的that从句为同位语从句，补充说明先行词promise的内容，其他选项不合句意。7.(08湖北22)Thetopleadersofthetwocountriesareholdingtalksinafriendly.A.atmosphereB.stateC.situationD.phenomenon答案A解析句意为：这两个国家的最高领导人在友好的气氛中进行交谈。atmosphere气氛，氛围；state状态；situation形势，局面；phenomenon现象。8.(08湖南22)Haveyouheardnews?Thepriceofpetrolisgoingupagain!A.the;theB./;theC.the;/D./;/答案C解析句意为：你听说这消息了吗？油价又上涨了！第一空特指下文的消息，应用定冠词the；第二空后的petrol为泛指，且是不可数名词，故不用冠词。9.(08陕西10)IatesandwichwhileIwaswaitingfor20:08train.A.the;aB.the;theC.a;theD.a;a答案C解析sandwich是可数名词，且在句中首次出现，表示泛指，其前须加不定冠词；而“二十点零八分的火车”是特指的惟一的概念，故其前须加定冠词the。10.(08四川8)IntheUnitedStates，thereisalwaysflowofpeopletoareasofcountrywheremorejobscanbefound.A.a;theB.the;aC.the