ASME_PTC_19.1-2005_试验不确定度

ANAMERICANNATIONALSTANDARDTestUncertaintyASMEPTC19.1-2005(RevisionofASMEPTC19.1-1998)CopyrightASMEInternationalProvidedbyIHSunderlicensewithASMELicensee=LosAlamosNationalLabs/5926584100NotforResale,05/14/200700:28:21MDTNoreproductionornetworkingpermittedwithoutlicensefromIHS--`,`,`,,``,``,`,``,```````,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---ThisisJob#000608$$FMElectronicPage#1of10PL:PTCFExcept9999ASMEPerformanceTestCodePTC_19.108-28-0606:31:01Rev18.02CopyrightASMEInternationalProvidedbyIHSunderlicensewithASMELicensee=LosAlamosNationalLabs/5926584100NotforResale,05/14/200700:28:21MDTNoreproductionornetworkingpermittedwithoutlicensefromIHS--`,`,`,,``,``,`,``,```````,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---DateofIssuance:October13,2006The2005editionofASMEPTC19.1willberevisedwhentheSocietyapprovestheissuanceofthenextedition.TherewillbenoAddendaissuedtoASMEPTC19.1-2005.ASMEissueswrittenrepliestoinquiriesascodecasesandinterpretationsoftechnicalaspectsofthisdocument.CodecasesandinterpretationsarepublishedontheASMEwebsiteundertheCommitteePagesat“approve,”“rate,”or“endorse”anyitem,construction,proprietarydevice,oractivity.ASMEdoesnottakeanypositionwithrespecttothevalidityofanypatentrightsassertedinconnectionwithanyitemsmentionedinthisdocument,anddoesnotundertaketoinsureanyoneutilizingastandardagainstliabilityforinfringementofanyapplicableletterspatent,norassumesanysuchliability.Usersofacodeorstandardareexpresslyadvisedthatdeterminationofthevalidityofanysuchpatentrights,andtheriskofinfringementofsuchrights,isentirelytheirownresponsibility.Participationbyfederalagencyrepresentative(s)orperson(s)affiliatedwithindustryisnottobeinterpretedasgovernmentorindustryendorsementofthiscodeorstandard.ASMEacceptsresponsibilityforonlythoseinterpretationsofthisdocumentissuedinaccordancewiththeestablishedASMEproceduresandpolicies,whichprecludetheissuanceofinterpretationsbyindividuals.Nopartofthisdocumentmaybereproducedinanyform,inanelectronicretrievalsystemorotherwise,withoutthepriorwrittenpermissionofthepublisher.TheAmericanSocietyofMechanicalEngineersThreeParkAvenue,NewYork,NY10016-5990Copyright©2006byTHEAMERICANSOCIETYOFMECHANICALENGINEERSAllrightsreservedPrintedinU.S.A.ThisisJob#000608$$FMElectronicPage#2of10PL:PTCF9996ASMEPerformanceTestCodePTC_19.108-28-0606:31:01Rev18.02CopyrightASMEInternationalProvidedbyIHSunderlicensewithASMELicensee=LosAlamosNationalLabs/5926584100NotforResale,05/14/200700:28:21MDTNoreproductionornetworkingpermittedwithoutlicensefromIHS--`,`,`,,``,``,`,``,```````,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---CONTENTSNotice..............................................................viiForeword............................................................viiiCommitteeRoster.....................................................ixSection1Introduction..............................................11-1General.................................................11-2HarmonizationWithInternationalStandards...................11-3Applications.............................................1Section2ObjectandScope..........................................22-1Object...................................................22-2Scope...................................................2Section3NomenclatureandGlossary..................................33-1Nomenclature............................................33-2Glossary.................................................3Section4FundamentalConcepts......................................54-1Assumptions.............................................54-2MeasurementError........................................54-3MeasurementUncertainty..................................54-4PretestandPosttestUncertaintyAnalyses......................11Section5DefiningtheMeasurementProcess............................135-1Overview................................................135-2SelectionoftheAppropriate“TrueValue”.....................135-3IdentificationofErrorSources...............................135-4CategorizationofUncertainties..............................155-5ComparativeVersusAbsoluteTesting.........................16Section6UncertaintyofaMeasurement................................176-1RandomStandardUncertaintyoftheMean....................176-2SystematicStandardUncertaintyofaMeasurement.............186-3ClassificationofUncertaintySources..........................196-4CombinedStandardandExpandedUncertaintyofaMeasurement...........................................19Section7UncertaintyofaResult.....................................227