基于单片机的秒表系统设计

编号：201234140148本科毕业设计基于单片机的秒表系统设计系(院)：信息工程学院姓名：学号：0835140148专业：通信工程年级：2008级指导教师：职称：副教授完成日期：2012年5月I摘要当今时代，是一个新技术层出不穷的时代。在电子领域，尤其是自动化智能控制领域，传统的分立元件或数字逻辑电路构成的控制系统正以前所未见的速度被单片机智能控制系统所取代。单片机具有体积小、功能强、成本低、应用面广等优点，可以说，智能控制与自动控制的核心就是单片机。单片机的出现是现代科技发展的一个重要的里程碑。由于单片机的集成度高、功能强，通用性好，特别是它具有体积小、重量轻、能耗低、价格便宜等优点，使单片机迅速得到推广应用，目前已成为测量控制应用系统中的优选机种和新电子产品的关键部件。本设计是一个利用单片机控制的多功能秒表系统，它是基于51系列的单片机进行的系统设计。它采用AT89C51单片机为中心器件，利用其定时器/计数器定时和记数的原理，结合显示电路、电源电路、LED数码管以及键盘电路来设计计时器。将软、硬件有机地结合起来，使得系统能够实现四位LED显示，最大显示时间为59.9秒，每毫秒自动加1，一个开始按键、一个暂停按键、一个复位按键，其突出的优点是:体积小、场外作业、功耗最低、宜用电池作为电源、硬件结构紧凑、简单和软件设计灵活。最后通过仿真调试，在proteus环境下建立了仿真模型，仿真结果表明本设计是正确的。关键词：单片机；秒表；时钟电路；系统设计IIAbstractInthepresentera,isanewtechnologyemergeinanendlessstreamtime.Inthefieldofelectronics,especiallytheintelligentautomaticcontrolfield,thetraditionaldiscretecomponentsordigitallogiccircuitofthecontrolsystemisatanunprecedentedpacewasreplacedbyintelligentcontrolsystem.SCMhastheadvantagesofsmallvolume,strongfunction,lowcost,wideapplicationrangeandotheradvantages,cansay,intelligentcontrolandautomationisthecoreofscm.SCMistheemergenceofmodernscienceandtechnologydevelopmentofanimportantmilepost.Asthesingle-chiphighintegration,strongfunction,goodversatility,especiallyithastheadvantagesofsmallvolume,lightweight,lowenergyconsumption,lowprice,thesinglechipmicrocomputerrapidlyspreading,hasnowbecomethemeasurementcontrolintheapplicationsystemofoptimizationmodelsandthenewelectronicproductkeyparts.Thisdesignistheuseofasinglechipcomputercontrolledmulti-functionstopwatchsystem,whichisbasedonthe51seriessingle-chipsystemdesign.ItusesAT89C51microcontrollerasthecenterdevice,usethetimer/countertimingandcountingprinciples,combinedwithdisplaycircuit,powersupplycircuit,LEDdigitaltubeandakeyboardcircuittodesignthetimer.Thesoft,hardwarecombination,sothatthesystemcanachievefourLEDdisplay,maximumdisplaytimeis59.9seconds,eachMSadd1,astartbutton,apausebutton,aresetbutton,theutilitymodelhastheadvantagesofsmallvolume,off-siteoperations:,lowestpowerconsumption,tousethebatteryasapower,compacthardwarestructure,simpleandflexiblesoftwaredesign.Finallythroughthesimulationdebugging,intheProteusenvironmenttoestablishthesimulationmodel,thesimulationresultsshowthatthedesigniscorrect.Keywords:singlechipmicrocomputer;stopwatchclockcircuit;systemdesignIII目录1绪论...................................................................................................................................11.1设计意义及主要思路................................................................................................11.2单片机在中国的发展................................................................................................21.3单片机秒表系统设计目的........................................................................................22系统总体方案及硬件设计...............................................................................................32.1系统总体方案............................................................................................................32.2设计思路....................................................................................................................32.3设计要求....................................................................................................................42.4AT89C51单片机简介.................................................................................................42.4.1主要性能............................................................................................................52.4.2引脚功能说明....................................................................................................52.5硬件电路设计............................................................................................................62.5.1时钟电路与复位电路.........................................................................................62.5.2硬件电路设计....................................................................................................72.5.3显示电路............................................................................................................82.5.4键盘电路............................................................................................................93软件设计.........................................................................................................................103.1程序设计..................................................................................................................103.1.1程序流程图......................................................................................................103.1.2定时中断..........................................................................................................113.2程序..........................................................................................................................113.3子程序模块设计......................................................................................................114系统调试与仿真.............................................................................................................134.1仿真软件简介..........................