微电网中分布式电源以及大功率电力电子器件的控制与改进

上海交通大学硕士学位论文微电网中分布式电源以及大功率电力电子器件的控制与改进姓名：池海涛申请学位级别：硕士专业：电力系统及其自动化指导教师：陈陈20091201IMicroGrids,Multi-AgentAgentAgentAgentAgentII;AgentAgentAgentMulti-AgentABSTRACTIIIControlandImprovementforDistributedGenerationsandPowerElectricDevicesinMICROGRIDSABSTRACTInordertomakefulluseofdistributedenergyresourcesandtoimprovethereliabilityofpowersupplyingsystem,microgridsbecomesahottopicofresearchindistributedenergysystemsinrecentyears.Lotsofresearchingworkmainlyfocusingonmicrogridsaswellasitseffectsonpowersystemshasbeendone.Meanwhile,thedevelopmentofmicrogrids,especiallythedevelopmentofdistributedgeneration,exertsgreatinfluenceontraditionalpowersystemsandprovidesnotableadvancementtoelectricaltechnology.MicrogridssolvetheproblemsofhighaccesscostsandsingleDGcontrol.,andmakesthegenerators,load,energystoragedevicesandcontroldevices,etc.toformasinglecontrolunitinthesightofthesystem.Andthegeneratorsinthemicrogrid,includingfuelcells,microgasturbines,photovoltaiccells,batteriesandsupercapacitors,areallsmallunitswithelectronicinterface.Microgridnotonlysolvesthelarge-scaleaccessofDGs,takefulladvantagesofthem,butalsogiveusersavarietyofotherbenefits.Inthisarticle,thecharacteristicandresearchstatusofmicrogridsareanalyzed.ThenthecontrolstrategiesforACmicrogridsandDCmicrogridsareseparatelydiscussedanddistributedcoordinatedcontrolstrategiesbasedonmulti-agentsystem(MAS)areproposed.BecauseofthevariouskindsofdistributedgenerationsincludinginACmicrogrids,inwhicheverydistributedgenerationsisconnectedtothegridseparatelyviaaconverter,thecontrolstyleofelectricalpowersystemwilldevelopfromcentralizedsystemtodistributedone.Underthissituation,weshouldapplyamoreeffectiveenergymanagementsystem(EMS)multi-agentsystemtoensurethereliabilityandefficiencyofelectricalpowersystems.Therefore,anewdistributedcoordinatingcontrolstrategybasedonmulti-agentsystem(MAS)isproposed.Thissystemisdividedintothreelayers-Grids-layer,ABSTRACTIVMicroGrids-layerandcomponent-layer,thecommunicationamongthedifferentlayersandtheagentsinthelowerlayerisrealizedbyInternetviaEthernet.TheGrids-layerisenergymanagementsystem,whichismainlyresponsibleformonitoringthevariousMicroGridsandoptimizingthealgorithmtodeterminetheoutputofMicroGrids.TheMicroGrids-layerisresponsibleformonitoringthevariouscomponentsandoptimizingthealgorithmtodeterminetheoutputofDGs.Thecomponentlayerisacoordinatedcontrolsystem,whichontheonehandiscontrolledbytheupperagents,ontheotherhandhastheabilitytooperateindependently,mainlytakeschargeofthecoordinatedcontrolofDGsinthemicrogrids.ThroughtheapplicationofMAS,thecoordinationbetweenmicrogridsandthelargepowersystemwillbemoreefficient.Thedistributedgenerations(includethebatteries)inDCmicrogridsareallconnectedintoDCnetworkandthepoweristransmittedtocustomerloadoruppergridviaInverters.ItcansavemoreinvertersthanACmicrogridsandcancontroltheoutputofdistributedgenerationsmoreeasilyaccordingtothecontroloftheDCvoltage.SothisarticlestudiesforthepowerelectricdevicesinDCmicrogridslaterandrealizetheeffectiveuseofthedistributedenergy.Attheendofthisdissertation,mainresultsoftheresearcharesummarizedandthefurtherstudiesareprospected.KEYWORDS:distributedgeneration,microgrid,coordinatedcontrol,Multi-AgentSystem11.1,,,,,(50MW)(DG-DistributedGeneration)DGDGDG,,,,,IEEEP1547,,,[1]2,,,,,[1-2],,,,,,,,,,,,,,1.21.2.1[1-2]CERTS-ConsortiumforElectricReliabilityTechnologySolutions)EuropeanCommissionProjectMicrogridsUniversityofWisconsin-MadisonR.H.Lasseter31-11-1Fig.1-1BasicstructureofMicroGrids1.2.3.4.1.2.21.42.3.4.5.6.1.31.3.1Microgrid:LargeScaleIntegrationofMicro-GenerationtoLowVoltageGrids(1998-2002)MoreMicrogrids:AdvancedArchitecturesandControlConceptsforMoreMicrogrids(2002-2006)TheKythnosIslandMicrogridContinuon’sMV/LVfacilityMWResidentialDemonstration(CEC)(CERTS—ConsortiumforElectricReliabilityTechnologySolutions)CERTS[10,11]CERTSµGridDER-CAMGEGE(MEM—MicrogridEnergyManagementframework)CECDUITIEEE21IEEEP1547.45(NEDO)2003AomoriAichiKyoto[12]TokyoGas(NRCan—NaturalResourcesCanada)DERDERNRCanCERTS1.3.2[4,13][14]0746[15-21]Sandia[15][16][17,18][19][20][21]1.3.31.3.3.11,,,27,,,1.3.3.2,,,[18-23]80199812.9MW20076050MW1-2215.5265.8343.1400.3467.2565.6762.91265.926006050010002000300040005000600070001998199920002001200220032004200520062007//MW1-2Fig.1-2Thetrendchartofinstalledwindpowercapacity200020002015500MW81-39813.3161923.530384862801020204060801001201998199920002001200220032004200520062007//MW1-3Fig.1-3Thetrendchartofinstalledphotovoltaicgenerationcapacity,,,,,,,,1.490%9[22]19865206400kV51GW[23]1.4.11.4.2[22]101-1[23]1-1Tab.1-1ParametersofdifferentdistributedgenerationsDG2COXNO2SOCOPM-1022~301300~18000.2~1.4Negl0.3~1.80.0335~41980~11000.3~6.0Negl2~9-0.6N/A00000N/A0000090%1.4.3[24]111.51-4Fig.1-4Structurediagramofdistributedgenerationsystem1-41.5.1DC/DC1-5Fig.1-5StructurediagramofDCpowerconversion1.5.2AC-DC-AC121-6(a)801-6(b)2540[25]dcV(a)GensP∗GenPGensP∗(b)1-6Fig.1-6StructurediagramofACpowerconversion1.6(1)13(2)(3)MAS(4)142.1DG2.22.2.115NyviiyNFN=(2-1)FiVwiNviVwiNyNy=8760(Weibull)-()expK1KKVVfVAAA