完形填空1：主题句与语义场

完形填空1：篇章主题与行文脉络Doorsmayhavedifferentfunctionsandpurposeswhichleadtoculturaldifferences.Doorsfunctionsandpurposesdifferencesdifferentcultural•Toseewhetheryouhavepredictedcorrectly,readthefollowingparagraph.Whatdoestheseparagraphmainlytalkabout?WhenIfirstcametoAmerica,Inoticedthatapublicbuildinghadtwodifferentdoorsandtheyhaddistinctfunctions.Youhavetopushthedoorwiththeword“PUSH”togooutofthebuildingandtopullthedoorwiththeword“PULL”toenterthebuilding.Thiswasnewtome,becauseweusethesamedoorinSouthKorea.ForquiteafewtimesIfailedtogooutofashoppingcentreandwasembarrassed.DoorshavedifferentfunctionsinAmerica.Thewayofusingschoolbusdoorswasalsostrangetome.Iusedtotaketheschoolbustoclasses.Theschooldecidedthatwhenthedriveropenedboththefrontandbackdoors,studentswhoweregettingoffthebusshouldgetofffirst,andstudentswhoweregettingonshouldgetonlater.InSouthKorea,wedonotneedtowaitforpeopletogetoff.Onemorning,Ihurriedtothebus,andwhenthebusdoorsopened,Iunconsciouslytriedtogetontheschoolbusthroughthefrontdoor.Allthestudentsaroundlookedatme,Iwastotallyembarrassed,andmyfacewentred.Whatdoestheseparagraphmainlytalkabout?Culturaldifferencesofdoorsmademeembarrassed.Aretheyexactlywhatyouhavepredicted?•DoorshavedifferentfunctionsinAmerica.•Culturaldifferencesofdoorsmademeembarrassed.Q:Howmanypointsarethereinthefollowingsentence?主题（topic）导向(control)来源：NMET2010完形填空制约(limit)Doorsmayhavedifferentfunctionsandpurposeswhichleadtoculturaldifferences.来源：NMET2010完形填空DoorsfunctionsandpurposesdifferencesdifferentculturalEx.I阅读下面短文,用下划线划出每个选项答案在原文中对应的线索词。(NMET2010广东)Para.1&2Everycountryhasitsownculture.Eventhougheachcountryusesdoors,doorsmayhavedifferentfunctionsandpurposeswhichleadtoculturaldifferences.显性：原词关联显性：原词关联Para.3WhenIfirstcametoAmerica,Inoticedthatapublicbuildinghadtwodifferentdoorsandtheyhaddistinctfunctions.Youhavetopushthedoorwiththeword“PUSH”togooutofthebuildingandtopullthedoorwiththeword“PULL”toenterthebuilding.Thiswasnewtome,becauseweusethesamedoorinSouthKorea.ForquiteafewtimesIfailedtogooutofashoppingcentreandwasembarrassed.显性：原词关联隐性：反义关联隐性：反义关联Para.4Thewayofusingschoolbusdoorswasalsostrangetome.Iusedtotaketheschoolbustoclasses.Theschooldecidedthatwhenthedriveropenedboththefrontandbackdoors,studentswhoweregettingoffthebusshouldgetofffirst,andstudentswhoweregettingonshouldgetonlater.InSouthKorea,wedonotneedtowaitforpeopletogetoff.Onemorning,Ihurriedtothebus,andwhenthebusdoorsopened,Iunconsciouslytriedtogetontheschoolbusthroughthefrontdoor.Allthestudentsaroundlookedatme,Iwastotallyembarrassed,andmyfacewentred.显性：近义关联显性：原词关联隐性：反义关联隐性：语义场关联逻辑：因果关系•doors的语义场•different的语义场•cultural的语义场Q:Let'slookatthewholepassage,seeiftheanswersfallintothefollowingthreesemanticfields?doors3.doors4.enterdifferent1.different5.same6.strangecultural2.cultural9.unconsciously10.embarrassed完成表格：审读NMET2011完形填空的文章，回答以下问题：1.找出文章的主题句（定位句）。2.完成练习，说明每个小题属于哪种关联或逻辑关系。提示：共有8个原词关联；2个近义关联；1个上下义关联；1个反义关联；1个修饰关联；1个语义场关联；1个逻辑关系。来源：NMET2011完形填空(第一段）Ithasbeenarguedbysomethatgiftedchildrenshouldbegroupedinspecialclasses.主题（topic）导向(control)制约(limit)arguedchildrenclassesgiftedspecialPara.1Ithasbeenarguedbysomethatgiftedchildrenshouldbegroupedinspecialclasses.The1isbasedonthebeliefthatinregularclassesthesechildrenareheldbackintheirintellectual(智力的)growthby2situationsthataredesignedforthe3children.显性:C原词关联隐性:C语义场关联隐性:D反义关联Para.2Therecanbelittledoubtthat4classescanhelpthegiftedchildrentograduateearlierandtaketheirplaceinlifesooner.However,totakethese5outoftheregularclassesmaycreateseriousproblems.显性:B原词关联显性:A原词关联Para.3•Iobservedanumberof6childrenwhoweretakenoutofaspecialclassandplacedina7class.Inthespecialclass,theyshowedlittleabilitytousetheirownjudgment,relying8ontheirteachers’directions.Intheregularclass,havingnoworryaboutkeepingup,theybegantoreflect9onmanyproblems,someofwhichwerenotontheschoolprogram.显性:A近义关联显性:B原词关联隐性:D修饰关联逻辑:C因果关系Para.4•Manyareconcernedthatgiftedchildrenbecome10andloseinterestinlearning.However,this11ismoreoftenfromparentsandteachersthanfromstudents,andsomeofthese12simplyconcludethatspecialclassesshouldbesetupforthosewhoare13.Sometopstudentsdofeelboredinclass,butwhythey14sogoesfarbeyondtheworktheyhaveinschool.Studieshaveshownthattobeboredistobeanxious.Thegiftedchildwhoisboredisan15child.显性:B原词关联显性:A原词关联显性:B上下义关联显性:A近义关联显性:D原词关联显性:C原词关联•argue的语义场•giftedchildren的语义场•specialclasses的语义场Q:Let'slookatthewholepassage,seeiftheanswersfallintothefollowingthreesemanticfields?argue1.argument2.learninggiftedchildrenspecialclasses3.average4.special5.children6.intelligent7.regular12.adults13.talented11.concern完成表格Summary•主题句由主题（topic）、导向（control）和制约（limit）组成。•所谓导向就是规定段落的发展脉络。•所谓制约就是限制主题的覆盖范围。•词汇学习要注重语义场的构建。完成exercise11。