中考英语-冠词

冠词中考语法冠词概述冠词用在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人或物。分为不定冠词(a,an),定冠词(the)和零冠词。考点分布（1）不定冠词(a/an)的用法（2）定冠词(the)的用法（3）不用冠词的情况考点梳理考点一不定冠词a/an的用法1、a和an用于可数名词单数之前，表示“一个”。如：WearegoingtohaveanEnglishlessontomorrow.2、a(an)用于可数名词的单数前，指“一种…”。注意：表示一类东西有三种方式。试比较：自行车比汽车慢。Thebikeisslowerthanthecar.=Abikeisslowerthanacar.=Bikesareslowerthancars.考点梳理3、指某人或某物。如：Aboyiswaitingforyou.有个男孩子在等你。4、使用a/an表示单位。如：fiftymilesanhour每小时50公里twiceaweek每周两次5、表示生病前应用a。如：haveaheadache,haveacold等。6、与give,take,have等构成固定搭配。如：havealook,makealiving7、用于某些固定的词组中。如：abit(of),acupof,afew,anumberof,alittle,alotof，apieceof,apairof等。考点梳理【考点精练】()1.—Whynottake______friendwithyou?—That’s______goodidea.A.a；aB.the；theC.a；theD.the；a()2.Jack’sfatheris________doctor.A.aB.anC.someD./()3.Takethemedicinethreetimes_____day.A.aB.theC.anD./()4.Tomhas_______highfeverandhismotherislookingafterhim.A.aB.theC.anD./()5.Marytakes________walkaftersuppereveryday.A.theB.aC./D.one()6.Theoldwomanhad___fireinherroom.A.theB./C.aD.this考点梳理考点二不定冠词a/an的区别如果首字母的读音是元音因素，应用an；如果首字母的读音是辅音音素，应用a。注意：a,e,i,o,u五个元音字母处于词首时，未必都是元音音素，u发音是[ju:]或[ju]时前面用冠词a，u读[Λ]时前面加冠词an。中考中常见前面用冠词an的有：Aaanapple,anartist,anAmericanboy,anAsiancountry,anauntEeaEuropeancountry,anegg,aneight-monthbaby,an11-year-oldboyIianidea,aninteresting考点梳理O0aone-eyedwolf,anorange,anoldman,anoutgoinggirlUuanumbrella,anunusualstory,anunhappywoman,anuglyman,ausefulbook,aUFO,ausualstory,auniversitystudent特别记anhour,anhonestboy考点梳理【考点精练】()7.Ihad_______unusualdayonmylastschooltrip.A.aB.anC./D.the()8.Cathywasveryhappytomeet________oldfriendontheplanetoParis.A.aB.anC.theD./()9.—Daming,what’syourdream?—Iwanttobe___engineersomeday.A.aB.anC.theD.不填()10.Readingcanmakeyoubecome_______expertandchangeyourlife.A.aB.anC.不填D.the考点梳理考点三定冠词的用法1、指双方都知道的人或物，“那个/那些”。如：—Wherearethenewbooks,Jim?—Theyareonthesmalltable.2、第一次出现的可数名词前用a/(an)，再次出现用the。例如：Todayheismakingamachine.Hewantstousethemachine.3、序数词前表示顺序时加the。如：Maryisthethirdtocomein.如有形容词性物主代词修饰时，不加the.ThisismyfirsttimetoBeijing.考点梳理【考点精练】()13.—What’sthematterwithyou?—Ican’trememberwhereIparked_______car.A.aB.anC.theD./()14.Thereis________bridgeovertheriver._______bridgeismadeofstone.A.a,AB.a,TheC.the,TheD.the,A()15.—Is_______redbagunderthetableyours,Jean?—No.Ionlyhave_______yellowbag.Maybeit'sJulia's.A.a:theB.the;aC.a;aD.the;the考点梳理【考点精练】()16.Whois_______youngladywithcurlyblondehair?A.aB.anC.theD./()17._______oldworkersunderthattreearefromShanghai.A.TheB.AnC.ThisD.That考点梳理4、形容词最高级前及only修饰的名词前用the。如：Maryistheonlygirlwhoisoftenlateforclass.5、定冠词用于表示世界上独一无二的物体名词前。如：Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.6、表示东、南、西、北方的名词前用the。如：Thesunrisesintheeast.考点梳理【考点精练】()18._______firstonesatdownandthesecondstoodup.A.TheB.AC.OneD.An()19.Winteris_______coldestseasonoftheyear.A.aB.theC./D.so()20._______moonmovesaround_______earth,andtheybotharesmallerthan_______sun.A.The,the,theB.A,an,aC.The,an,theD.The,the,a考点梳理7、the在姓氏的复数前，表示一家人。如：theSmiths史密斯一家8、the＋普通名词构成专有名词。如：theUnitedStates,【考点精练】()21.Welivein________southofChina.A.theB./C.aD.some()22.________BrownsarewatchingTVathomeatthemoment.A./B.TheC.Mr.D.A()23.Hewillgotoseeyouoffat________RailwayStation.A.aB.anC.theD./考点梳理10、play＋乐器表弹奏时，该乐器名词前加the。如：playtheviolin11、the＋形容词（形容词名词化）表示一类人或事物。如：thepoor,therich,thesick,thebeautiful12、定冠词the用在江河湖海的前面。如：theNorthChinaPlain华北平原考点梳理【考点精练】()24.—Canyouplay________guitar?—Sure.It’sapieceofcakeforme.A.aB.anC.theD./()25.________youngshouldcareforandhelp_______old.A.The,aB.The,theC.A,theD.An,an()26.Thesmalltownlieson________YangtziRiver.A.aB.anC./D.the考点梳理考点四不用冠词的情况1、物质名词前不加冠词。如：Woodcanbemadeintochairsandtables.2、表示节日、月份、星期前一般不加the。如：Springiscoming.如果表有某年的季节和月份时，前要加the。如：Hewasborninthesummerof1964.3、学科前和国名、洲名前一般不加冠词。如：learnChinese/inAsia/inJapan；4、在一些专有名词（地名、节假日）之前不加冠词。如：ChristmasDay,WallStreet考点梳理【考点精练】()27.Paperismadeof________bamboo.A.aB.theC./D.that()28.________Januaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.A.TheB.AC./D.That()29.Wehavenoclasseson________Sundays.A.theB.theseC./D.those()30.Hestudies_______Englishin_______England.A./,/B.an,theC.an,anD./,the()31.Theyoftentakeawalkin_______HydePark.A.theB.aC./D.this考点梳理5、固搭。如：gotowork/college/hospital/church上班/上大学/上学/去医院/去教堂beinhospital/school/bed/prison住院/在学校/卧床/蹲监狱6、表示三餐的名词前不加冠词。如：havebreakfast/lunch/supper表示“一顿…的饭”，可加a。如：haveanicelunch考点梳理7、by＋交通工具时，不用冠词。如：bybike/plane或bysea/water如果用介词in或on，要加冠词。如：inhiscar,onthebus/plane8、动名词前一般不用冠词。例如：Walkingonthemoonisdifficult.考点梳理【考点精练】()32.Thethiefwasthrowninto_______prison.A.theB.aC.thisD./()33.________runningisgood.A.TheB.AC./D.An()34.Hedoesn’thave_______breakfastathome.A.aB.theC.thisD./()35.Wegotoworkby________bus.A./B.aC.theD.one考点梳理9、play+球、棋、游戏时，不加冠词。如：playbasketball,playchess考点梳理【考点精练】()36.Theseboysplay_______footballafterclass.A.aB.theC.thatD./()37.Thereisno_______bookonthedesk.A.theB.aC.anD./()38.Heoftenworkslateat________night.A./B.theC.aD.all()39.Whatdoesthiswordmean,_________?A.myfatherB.FatherC.fatherD.afather()40.Thestudentsof_________GradeOnearehavingameeting.A.theseB./C.aD.an考点梳理【注意事项】英语中有“定冠不定冠意思差千万”的说法。也就是说有些名词前用冠词或不用冠词其意义截然不同。试计较：1.attable在吃饭atthetable在桌子旁2.inclass在上课intheclass在班