英语语法新虚拟语气(subjective mood)

e.g.IfIwonthelotterynow,Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar.IfIwonthelotterynow,Iwould….Imaginethatyouhavewonthelottery,howwillyouusethemoney?Wemetinthisroom.DocometothemeetingnextFriday.IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.陈述语气祈使语气虚拟语气什么是虚拟语气啊？表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等那还有吗？表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等虚拟语气TypesIf型Should+V.型其他情况（asif,wouldrather,It’stimethat…）虚拟语气[例句]1.Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemethim.要是你早来几分钟的话，你就能见到他了。(与过去事实相反)2.Ifitweresunnytomorrow,Iwouldcometoseeyou.明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。(与将来事实可能相反)3.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.假如我是你的话，我会马上走。(与现在事实相反，事实上我不可能是你)If型条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去将来过去式(were)haddonewould/could/should/might+V.(原)would/could/should/might+havedone1.过去式2.should+V.(原)3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)虚拟语气1.If型summary1.Ifyouhadtoldmeinadvance,I_____himattheairport.A.wouldmeetB.wouldhadmetC.wouldhavemetD.wouldhavemeet2.Ifit______tomorrow,Iwouldn’tattendtheparty.A.rainB.rainsC.hadrainedD.weretorain3.IwouldhavegonetothemeetingifI_____time.A.hadhadB.havehadC.hadD.wouldhavehad4.Ifyou__________tomorrow,you_________findthenewmanagerworkingintheoffice.A.shouldcome;wouldB.wouldcome;wouldC.willcome;shouldD.comes;might5.Iftheparents______atthehospitalearlieraftertheaccident,thechildwouldhavebeensaved.A.arrivesB.arriveC.hadarrivedD.hasarrived虚拟语气Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow.如果以前你努力学习的话，你现在就会是大学生了．If型特例1：错综时间条件句虚拟语气If型特例1：错综时间条件句定义：从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同。Iftheyhadstudiedhard,theycoulddoiteasilynow.与过去相反动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整．Practice:Ifyouhadlistenedtothedoctor,you_____allrightnow.A.areB.wereC.wouldbeD.wouldhavebeen______Iyou,Iwouldgowithhimtotheparty.A.WasB.HadbeenC.WillbeD.WereHadyoulistenedtothedoctor，you________better.A.areB.wereC.wouldbeD.wouldhavebeenIf型特例2：省略if的条件从句：总结：从句中有were,had或should时，省略if，而把它们放在句首。虚拟语气3.Ifyouhadnothelpedme，Ishouldhavefailed.2.Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.Practice:1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotdothat.WereIyou,Iwouldnotdothat.Shouldhefailedintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.Hadyounothelpedme,Ishouldhavefailed.三个建议四个要求insistorder,commandadvise,suggest,proposedemand,require,request,ask其后的宾语从句及其同根名词引导的主语，表语，同位语从句中。虚拟语气Should+v型两个命令一个坚持1.在宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句，主语从句中。这种用法的常用词有：秒杀开始1.Iadvisedthatyou___thejobassoonaspossible.AfinishedBfinishingCtofinishDfinish2.Theworkersinthefactorydemandedthattheirpay___beraised.AshouldBwouldCmustDcould3.MyfatherdidnotgotoNewYork;thedoctorsuggestedthathe_____there.A.notwentB.won'tgoC.notgoD.nottogo4.Theteacherdemandedthattheexam____beforeeleven.A.mustfinishB.wouldbefinishedC.befinishedD.mustbefinished5.Thecommanderorderedthatwe_____work.A.mustfinishB.finishedC.shouldfinishD.couldfinishDiscussion:whichclause他建议我们早点回家(suggest)。•Hesuggestedthatwe(should)gohomeearlier.•Itwassuggestedthatwe(should)gohomeearlier.•Hissuggestionwasthatwe(should)gohomeearlier.•Hemadeasuggestionthatwe(should)gohomeearlier.虚拟语气宾语从句主语从句表语从句同位语从句Jane’spalefacesuggestedthathe___ill.AbeBwasCshouldbeDisHeinsistshe______right.A.wereB.wasC.beD.isTIPST.orF.Youpalefacesuggeststhatyou(should)beill.Yourpalefacesuggeststhatyouareill.Iinsistedthatyou(should)bewrong.Iinsistedthatyouwerewrong.insist/suggest各有两种意思，要用不同的语气Insist表示“坚决要求”时，用虚拟形式，即should+do;Insist表示“坚持说”时，用陈述语气，表示事实。Suggest表示“建议”时，用虚拟形式。Suggest表示“表明、暗示”时，用陈述语气。FTFT虚拟语气虚拟语气类似用法的词有：necessary，strange，natural，apity,ashame,nowonder…Should+V型2.Itisimportant(necessary,strange,)that....•我们有必要出去散散步。•她这样做是很自然的。••重要的是我们要照顾好病人。Should+V型虚拟语气TranslationIt’snecessarythatweshouldhaveawalk.It’snaturalthatsheshoulddoso.It’simportantthatweshouldtakegoodcareofthepatient.TheSubjunctivemoodIf型Should+v型1.did…2.haddone…3.wereto/did/should…错综时间条件句(各自为准)Were,had,should提前，省略if1.一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。2.Itis（necessary，strange…）+that…insistsuggest1.判断是否虚拟2.判断虚拟类型3.判断虚拟时间虚拟语气1.Alan___thepartyifhehadgonetoLondon.A.wouldhavemissedB.hadmissedC.wouldmissD.missed2.Headvisedthatthey_____useatrickinsteadoffighting.A.shouldB.wouldC.doD.had冲刺AA3.IfIknewyouwerecoming,I___youattheairportthen.A.hadmetB.metC.wouldmeetD.wouldhavemet4.TomsuggestedthatAnn___thehouse.A.sellB.soldC.shallsellD.wouldsellDA5.Itisstrangethatthelittleboy_____speaktwoforeignlanguages.A.couldB.canC.shouldD.would6.Hegaveordersthattheexperiment____before5:30pm.A.befinishedC.hadfinishedC.mustbefinishedD.willfinishCA7.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe_____nothingwrongand_____free.A.did;setB.haddone;shouldbesetC.shoulddo;besetD.haddone;mustbesetB虚拟语气•IfIhadsleptwelllastnight•Iwouldnothavebeenlateforschool•IfIhadnotbeenlate•IwouldnothavebeenblamedbyMrs.Huang.•IfIhadnotbeenblamed•Iwouldbehappier•IfIwerehappier•Iwould……Pleasewriteitdownintheformofpoetrywiththetitle“If”,tryingtousethestructuresofSubjunctiveMood.Wish/Asif(though)3.类似if型虚拟语气Wouldrather/IfonlyButfor+n/Without+nIt’s(high)time+thatWish/Asif/（though）+从句现在:过去时（were）过去:过去完成时(haddone)未来:would/could/might+V.(原)类似if型（1）虚拟语气[例句]1.IwishIwere30yearsyounger.2.Iwish(that)youwouldgetagoodjob.3.Hewishedhehadn‘tdoneit.4.Hetreatsthelittlegirlasifshewereheowndaughter.他想要是他没这样做该多好。类似if型wouldrather+that（从句）宁愿……Ifonly+要是……该有多好啊过去时过去完成时现在过去过去时过去完成时现在/