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TaleofTwoCities“Itwasthebestoftimes,anditwastheworstoftimes.Itwastheageofwisdom,anditwastheageoffoolishness.Itwastheepochofbelief,anditwastheepochofincredulity.Itwastheseasonoflight,anditwastheseasonofdarkness.Itwasthespringofhope,anditwasthewinterofdespair.Wehadeverythingbeforeus,andwehadnothingbeforeus.WewereallgoingdirecttoHeaven,andwewereallgoingdirecttheotherway.Inshort,theperiodwassofarlikethepresentperiod.Thatsomeofitsnoisiestauthoritiesinsistedonitsbeingreceived,forgoodorforevil,inthesuperlativedegreeofcomparisononly.”CharlesDickensTheAuthor•CharlesDickensCharlesDickens,thegreatestrepresentative(代表)ofEnglishcriticalrealism(批判现实主义),wasbornin1812atPortsmouth.Whenhewasfouryearsold,hisfamilymovedtoChatham,andthefiveyearshespenttherewerethehappiestofallhisboyhood.Oneday,hefoundapileofEnglishnovels,whicharousedhiscuriosity.Nowthekeytothetreasure-houseofliteraturehadbeenputinhishand.In1821theDickensfamilymovedtoapoorquarterinLondon.Mr.Dickenswasheavilyindebtanddidnotknowwhichwaytoturnformoney.FinallyhewastakentotheMarshalseaPrison,London,fordebt.ShortlyafterwardsMrs.Dickensandtheyoungerchildrenwenttotheprison,too,tojointhefather.Theauthor•TheCriticalRealism:ThemainstylisticfeatureofDickensishisuseofcriticalrealism.Dickens’novelsaresetinrealisticenvironmentssuchasinthefactoryorinthestreet.Hischaractersrepresentallaspectsofsocietyfrombeggars,criminalsandorphanstofactoryowners.ThiscriticallyrealisticdescriptionofVictorianworkingclasslifeisperhapstheveryessence(要素)whichmakesDickensoneofthegreatestauthorsofalltime.Withthebeginningofabovewords,Dickenstoldusalovestorycalled“ATaleofTwoCities”,whichisoneofhismostimportantrepresentativeworks.ThenovelprofoundlyexposedthesocietycontradictionbeforetheFrenchRevolution,intenselyattacksthearistocraticsocialclassisdissoluteandcruel,andsincerelysympathizeswiththedepressedclasses.ThenovelalsodescribedmanymagnificentscenesliketherevoltpeopleattackedBastilleandsoon,whichdisplayedpeople'sgreatstrength.Thenovelhasportrayedmanydifferentpeople.DoctorManetteishonestandkindbutsuffersthepersecutionactually，Lucieisbeautifulandgentle，Charlesisgracefulandnoble，Lorryisuprightandhonest，Sydneyissemblanceofindifferent,innermostfeelingsofwarm,unconventionalbutalsoselflessandlofty，MissProssisstraightforwardandloyal，Evremondebrothersarecruelandsinister.Thecomplexhatredishardtosolve,thecruelrevengehasmademorehatreds,lovesrebirthinthehelledge,buttakethelifeastheprice.巴黎.卢浮宫（1204年）伦敦.伦敦塔桥（1886年）ThecommentAsanoutstandingwriter,inDickens’swork,thelanguageskillisessential.Eachkindofrhetorictechnique,liketheanalogy,theexaggeration,thecontrast,thehumorous,andthetauntarehandledskillfully,andtheartistryoftheworkisalsodeliveredthepeak.Ataleoftwocities”hasitsdifferencewiththegeneralhistoricalnovel,itscharacterandthemainplotareallfictionalizes.WiththebroadrealbackgroundoftheFrenchRevolution,theauthortakethefictionalcharacterDoctorManette’sexperienceasthemainclue,interweavestheunjustcharge,loveandrevengethreeindependencesbutalsoincidentcross-correlationstoriestogether,theplotiscriss-crossed,andtheclueiscomplex.《双城记》电影（1935）海报Theauthoruseinsertnarrates,foreshadowing,upholsteryandsomanytechniques,causesthestructureintegrityandstrictness,theplotwindinganxiousandrichoftheatricalnature,itdisplayedtheremarkableartisticskill.thestyle“Ataleoftwocities”issolemnityandmelancholy,fillsindignantion,butlacksthehumoroftheearlyworks.——Theend——