解剖英语

解剖学英语绪论introduction**解剖学anatomy**人体解剖学humananatomy**系统解剖学systematicanatomy,descriptiveanatomy**局部解剖学topographicanatomy,regionalanatomy**应用解剖学appliedanatomy**临床解剖学clinicalanatomy**外科解剖学surgicalanatomy**解剖学姿势anatomicalposition*矢状面sagittalplane*正中矢状面median(ormidsagittal)plane*冠状面（或额状面）coronal(orfrontal)plane*横切面（或水平面）transverse(orhorizontal)plane前面（或腹侧面）anterior(orventral)surface后面（或背侧面）posterior(ordorsal)surface上端（或颅端）superior(orcranial)end下端（或尾端）inferior(orcaudal)end内侧（尺侧或胫侧）缘medial(ulnarortibial)border外侧（桡侧或腓侧）缘lateral(radialorfibular)border近侧端（或上端）proximal(orupper)end远侧端（或下端）distal(orlower)end内面internal(orinterior)surface外面external(orexterior)surface浅层superficiallayer深层deeplayer人体各部位partsofhumanbody*头head*颅cranium,skull*额front*枕occipit*颞temples*耳ear*面face*眼eye*鼻nose*口mouth唇lip*颈neck脖子,cervix子宫颈,collum*躯干trunk*背back*胸thorax,chest*腹abdomen脐umbilicus*盆部pelvis骨盆四肢limbs,extremities*上肢upperlimb*肩shoulder腋axilla*臂arm*肘elbow*前臂forearm*手hand腕wrist掌palm*鱼际thenar*小鱼际hypothenar*手指finger*拇指thumb示指indexfinger*下肢lowerlimb*髋hip*股（又称大腿)thigh*膝knee*小腿leg*踝ankle,malleolus*足foot跗tarsus跖sole（有唯一的意思）*趾toe运动系统locomotorsystem骨及骨连结boneandjoint*骨学osteology**骨骼skeleton*骨骼系统skeletalsystem**骨bone中轴骨axialskeleton附肢骨appendicularskeleton*长骨longbone*短骨shortbone*扁骨flatbone*不规则骨irregularbone**骨密质compactbonysubstance（compact紧凑的，结实的）**骨松质spongybonysubstance（spongy海绵似的，吸水的）**骨膜periosteum骨内膜endosteum*黄骨髓yellowbonymarrow**红骨髓redbonymarrow骺epiphysis骨干diaphysis干骺端metaphysis*骺软骨epiphysialcartilage*骺线epiphysialline滋养孔nutrientforamen髓腔medullarycavity突process棘spine隆起eminence粗隆tuberosity结节tuber,tubercle嵴crest线line窝concavity,fossa凹fovea小凹foveola压迹impression腔cavity窦autrum,sinus管canal,duct孔foramen,opening口mouth,apertura,aditus,ostium裂孔hiatus髁condyle上髁epicondyle缘margin切迹notch,incisura纤维连结fibrousjoint韧带连结syndesmosis缝suture软骨连结cartilaginousjoint**关节articulation,joint**关节面articularsurface关节软骨articularcartilage**关节囊articularcapsule*纤维层fibrouslayer*滑膜synovialmembrane**关节腔articularcavity**韧带ligament**关节盘articulardisc**关节半月板articularmeniscus*关节唇articularlabrum滑膜关节synovialjoint平面关节planejoint球窝关节ballandsocketjoint椭圆关节ellipsoidjoint车轴关节pivotjoint鞍状关节saddlejoint（saddle马鞍，自行车车座）*屈flexion*伸extension*收adduction*展abduction*旋转rotation*环转circumduction*旋前pronation*旋后supination*外翻eversion*内翻inversion*背屈dorsiflexion*跖屈plantarflexion**椎骨vertebrae**脊柱vertebralcolumn*椎管vertebralcanal*椎体vertebralbody*椎弓vertebralarch**椎间孔intervertebralforamen*椎孔vertebralforamen*棘突spinousprocess*横突transverseprocess上关节突superiorarticularprocess**颈椎cervicalvertebrae*横突孔transverseforamen*寰椎（1）atlas侧块lateralmass*枢椎axis齿突dens**胸椎thoracicvertebrae上肋凹superiorcostalfovea*腰椎lumbarvertebrae**骶骨sacrum,sacralbone骶骨岬sacralpromontory*骶管裂孔sacralhiatushaɪˈeɪtəs骶角sacralhorn**尾骨coccyx**椎间盘intervertebraldisc*纤维环anulusfibrosus*髓核pulpiformnucleus*黄韧带ligamentsflava寰枕关节atlanto-occipitaljoint**肋ribs,costaeˈkɔsti:*肋软骨costalcartilage*肋沟costalgroove**肋弓costalarch**胸骨sternum胸骨柄sternalmanubrium胸骨体sternalbody**剑突xiphoidprocess**胸骨角sternalangle**胸廓thoraciccage肋椎关节costovertebraljoints肋关节sternocostaljoints**枕骨occipitalbone枕骨髁occipitalcondyle*舌下神经管hypoglossalcanal*枕骨大孔foramenmagnum枕外隆凸externaloccipitalprotuberance*蝶骨sphenoidbone*蝶鞍sellaturcica**垂体窝hypophysialfossa*视神经管opticcanal鞍背dorsumsellae破裂孔foramenlacerum*圆孔foramenrotundum*卵圆孔foramenovale*棘孔foramenspinosum*眶上裂superiororbitalfissure大翼greaterwings翼突pterygoidprocess**颞骨temporalbone岩部petrousportion*乳突mastoidprocess*面神经管facialcanal肌咽鼓管musculo-tubalcanal*内耳门internalacousticport*茎突styloidprocess*茎乳孔stylomastoidforamen*外耳道externalacousticmeatusmi(:)ˈeitəsn.管；导管；道；口*下颌窝mandibularfossa**顶骨parietalbone（parietal学院生活的；体壁的；腔壁的；顶骨的）**额骨frontalbone**筛骨ethmoidbone下鼻甲inferiornasalconcha泪骨lacrimalbone鼻骨nasalbone犁骨vomer**上颌骨maxilla**下颌骨mandible眶下孔infraorbitalforamen牙槽突alveolarprocess切牙管incisivecanal*腭骨palatinebone*颧骨zygomaticbone颏孔mentalforamen冠突coronoidprocess下颌切迹mandibularincisure**舌骨hyoidbone颅盖calvaria外板outerplate内板innerplate*板障diploe**颅前窝anteriorcranialfossa**颅中窝middlecranialfossa**颅后窝posteriorcranialfossa颞窝temporalfossa*颧弓zygomaticarch*颞下窝infratemporalfossa*翼腭窝pterygopalatinefossa*翼点pterion*颈动脉管carotidcanal*颈静脉孔jugularforamen腭大孔greaterpalatineforamen**眶orbit眶上孔supraorbitalforamensupra上眶下孔infraorbitalforameninfra下**骨性鼻腔bonynasalcavity**鼻腔nasalcavity*鼻旁窦paranasalsinus*上颌窦maxillarysinus*蝶窦sphenoidalsinus*额窦frontalsinus*筛窦ethmoidalsinus鼻中隔nasalseptum上(中,下)鼻道superior(middle,inferior)nasalmeatus颅囟cranialfontanelleˌfɔntəˈnel前囟anteriorfontanelle冠状缝coronarysuture矢状缝sagittalsuture人字缝lambdoidsuture[ˈlæmdɔid]adj.似希腊语第十一个字母的人字形的**颞下颌关节temporomandibularjoint**肩胛骨scapula*肩峰acromionəˈkrəumiən*关节盂glenoidcavity*喙突coracoidprocess**锁骨clavicle**肱骨humerus大结节greatertubercle小结节lessertubercle*解剖颈anatomicalneck*外科颈surgicalneck鹰嘴窝olecranonfossaəuˈlekrənɔn*内上髁medialepicondyleepi。。上的condyle骨节**桡骨radius环状关节面articularcircumference**尺骨ulna鹰嘴olecranonəuˈlekrənɔn滑车切迹trochlearnotchˈtrɔkliə**腕骨carpalbones,carpus舟骨scaphoidbone三角骨triquetralbone豌豆骨pisiformbone大多角骨trapeziumbone小多角骨trapezoidbone头状骨capitatebone钩骨hamatebone**掌骨metacarp