苯乙烯-应急决策指导-法国CEDRE

CHEMICALRESPONSEGUIDESTYRENEUNN°:2055MARPOLclassification:Buntil31/12/2006Yfrom01/01/2007SEBCclassification:Floater/EvaporatorE.U.classification:XnNoxious2StyreneChemicalResponseGuide33TheinformationcontainedinthisguideistheresultofresearchandexperimentationconductedbyCedrewhichcannotbeheldliablefortheconsequencesresultingfromtheimplementationoftheinformationcontainedherein.Published:March2004PRATICALGUIDEINFORMATIONDECISION-MAKINGRESPONSEThisguidewasdraftedbyCEDREwithfinancialsupportfromATOFINA,TOTAL,FrenchNavy,TechnicalCommitteeofATOFINA,NationalChemicalEmergencyCentre(NCEC,Abingdon,UK)andtheRennesPoisonControlCentre.STYRENEStyreneChemicalResponseGuide44AspartoftheresearchfundedbytheFrenchNavy,TOTALandATOFINA,Cedrehaspublishedaseriesofresponseguidesintendedtomitigatechemicalhazards.Theycanbeusedtoassistinanemergencyresponse,anaccidentoranincidentinvolvingavesselorabargecarryinghazardoussubstanceslikelytopollutethewatersurfaceandthewatercolumn.Theseguidesareupdatesofthe61“miniresponseguides”publishedbyCedreatthebeginningofthe90sandareintendedtoaffordrapidaccesstovitalinformation,inadditiontoprovidingrelevantbibliographicalsourcestoretrieveextrainformation.TheyalsocontaintheresultsofscenariosrelatingtoaccidentshavingoccurredintheChannel,theMediterraneanandinrivers.Thesescenariosareonlyintendedtoprovideresponseauthoritieswiththeemergencyinformationtheyneed.Eachaccidenthastobeviewedonit’sownmeritsandtheresponseauthoritieswillnotbeabletoforegooninsitumeasures(air,water,sedimentandmarinefauna)inordertodetermineexclusionareas.Theguidesareintendedprimarilyforspecialistswhoknowwhichtechniquestouseintheeventofanemergencyinadditiontotherelevantoperationalresponsemeasures.Eventhoughourmainconcernistomitigatetheconsequencesofanoilspill,wecannotaffordtooverlookrespondersafetyandhumantoxicology.PurposeofthisguideTocontactthedutyengineeratCedre(7/24)Pleasecall:33(0)298331010NationaltoxicologysurveillancesystemintheeventofamajortoxicologicalthreatAhotlineismanned7/24byDivision7oftheGeneralDepartmentofHealth(SD7/DGS).Duringopeninghourspleasecall:Tel.:[phone]Fax:[phone]OutsidenormalworkinghourspleasecallthePrefectureorotherrelevantauthorityPoisoncontrolCentresinFranceAngers(CentreHospitalierd’Angers)Tel.:[phone]Bordeaux(HôpitalPellegrin-Tripode)Tel.:[phone]Grenoble(HôpitalAlbertMichallon)Tel.:[phone]Lille(CentreHospitalierRégionalUniversitaire)Tel.:[phone]Lyon(HôpitalEdouardHerriot)Tel.:[phone]Marseille(HôpitalSalvator)Tel.:[phone]Nancy(HôpitalCentral)Tel.:[phone]Paris(HôpitalFernandWidal)Tel.:[phone]Reims(HôpitalMaisonBlanche)Tel.:[phone]Rennes(HôpitaldePontchaillou)Tel.:[phone]Rouen(HôpitalCharlesNicolle)Tel.:[phone]Strasbourg(HôpitauxUniversitaires)Tel.:[phone]Toulouse(HôpitaldePurpan)Tel.:[phone]StyreneChemicalResponseGuide55TableofcontentsPurposeofthisguide4AWHATYOUNEEDTOKNOWABOUTSTYRENE6BFIRSTLINEEMERGENCYDATA7B1-FirstAidInformation8B2-IDcard9B3-Physicaldata10B4-Flammabilitydata11B5-Toxicologicaldata12B6-Ecotoxicologicaldata13B7-Persistenceintheenvironment14B8-Classification15B9-Specialrisks16B10-Transportation,handling,storage18CRESULTSOFACCIDENTSCENARIOS19C1-Reminderofchemicalproperties20C2-Accidentscenarios21C3-Consumptionscenarios29DRESPONSE31D1-Feedback:theIevoliSun32D2-Examplesofstyrenespills35D3-Recommendationsregardingresponse36D4-Responsetechniques38D5-ChoosingPPEs40D6-Measuringequipmentandwastetreatment42ESUPPLEMENTARYINFORMATION43E1-Bibliography44E2-Glossary46E3-Acronyms50E4-UsefulInternetaddresses52Annexes54Annex1:Additionalphysicalandtoxicologicaldata55Annex2:Faxformatdatacard59Annex3:Classificationofnoxiousliquidsubstances61Annex3b:Newclassificationofnoxiousliquidsubstances62ABCDEStyreneChemicalResponseGuide66DefinitionStyrene,styrenemonomerorvinylbenzene(MARPOLcategoryYfrom01/01/2007)isanoily,floating,flammableandnoxiousliquidforhumanbeingsandtheenvironment.Duringtransport,itismixedwithapolymerisationinhibitor(e.g.paraTertioButylCatecholorpTBC).Risk•Explosion:iftheinhibitorisineffective(badquality)orifthereistoolittleofitorifitheatsup,theresultingeffectmaywellbeanuncontrollableheatingofthestyreneandahighlyexothermalreactionthatmayturnintoanexplosion.Whenpolymerisa-tionisslow,solidandinoffensivepolysty-reneisformed.•Toxicity:styreneisharmfulandcausesirri-tation,regardlessofhowitisabsorbed.-intheshortterm:itcancausemildtoseriousnoseandeyeirritation,abdominalpain,sleepinessandweakness(concentra-tionsofbetween100and1,000ppm).Athigherconcentrations,styrenecancausecomaandevendeath.-inthelongterm:styrenemayhaveanadverseeffectonthenervoussystem,thedigestiveandtherespiratorytracts.•Fire:vapoursareflammable,heavierthanair,cancauseexplosionswhenincontactwithsparks.Intheeventofafire,sty-reneburnsandproducestoxicandacridsmoke.BehaviourintheenvironmentIntheeventofaspill,styreneformsaslickthatspreadsonthewatersurfaceandevaporatesasitspreads.Asageneralrule,styreneisslightlysolubleinwaterandisvolatile.Theslickwillevaporatetoalargerorsmallerdegreeonthewatersurfacedependingonwindspe