动词ing作宾语

动词的ing形式作表语，定语，宾补和状语一、动词-ing形式作表语1.表示主语的内容,可以转换到句首作主语Herjobiskeepingthelecturehallascleanaspossible.=keepingthelecturehallascleanaspossibleisherjobHishobbyispainting.=Paintingishisjob.2.表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing相当一个形容词），作表语用的现在分词，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有：astonishing,amusing,confusing,disappointing,boring,encouraging,inspiring,moving,tiring,interesting,surprising,puzzling,exciting等（这类分词表示“令人….的”含义）。如：Theproblemisquitepuzzling.Thenewssoundsencouraging.二、动词-ing形式作定语1.单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般具有两种含义。①说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。areadingroom=aroomwhichisusedforreadingrunningshoes=shoesforrunning跑鞋aworkingmethod=amethodforworking工作方法readingmaterial阅读材料Nooneisallowedtospeakloudinthereadingroom.Thereisaswimmingpoolinourschool.②表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。（注意动名词作定语说明被修饰词作用意义；现在分词做定语说明被修饰词正在做什么）developingcountries=countriesthataredeveloping发展中国家apuzzlingproblem=aproblemthatpuzzlessomebody困扰人的问题sleepingchild熟睡的孩子livingroom起居室runningwater自来水2.作定语的动词-ing形式如是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面,做后置定语，相当于一个定语从句。Theylivedinahousefacingsouth.(=whichisfacingsouth)他们住在一所朝南的房子里。Doyouknowtheboyplayingbasket?（=Whoisplayingbasket)你认识在打篮球的那个小男孩吗？Themantalkingto(=themanwhoistalkingto)theteacherisourmonitor’sfather.正在与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。三、动词-ing形式作宾补1、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。Whenwereturned,wefoundastrangerstandinginfrontofthehouse.2、当主句转换为被动结构时,原来作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。Theyfoundthefilmveryexciting.=Thefilmisfoundveryexciting.3、能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:1)表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词，（常见的有see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,catch,listento等）+sb+doingsth（作宾补）Ifeltsomebodystandingbehindme.Icaughtastrangerslidingintothemanager’soffice.2)表示指使意义的动词使役动词，（常见的有have,set,keep,get,leave等）+sb/sth+doingsth(作宾补）Wekeptthefireburningallnightlong.我们让火整夜燃烧着。Iwon‘thaveyourunningaboutintheroom.我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。4、see,hear,feel,watch等动词之后用-ing形式和动词不定式(省to)作宾语补足语的区别：Weheardthetelephonering.Weheardthetelephoneringing.前者表示动作正在进行，后者表示（或强调）动作的全过程。四、动词-ing形式作状语动词-ing形式可以作状语，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等,相当于相对应的状语从句。动词-ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随情况状语时常位于句末。1表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。（有时可在动词-ing前加一个表时间的连词，如when,while等）Havingmadefullpreparations,wearereadyfortheexamination.我们已经作好了充分准备，现在可以应考了。(=Afterwehavemadefullpreparations...)2表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。Beingill,hedidn'tgotoschoolyesterday.由于生病，他昨天没有上学。(=Sincehewasill...)Beingpoor,hecouldn’taffordaTVset.(=Ashewaspoor,hecouldn’taffordaTVset.)3表示结果，相当于一个并列谓语。Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.=andlefthimalotofmoney.他父亲死了，留给他许多钱.4表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。Workinghardatyourlessons,youwillsucceed.=Ifyouworkhardatyourlessons.如果你努力学习，就一定能成功。Usingyourhead,you’llfindagoodway.(=Ifyouuseyourhead,you’llfindagoodway.)5表示让步，相当于一个让步状语从句。Althoughtoilingalltheyearround(=Althoughhewastoilingalltheyearround),thepoorpeasantcouldn'taffordtosendhischildrentoschool.6表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明，相当于一个并列结构。Helayonthegrass,staringattheskyforalongtime.=...andstaredattheskyforalongtime他躺在草地上，长时间地望着天空。Thesixblindmenstoodalldaylongbytheroadside,beggingformoney(=theywerebeggingformoney).这六个盲人整天站在路边乞讨。Hewentout,slammingthedoor(=heslammedthedoor).他走出去，砰地一声把门带上。即时强化练习一、用方框中所给动词的适当形式填空，并指出在该句中所充当的句子成分（一词限用一次）astonish,play,bark,direct,climb1.Didyouhearthedogdownstairs_______formostofthenight?2.Jimhasreallylearntveryfast.Hehadmade________progress.3.WhenIcameoutofthetheatre,Inoticedagroupofchildren________musicalinstrumentsacrossthestreet.4.Theboy_______themountainsisverytiredandneedstorest.5.Hisfather’sjobis_______themoviesinafilmstudioinHollywood.二、同义句转换（用动词-ing形式）1.Thebuswasheldupbythesnowstorm,soitcausedthedelay.Thebuswasheldupbythesnowstorm,________thedelay.2.Johnwatchedcuriouslyandthoughtthatthewomanseemedalittlecrazy.Johnwatchedcuriously,_______thatthewomanseemedalittlecrazy.3.WhileIwaswaitingforthetrain,Ihadalongtalkwithhim._________forthetrain,Ihadalongtalkwithhim.4.BecauseIwasill,Istayedathome._________,Istayedathome.5.Ifyouturnrightatthesecondcrossing,youwillfindthepostoffice._________rightatthesecondcrossing,youwillfindthepostoffice.6.Becauseshehadbeenbeatenbyasnake,shewasfrightenedatit.____________________byasnake,shewasfrightenedatit.三、选择填空1.ThoughIhaveoftenheardthissong______,Ihaveneverheardyou______it.A.beingsung;sangB.sang;singingC.sung;singD.tobesung;tosing2.Itwassocoldthattheykeptthefire______allnight.A.toburnB.burnC.burningD.burned3.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman______hishandintothepocketofapassenger.A.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting4.—Didyoumeetanyone______attheparty?—No,infact,Ifoundthepartyrather______.A.interesting;boringB.interested;boringC.interesting;boredD.interested;bored5.Thesalesmanscoldedthegirlcaught______andletheroff.A.tohavestolenB.tobestealingC.tostealD.stealing6.Don’tleavethewater_______whileyoubrushyourteeth.A.runB.runningC.beingrunD.torun7.The_______boywaslastseen_______neartheEastLake.A.missing;playingB.missing;playC.missed;playedD.missed;toplay8.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound_______inthekitchen.A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked9.Hisjobis________allthechildren.A.lookafterB.lookedafterC.lookingafterD.havinglookedafter10.---Doyoukn