成人学位英语复习资料

一、时态和语态1.如何解答时态问题例1You’vealreadymissedtoomanyclassesthisterm.You______justlastweek.A.missedB.wouldmissC.hadmissedD.havemissed例2AnneaskedTom______thekey.A.whenheleftB.wherehehadleftC.howheleftD.whydidheleft2.与完成时有关的时态★现在完成时(havedone)since,for/inthepastfewmonths,uptonow例1Collectingtoycarsasahobbybecomesincreasinglypopularduringthepastfiftyyears.ABCD例2English______inanewwayatmycollegeinthepastfewyears.A.hasbeentaughtB.wasbeingtaughtC.hasbeentaughtD.hadbeentaught.★过去完成时(haddone)例3AnneaskedTom______thekey.A.whenheleftB.wherehehadleftC.howheleftD.whydidheleft例4Thechemistryclass_____forfiveminuteswhenwehurriedthere.A.hadbeenonB.hadbegunC.hasbeenonD.wouldbegan★将来完成时(willhavedone)by例5We’relateIexpectthefilm_____bythetimewegettothecinema.A.hadalreadystartedB.havealreadyC.willalreadyhavestartedD.havealreadybeenstarted.★现在完成进行时(havebeendoing)例6Itseemsoil___________fromthispipeforsometime.We'llhavetotakethemachineaparttoputitright.A.hadleakedB.isleakingC.leakedD.hasbeenleaking★过去完成进行时(hadbeendoing)★将来完成进行时(willhavebeendoing)例7Bythetimeyouarrivethisevening,_______fortwohours.A.IwillstudyB.IwillhavebeenstudiedC.IhadstudiedD.Iwillhavebeenstudying.3.在时间和条件状语从句中不用将来时态▲用一般现在时代替一般将来时例1Whenthemixture_____,itwillgiveoffapowerfulforce.A.willheatB.willbeheatedC.isheatedD.hasheated例2pleasebesuretotelephonemethenexttimeyou______.A.willcomeB.wouldcomeC.shallcomeD.come▲用现在完成时代替将来完成时例3Smithistostudymedicineassoonashe_______militaryservice.A.willfinishB.hasfinishedC.finishD.wouldfinish例4Noonecanbesureifthecarondisplayfitshimorheruntilheorshe______them.A.triesB.willtryC.aretryingD.havetried4.考试小窍门案。二、情态动词1.几个情态动词的否定式的含义can’tmaynotmustn’tneed’t2.表示推测的几个情态动词用法★must+do对现在情况的推测must+havedone对过去情况的推测例1I________asleepinthecorner,forIremembernothingofwhathappenedduringthenightA.mightfallB.mustfallC.musthavefallenD.canhavefallen★can’t/could’t+do对现在情况的推测can’t/couldn’t+havedone对过去情况的推测★may/mightnot+do对现在情况的推测may/might+havedone对过去情况的推测3.情态动词的完成时虚拟语气的用法needn’thavedoneshouldhavedoneshouldnothavedoneoughttohavedonecouldhavedone4.考试小窍门词加完成时是正确答案。×Mustdo√Musthavedone三、虚拟语气1.条件句中的虚拟语气IwouldaskGeorgetolendusthemoneyifI______him.A.hadknownB.haveknownC.knewD.wouldknowIfabettermaterial______,thestrengthofthepartwouldhavebeenincreased.A.hadbeenusedB.hadbeenusingC.beingusedD.using?如果条件句中有were,had,shouldif例3_____theadviceofhisfriends,hewouldnothavesufferedsuchaheavylossinhisbusiness.A.IfhetookB.ifheshouldtakeC.WerehetotakeD.Hadhetaken?含蓄条件句中虚拟语气的应用Butfor/without„„,otherwise/or„„„,but/though„.Butforyourhelp,I_____theworkintime.A.didnotfinishB.couldnotfinishA.willnotfinishD.wouldnothavefinishedWithoutelectricity,humanlife_____quitedifferenttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbeHewasverybusyyesterday;otherwisehe_____tothemeeting.A.wouldhavecomeB.wouldcomeC.couldcomeD.hadcomeWewouldhavemadealotofmoney,butwehalfwayA.gaveupB.hadgivenupC.wouldgiveupD.weretogiveup?错综时间条件句IfIwereyou,Iwouldnothavemissedthefilmlastnight.2.(should)+动词原形在某些从句中的应用(1)当宾语从句从的谓语是suggest,request,insist,desire,demand,propose,order,command,arrange等动词时,如:Isuggestedthatweshouldgothereonfoot.注意:当insist表示坚持认为之意时,不用虚拟语气,用陈述语气.如:Themaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney(2)Itisordered/desired/decided/requested/strange/important/natural/等后的主语从句中Itisdesiredthatweshouldgeteverythingreadytonight(3)advice,idea,order,plan,demand,proposal,suggestion,request等名词之后的表语从句和同位语从句中.如:Mysuggestionisthatweshouldholdameetingthisevening3.wish后的宾与从句中应当用虚拟语气4.ifonly引导的感叹句中5.asif/asthough引导的状语从句中6.wouldrather后的句子的虚拟语气谓语动词用过去式7.itis(high)timethat„.句型中,从句的谓语动词用过去式四、非谓语动词1.不定式?不定式的逻辑主语Theroadiswildenoughforcarstopassby.Itisimportantforyoutoworkhard.Itiskindofyoutohelpme.?不定式的时态和语态Themagnificentmuseumissaid_____aboutahundredyearsago.A.tobebuiltB.tohavebeenbuiltC.tohavebuiltD.tohavebeingbuilt?使用不带to的不定式1)whynotdo表示委婉的建议Whynot_____ProfessorLiforhelp?Heiskind-heartedandwillingtohelp.A.askB.youaskC.toaskD.yourasking2)使役动词have,make,letto的不定式。例Theteacherhasthestudents_____acompositioneveryotherweek.A.towriteB.writtenC.writingD.writeWhilehewasclimbingthehighmountain,hehadhisleg_____A.brokeB.breakC.brokenD.breakingTherewassomuchnoisethatthespeakercouldn’tmakehimself_____A.hearingB.beingtoldC.tohearD.heard3)表示生理感觉的动词如see,watch,notice,observe,hear后面接不定式做to的不定式。Withtearsonherface,theoldladywatchedthelittleboy_____toahospital.A.sendB.tobesentC.beingsentD.sending4)dosomethingbut/exceptdoThereisnothingwecando_____wait.A.butB.ratherthanC.inspiteofC.besides.5)记住下列不带to的短语can’tbutcan’thelpbuthadbetter2.动名词1.rememberforgetregretstopgoonmean2.后面跟动名词的固定句式havetrouble/problems/difficultdoingsomethingfeellikespend/waste„doingsomethingcan’thelpneed/deserve/wantbeworthwhatabout/howabout3.分词分词作表语独立主格结构例1Duringthediscussion,MrBoydremainedsilentwhenaskinghisopinion.ABCD例2Yourexperimentreportsmustbecheckedwithcarebefore_______A.handedtheminB.themhandinginC.beinghandedinD.handingthemin_______intheairfuelsgiveoffheat.A.TburnB.BurnedC.TbeburnedD.Beingburned五、状语从句赵文通1时间状语从句★while/when/as/until★一„就„nosooner„than/hardly„when/scarcely„when★themomenttheminutethei