2013届高考英语一轮复习写作专题讲座课件：第十五讲 说明文

[题目要求](2012·湖北名校模拟)请根据下表提供的信息写一篇文章向外宾介绍国家体育馆“鸟巢”。地点北京北部建筑面积25.8万平方米，可容纳9万多名观众开/竣工时间2003年12月～2008年外观犹如树枝搭成的鸟巢用途奥运会期间可举办田径、足球比赛奥运会后可用于举办各种大型活动专家评价奥运史上一个难以置信的标志性建筑注意：词数120左右。参考词汇：标志symbol;鸟巢Bird'sNest________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________[技法指导]说明文是阐述事物的特征、本质、性能、结构、用途或科学原理的一种文体。高考英语说明文内容集中在反映社会现象、介绍方位地点和指导如何做事情这些方面，要求考生能够按照一定的说明顺序进行介绍和说明，以达到实际应用和交际的目的。，写说明文宜采用三段式：第一段主要介绍要说明的对象及说明的目的；第二段说明事物的主要特征或做事情的方法步骤；第三段进行总结概括。时态通常用一般现在时。写作时应注意以下几个方面：1．仔细审题：明确说明对象，抓住要说明的事物或事理的主要特征。2．选择合理的说明顺序：比如时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序，分层次进行说明，注意条理清晰。3．选择恰当的说明方法：比如定义法、举例法、比较法和细节描述法等，来增加文章的色彩。4．语言：既要确切无误，又要通俗浅显。适当使用一些结构比较复杂的句式，如定语从句、名词性从句、倒装句、强调句及非谓语动词等，以增加语言表达效果。第一步构建框架，清晰行文[谋篇布局][黄金模板]模板一：地理介绍型________islocatedin________(位置),coveringanareaof________(面积).Ithasapopulationof________(人口).Itgrows________，anditisrichin________(特点)．Inaword,________isafascinatingplacewithfascinatingpeople.Welcometo________.模板二：路线描绘型Wearegoingto________________(举行活动)at/in/on________(时间)at/in________(地点).Itisnotverydifficulttofindyourwaytothisplace./Nowletmetellyouthewaytothisplace.Whenyougetoutof________(某地一),youcantakeBus________(几路公交车)to________(某地二),andgetoffatthesecond/thirdcrossing.Walkacrossthecrossingtotheeast/west/south/northuntilyousee________(某地三)onyourleft/right.Turnleft/rightthere(atthecorner)andgostraighton/ahead.Thenyoucansee/find________(某地四)isonyourleft/right.Theplaceisnextto/oppositeto________(某地点).Theplaceis________(多远)yards/kilometersdownthestreetontheleft/right.FindRoom________(几号房间)andwewillbemeetingyouthere.模板三：说明原因型Nowadays,moreandmore________(阐述现象).Why________(提出问题)?Thereasonsforitareasfollows.Firstofall,________(原因一).Besides,________(原因二).What'smore,________(原因三)．Asamatteroffact,themaincauseofitisdueto________(最主要原因)．Inmyopinion,itishightimethatwedidsomethingto________(解决措施)．Onlyinthiswaywillwe________(要实现的目标)．第二步打造亮句，增色文章1．鸟巢，也就是国家体育馆，位于北京北部，占地面积25.8万平方米，可容纳9万多名观众。►TheBird'sNest,thenationalstadium,islocatedinthenorthofBeijing,withanareaof258,000squaremeters,abletoholdmorethan90,000audiencemembers.►TheBird'sNest—thenationalstadiumlocatedinthenorthofBeijing,coveringanareaof258,000squaremeters,isabletoholdmorethan90,000audiencemembers.，2．从外观看，它犹如树枝搭建的鸟巢，这就解释了这个名字的由来。►Seenfromtheoutside,itresemblesarealbirdnestmadeofbranches,whichexplainswhereitsnamecamefrom.►Whenitisseenfromtheoutside,itresemblesarealbirdnestmadeofbranches,whichexplainswhereitsnamecamefrom.第三步串句成文，保证流畅TheBird'sNest,thenationalstadium,islocatedinthenorthofBeijing,withanareaof258,000squaremeters,abletoholdmorethan90,000audiencemembers.StartedinDecember2003andcompletedin2008,itwasusedfortrackandfieldeventsandfootballmatchesduringtheBeijingOlympicGames.Afterthatitwillbeusedtoholdallkindsofgrandactivities.Seenfromtheoutside,itresemblesarealbirdnestmadeofbranches,whichexplainswhereitsnamecamefrom.NowonderexpertsregarditasanincrediblesymbolforOlympichistory.最近某教科院对15000名高中生的课外阅读情况作了一次调查。请根据下图提示的信息，用英语写一篇100～120词的短文，介绍调查情况。注意：1.短文必须包括调查对象、调查问题及调查结果。2．参考词汇：课外读物collateralreading漫画书comic学习参考书learningreferencebook______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考范文：Asthesayinggoes“Readingmakesonefull;writingmakesoneaccurate”，readinggoodbooksisoneofthegreatestpleasuresinlife,foritcanmakepeopleknowledgeableandsmart.Recentlyasurveyhasbeendonetofindoutwhatbooksareseniormiddleschoolstudents'favoritecollateralreadings.15,000middleschoolstudentstookpartinthesurvey.Accordingtothesurvey,fortysixpercentofthestudentswhotookpart,likereadingpopularsciencebooksandsciencefictionbest.Twentysevenpercentofthestudentssaythatcomicbooksaretheirfavoriteandsixteenpercentofthestudentssaytheyreadlearningreferencebooksintheirsparetime.Onlyelevenpercentofthemaremoreinterestedinfamousworksandothernovels.